{"name":"Tidbit","description":"A free bilingual dictionary of technology: AI, cloud, AWS, networks, security, data, hardware and tech companies. Every term in plain words, with an analogy, a diagram and official sources.","count":304,"generated":"2026-10-17","subjects":{"ai":{"en":"AI","es":"IA"},"aws":{"en":"AWS","es":"AWS"},"cloud":{"en":"Cloud","es":"Cloud"},"hardware":{"en":"Hardware","es":"Hardware"},"software":{"en":"Software","es":"Software"},"data":{"en":"Data","es":"Datos"},"security":{"en":"Security","es":"Seguridad"},"networks":{"en":"Networks","es":"Redes"},"companies":{"en":"Tech companies","es":"Empresas tech"}},"terms":[{"id":"2026-10-17-5g","slug":"5g","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-5g.svg","en":{"title":"5G","tagline":"The fifth generation of mobile networks: faster data, less delay, more devices at once.","aliases":["5G network","5G networks","fifth-generation mobile network"],"imageAlt":"A cell tower sending radio waves, next to three cards: more speed, less delay and more devices","lead":"**5G** is the fifth generation of the technology that connects phones and other devices to mobile networks, after 2G (calls and text messages), 3G (the first usable mobile internet) and 4G (video and apps everywhere). It is a set of standards written by an industry body called 3GPP and adopted around the world, so phones and networks from different makers work together.","analogy":"Widening a highway. Each car does not go dramatically faster, but many more cars fit, there are fewer jams, and a few special express lanes are very fast over short stretches.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/5g/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/5g/index.md"},"es":{"title":"5G","tagline":"La quinta generación de redes móviles: más velocidad, menos demora y más aparatos.","aliases":["red 5G","redes 5G"],"imageAlt":"Una antena de telefonía que emite ondas de radio, junto a tres tarjetas: más velocidad, menos demora y más dispositivos","lead":"**5G** es la quinta generación de la tecnología que conecta celulares y otros aparatos a las redes móviles, después de 2G (llamadas y mensajes de texto), 3G (el primer internet móvil usable) y 4G (video y apps en todos lados). Es un conjunto de estándares que escribe un organismo de la industria llamado 3GPP y que se adopta en todo el mundo, así que celulares y redes de distintas marcas funcionan juntos.","analogy":"Ensanchar una autopista. Cada auto no va muchísimo más rápido, pero entran muchos más, hay menos embotellamientos y algunos carriles exprés especiales son rapidísimos en tramos cortos.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/5g/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/5g/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-adobe","slug":"adobe","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-adobe.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Adobe","tagline":"The company behind Photoshop, Illustrator, Premiere Pro, Acrobat and the PDF format.","aliases":["Adobe Inc.","Creative Cloud","Adobe Creative Cloud"],"imageAlt":"A monthly subscription opens three groups of tools: photo and design, video, and documents as PDF","lead":"**Adobe** is an American software company founded in 1982 by John Warnock and Charles Geschke, two researchers from Xerox's lab in Palo Alto. Its first product, PostScript, was a language that described a page so that any printer could print it exactly. That idea of a page that looks the same everywhere led, in 1993, to the **PDF** format and the Acrobat software to read and create it. PDF later became an open ISO standard.","analogy":"A gym membership for creative tools. Instead of buying each machine for your home, you pay every month and get access to the whole room, with new equipment added over time.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/adobe/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/adobe/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Adobe","tagline":"La empresa detrás de Photoshop, Illustrator, Premiere Pro, Acrobat y el formato PDF.","aliases":["Adobe Inc.","Creative Cloud","Adobe Creative Cloud"],"imageAlt":"Una suscripción mensual abre tres grupos de herramientas: foto y diseño, video, y documentos en PDF","lead":"**Adobe** es una empresa estadounidense de software fundada en 1982 por John Warnock y Charles Geschke, dos investigadores del laboratorio de Xerox en Palo Alto. Su primer producto, PostScript, era un lenguaje que describía una página para que cualquier impresora la imprimiera exacta. Esa idea de una página que se ve igual en todos lados llevó, en 1993, al formato **PDF** y al programa Acrobat para leerlo y crearlo. Con el tiempo el PDF se volvió un estándar abierto de ISO.","analogy":"Una cuota de gimnasio para herramientas creativas. En vez de comprar cada máquina para tu casa, pagás todos los meses y tenés acceso a todo el salón, con aparatos nuevos que se van sumando.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/adobe/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/adobe/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-agi","slug":"agi","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-agi.svg","en":{"title":"AGI","tagline":"A hypothetical AI able to do most mental tasks as well as a person. Not here yet.","aliases":["artificial general intelligence"],"imageAlt":"Three bars over an axis of how many kinds of tasks: a short one for a chess program, a longer one for today's models, and a dashed full-length one for AGI with a question mark","lead":"**AGI**, short for **artificial general intelligence**, is the idea of an AI system that could learn and do most intellectual tasks a human can, at a human level or better, instead of being good at one narrow thing. A chess program that cannot read a recipe is 'narrow' AI. An AGI could, in principle, switch from diagnosing a disease to planning a trip to doing original research, and learn new skills along the way the way people do.","analogy":"Today's AI is like a set of very good specialist tools: a great saw, a great drill, a great level. AGI would be a craftsperson who can pick up any tool, learn a new trade and run the whole job. Nobody agrees on how close we are to that craftsperson.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/agi/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/agi/index.md"},"es":{"title":"AGI","tagline":"Una IA hipotética capaz de hacer casi cualquier tarea mental como una persona.","aliases":["inteligencia artificial general","IA general"],"imageAlt":"Tres barras sobre un eje de cuántos tipos de tareas: una corta para un programa de ajedrez, una más larga para los modelos actuales y una punteada de largo completo para la AGI con un signo de pregunta","lead":"**AGI**, sigla en inglés de **inteligencia artificial general**, es la idea de un sistema de IA que pueda aprender y hacer la mayoría de las tareas intelectuales que hace una persona, a nivel humano o mejor, en vez de ser bueno en una sola cosa. Un programa de ajedrez que no puede leer una receta es IA 'estrecha'. Una AGI podría, en teoría, pasar de diagnosticar una enfermedad a planear un viaje y a hacer investigación original, y aprender habilidades nuevas en el camino, como hace la gente.","analogy":"La IA de hoy es como un juego de herramientas especializadas muy buenas: una gran sierra, un gran taladro, un gran nivel. La AGI sería un artesano capaz de agarrar cualquier herramienta, aprender un oficio nuevo y llevar adelante la obra entera. Nadie se pone de acuerdo en qué tan cerca estamos de ese artesano.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/agi/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/agi/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-agile-and-scrum","slug":"agile-and-scrum","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-agile-and-scrum.svg","en":{"title":"Agile and Scrum","tagline":"Building software in short cycles, showing results often and adjusting as you learn.","aliases":["Agile methodology","agile methodologies","agile development","Agile Manifesto","Scrum","Kanban","Scrum Master","product backlog"],"imageAlt":"A backlog of cards feeds a two-week sprint loop with a daily stand-up, ending in a working product increment and a retrospective","lead":"**Agile** is a family of ways to organize software work around short cycles and constant feedback, instead of one big plan carried out over a year. It was named in 2001 by a group of developers who wrote the **Agile Manifesto**, which values working software, collaboration with the customer and responding to change over heavy documentation and rigid contracts. The older style it reacted against is often called **waterfall**: specify everything, then build everything, then test everything, then deliver.","analogy":"Like driving with a GPS that recalculates, instead of printing the whole route before leaving. You still know where you are going, but every few kilometers you check where you actually are and adjust.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/agile-and-scrum/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/agile-and-scrum/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Agile y Scrum","tagline":"Hacer software en ciclos cortos, mostrar resultados seguido y ajustar sobre la marcha.","aliases":["metodología ágil","metodologías ágiles","desarrollo ágil","Manifiesto Ágil","Scrum","Kanban","Scrum Master","product backlog"],"imageAlt":"Un backlog de tarjetas alimenta un ciclo de sprint de dos semanas con una daily, y termina en un incremento del producto que funciona y una retrospectiva","lead":"**Agile** (ágil) es una familia de formas de organizar el trabajo de software alrededor de ciclos cortos y feedback constante, en lugar de un gran plan ejecutado durante un año. Lo bautizó en 2001 un grupo de developers que escribió el **Manifiesto Ágil**, que valora el software que funciona, la colaboración con el cliente y la respuesta al cambio por encima de la documentación pesada y los contratos rígidos. El estilo anterior contra el que reaccionaba suele llamarse **cascada** (waterfall): especificar todo, después construir todo, después probar todo y recién ahí entregar.","analogy":"Como manejar con un GPS que recalcula, en vez de imprimir toda la ruta antes de salir. Seguís sabiendo a dónde vas, pero cada pocos kilómetros revisás dónde estás de verdad y corregís.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/agile-and-scrum/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/agile-and-scrum/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-ai-agent","slug":"ai-agent","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-ai-agent.svg","en":{"title":"AI agent","tagline":"An LLM that can take actions, check the results and keep going until the job is done.","aliases":["agents","agent","AI agents"],"imageAlt":"A loop with three steps, think, act and observe, where the act step reaches out to tools: web, files, code","lead":"An **AI agent** is an LLM wrapped in a loop with tools. A plain chatbot answers once and stops. An agent receives a goal, decides what to do, uses a tool (search the web, read a file, run code, call an API, send an email), looks at the result, and decides the next step. It repeats until the goal is met or it gets stuck.","analogy":"A chatbot is a consultant who writes you a memo. An agent is an assistant with your calendar, your inbox and a company card, who gets the trip booked and tells you when it is done.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ai-agent/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ai-agent/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Agente de IA","tagline":"Un LLM que puede actuar, mirar el resultado y seguir hasta terminar la tarea.","aliases":["agentes","agente","agentes de IA"],"imageAlt":"Un ciclo de tres pasos, pensar, actuar y observar, donde el paso de actuar usa herramientas: web, archivos, código","lead":"Un **agente de IA** es un LLM metido en un ciclo con herramientas. Un chatbot común responde una vez y para. Un agente recibe un objetivo, decide qué hacer, usa una herramienta (buscar en la web, leer un archivo, correr código, llamar a una API, mandar un mail), mira el resultado y decide el próximo paso. Repite hasta cumplir el objetivo o quedarse trabado.","analogy":"Un chatbot es un consultor que te escribe un informe. Un agente es un asistente con tu agenda, tu casilla de mail y la tarjeta de la empresa, que te reserva el viaje y te avisa cuando está listo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ai-agent/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ai-agent/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-ai-bias","slug":"ai-bias","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-ai-bias.svg","en":{"title":"AI bias","tagline":"When an AI system treats some groups of people unfairly, usually learned from its data.","aliases":["algorithmic bias","bias in AI"],"imageAlt":"Past hiring data with a tall bar for group A and a short bar for group B goes into a model, which then gives new applicants scores with the same uneven pattern","lead":"**AI bias** is when an AI system produces results that are systematically unfair to certain groups of people: by gender, skin color, age, accent, disability, neighborhood. Usually nobody programmed it on purpose. A model learns from examples, and if the examples reflect an unequal past, the model learns that inequality as if it were a rule.","analogy":"Like a new employee trained only by reading the company's old decisions. If those decisions favored one kind of person, the new employee will copy the pattern, sincerely believing it is just how the job is done.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ai-bias/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ai-bias/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Sesgo en la IA","tagline":"Cuando un sistema de IA trata injustamente a algunos grupos, casi siempre por sus datos.","aliases":["sesgo algorítmico","sesgos algorítmicos","sesgo de la IA","sesgos en la IA"],"imageAlt":"Datos de contrataciones pasadas, con una barra alta para el grupo A y una baja para el grupo B, entran en un modelo que después puntúa a los nuevos postulantes con el mismo patrón desparejo","lead":"El **sesgo en la IA** (sesgo algorítmico) aparece cuando un sistema de IA da resultados sistemáticamente injustos para ciertos grupos de personas: por género, color de piel, edad, acento, discapacidad o barrio. En general nadie lo programó a propósito. Un modelo aprende de ejemplos, y si los ejemplos reflejan un pasado desigual, aprende esa desigualdad como si fuera una regla.","analogy":"Es como un empleado nuevo al que formaron solo leyendo las decisiones viejas de la empresa. Si esas decisiones favorecían a un tipo de persona, el empleado nuevo copia el patrón convencido de que así se hace el trabajo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ai-bias/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ai-bias/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-algorithm","slug":"algorithm","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-algorithm.svg","en":{"title":"Algorithm","tagline":"A precise, step-by-step method for solving a problem or doing a task.","aliases":["algorithms","algorithmic"],"imageAlt":"A flowchart: start, check a condition, take one of two paths, and loop back until the task is done","lead":"An **algorithm** is a finite list of clear steps that, followed exactly, solves a problem. Long division as you learned it at school is an algorithm. So is \"to find a word in a paper dictionary, open it in the middle, check whether the word comes before or after, and repeat with that half\". Computers need algorithms because they cannot improvise: every program is algorithms written in a programming language.","analogy":"A recipe, but one written so precisely that someone who has never cooked, and never thinks for themselves, would still end up with the same cake every time.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/algorithm/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/algorithm/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Algoritmo","tagline":"Un método preciso, paso a paso, para resolver un problema o hacer una tarea.","aliases":["algoritmos","algorítmico","algorítmica"],"imageAlt":"Un diagrama de flujo: inicio, chequear una condición, tomar uno de dos caminos y volver hasta terminar la tarea","lead":"Un **algoritmo** es una lista finita de pasos claros que, seguidos al pie de la letra, resuelven un problema. La división larga que aprendiste en la escuela es un algoritmo. También lo es \"para buscar una palabra en un diccionario de papel, abrilo por la mitad, fijate si la palabra va antes o después y repetí con esa mitad\". Las computadoras necesitan algoritmos porque no pueden improvisar: todo programa son algoritmos escritos en un lenguaje de programación.","analogy":"Una receta, pero escrita con tanta precisión que alguien que nunca cocinó, y que no piensa por su cuenta, igual llegaría a la misma torta cada vez.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/algorithm/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/algorithm/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-alibaba","slug":"alibaba","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-alibaba.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Alibaba","tagline":"China's giant of online marketplaces, which also runs a major cloud.","aliases":["Alibaba Group","Alibaba Cloud","Aliyun"],"imageAlt":"Factories and shops on one side reach buyers through Alibaba's marketplaces in the middle, all running on Alibaba Cloud data centers below","lead":"**Alibaba Group** was founded in 1999 in Hangzhou, China, by Jack Ma and a group of partners. It started with **Alibaba.com**, a website where small Chinese manufacturers could find buyers abroad, and it is still where many businesses around the world go to order products in bulk directly from factories.","analogy":"A huge market where the building owner does not sell anything: it rents stalls, charges for the signs that make a stall visible, and also runs the power plant that keeps the lights on for the whole neighborhood.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/alibaba/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/alibaba/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Alibaba","tagline":"El gigante chino de los marketplaces online, que además maneja una nube grande.","aliases":["Alibaba Group","Alibaba Cloud","Aliyun"],"imageAlt":"Fábricas y tiendas de un lado llegan a compradores a través de los marketplaces de Alibaba en el medio, todo corriendo sobre los data centers de Alibaba Cloud abajo","lead":"**Alibaba Group** se fundó en 1999 en Hangzhou, China, por Jack Ma y un grupo de socios. Empezó con **Alibaba.com**, un sitio donde pequeños fabricantes chinos podían encontrar compradores en el exterior, y sigue siendo adonde van muchas empresas del mundo para encargar productos al por mayor directamente a las fábricas.","analogy":"Un mercado enorme donde el dueño del edificio no vende nada: alquila puestos, cobra por los carteles que hacen visible un puesto y además maneja la usina que le da luz a todo el barrio.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/alibaba/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/alibaba/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-amazon","slug":"amazon","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-amazon.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Amazon","tagline":"An online store with its own delivery network, and the company that runs AWS.","aliases":["Amazon Web Services","Amazon.com"],"imageAlt":"Two halves: on the left, sellers send goods to a warehouse that ships them to a customer's house; on the right, a data center labeled AWS serves many apps","lead":"**Amazon** was founded by Jeff Bezos in 1994, in Seattle, as an online bookstore. It grew into a store that sells almost everything, and most of what it sells today comes from independent **sellers** who list their products on Amazon's marketplace and pay fees for the sale, and often for Amazon to store and ship the goods. Behind the website sits one of the largest logistics networks in the world: warehouses, sorting centers, planes and delivery vans.","analogy":"A shopping mall that also owns the trucks, the warehouses and the power plant. Shops rent space and pay for delivery; and since the power plant had capacity to spare, the mall started selling electricity to the whole city too.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon","tagline":"Una tienda online con su propia red de envíos, y la empresa que maneja AWS.","aliases":["Amazon Web Services","Amazon.com"],"imageAlt":"Dos mitades: a la izquierda, vendedores mandan productos a un depósito que los envía a la casa de un cliente; a la derecha, un data center que dice AWS atiende muchas apps","lead":"**Amazon** la fundó Jeff Bezos en 1994, en Seattle, como una librería online. Creció hasta ser una tienda que vende casi de todo, y la mayor parte de lo que vende hoy viene de **vendedores** independientes que publican sus productos en el marketplace de Amazon y pagan comisiones por la venta, y muchas veces para que Amazon guarde y envíe la mercadería. Detrás de la página hay una de las redes de logística más grandes del mundo: depósitos, centros de clasificación, aviones y camionetas de reparto.","analogy":"Un shopping que además es dueño de los camiones, los depósitos y la usina eléctrica. Los locales alquilan espacio y pagan los envíos; y como a la usina le sobraba capacidad, el shopping empezó a venderle electricidad a toda la ciudad.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-api-gateway","slug":"amazon-api-gateway","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-api-gateway.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon API Gateway","tagline":"The front door of your API: it receives requests and passes them to your code.","aliases":["API Gateway"],"imageAlt":"A phone sending a request to a gateway that checks it and forwards it to a Lambda function","lead":"**Amazon API Gateway** gives your API a public address on the internet and takes care of everything that happens before your code runs. You define routes like `GET /orders` or `POST /users`, tell it where each one goes (usually an AWS Lambda function, sometimes a server or another AWS service), and it handles the rest.","analogy":"The receptionist of an office building. Visitors do not walk straight to a desk: the receptionist checks their ID, limits how many go up at once, and points each one to the right door.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-api-gateway/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-api-gateway/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon API Gateway","tagline":"La puerta de entrada de tu API: recibe los pedidos y se los pasa a tu código.","aliases":["API Gateway"],"imageAlt":"Un celular mandando un pedido a un gateway que lo revisa y lo reenvía a una función Lambda","lead":"**Amazon API Gateway** le da a tu API una dirección pública en internet y se ocupa de todo lo que pasa antes de que corra tu código. Definís rutas como `GET /orders` o `POST /users`, le decís a dónde va cada una (casi siempre una función AWS Lambda, a veces un servidor u otro servicio de AWS), y él hace el resto.","analogy":"La recepción de un edificio de oficinas. Las visitas no suben directo a un escritorio: la recepcionista pide documento, limita cuántas personas suben a la vez y le indica a cada una qué puerta buscar.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-api-gateway/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-api-gateway/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-athena","slug":"amazon-athena","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["aws","data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-athena.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon Athena","tagline":"Run SQL directly on files sitting in S3, with no database to set up.","aliases":["Athena"],"imageAlt":"Files in an S3 bucket on the left, a SQL query in the middle, and a small result table on the right","lead":"**Amazon Athena** is a query service: you point it at files stored in Amazon S3 (CSV, JSON, Parquet, logs), describe their columns once, and run standard SQL against them. There is no server to start and no data to load: Athena reads the files when you run the query, and you pay per amount of data scanned (roughly 5 dollars per terabyte).","analogy":"A librarian who answers questions by reading the boxes in the archive directly, instead of first copying every document into a filing system. Slower per question than a filing system, but it works on day one and you pay only for what gets read.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-athena/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-athena/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon Athena","tagline":"Corré SQL directo sobre archivos guardados en S3, sin armar ninguna base de datos.","aliases":["Athena"],"imageAlt":"Archivos en un bucket de S3 a la izquierda, una consulta SQL en el medio, y una tabla de resultados chiquita a la derecha","lead":"**Amazon Athena** es un servicio de consultas: lo apuntás a archivos guardados en Amazon S3 (CSV, JSON, Parquet, logs), describís sus columnas una vez, y corrés SQL estándar sobre ellos. No hay servidor que prender ni datos que cargar: Athena lee los archivos cuando ejecutás la consulta, y pagás por la cantidad de datos que escanea (unos 5 dólares por terabyte, aproximadamente).","analogy":"Una bibliotecaria que responde preguntas leyendo directamente las cajas del archivo, en vez de primero copiar cada documento a un fichero. Más lenta por pregunta que un fichero, pero funciona desde el primer día y pagás solo por lo que se lee.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-athena/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-athena/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-bedrock","slug":"amazon-bedrock","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["aws","ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-bedrock.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon Bedrock","tagline":"A single AWS service to call AI models from Anthropic, Meta, Amazon and others.","aliases":["Bedrock"],"imageAlt":"An app sends a prompt to a Bedrock box that fans out to a row of model cards from different providers","lead":"**Bedrock** is the AWS service for using generative AI models through an API. Instead of running a model yourself, you send a prompt and get the answer back, paying per token. The catalog includes Claude from Anthropic, Llama from Meta, Mistral, Amazon's own Nova models and more, all behind the same API, so trying a different model is a one-line change.","analogy":"A restaurant with one menu and several kitchens. You order from the same waiter, and whether the dish comes from the Anthropic kitchen or the Meta kitchen, the bill, the plates and the health inspection are the restaurant's job.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-bedrock/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-bedrock/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon Bedrock","tagline":"Un solo servicio de AWS para llamar a modelos de IA de Anthropic, Meta, Amazon y otros.","aliases":["Bedrock"],"imageAlt":"Una app manda un prompt a una caja Bedrock que se abre en una fila de tarjetas de modelos de distintos proveedores","lead":"**Bedrock** es el servicio de AWS para usar modelos de IA generativa a través de una API. En vez de correr un modelo vos, mandás un prompt y recibís la respuesta, pagando por token. El catálogo incluye Claude de Anthropic, Llama de Meta, Mistral, los modelos Nova de Amazon y más, todos detrás de la misma API, así que probar otro modelo es cambiar una línea.","analogy":"Un restaurante con una sola carta y varias cocinas. Le pedís al mismo mozo, y venga el plato de la cocina de Anthropic o de la de Meta, la cuenta, la vajilla y la inspección de bromatología son cosa del restaurante.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-bedrock/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-bedrock/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-cloudfront","slug":"amazon-cloudfront","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-cloudfront.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon CloudFront","tagline":"AWS's CDN: copies of your content kept close to users all over the world.","aliases":["CloudFront"],"imageAlt":"One origin bucket feeding three edge locations, each serving nearby users with short arrows","lead":"**CloudFront** is AWS's CDN (content delivery network). You point it at an **origin** (an Amazon S3 bucket, a load balancer, any web server) and it serves your files from hundreds of **edge locations**: small data centers in cities on every continent. A visitor in Buenos Aires gets your images from an edge nearby instead of from a server in Virginia, so the page loads noticeably faster.","analogy":"A bakery chain that bakes once at headquarters and keeps fresh loaves on shelves in every neighborhood. You buy around the corner instead of driving to the factory, and the factory only bakes again when a shelf runs empty.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-cloudfront/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-cloudfront/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon CloudFront","tagline":"El CDN de AWS: copias de tu contenido guardadas cerca de los usuarios en todo el mundo.","aliases":["CloudFront"],"imageAlt":"Un bucket de origen alimentando tres puntos de borde, cada uno sirviendo a usuarios cercanos con flechas cortas","lead":"**CloudFront** es el CDN (content delivery network) de AWS. Lo apuntás a un **origen** (un bucket de Amazon S3, un balanceador de carga, cualquier servidor web) y sirve tus archivos desde cientos de **puntos de presencia** (edge locations): centros de datos chicos en ciudades de todos los continentes. Alguien en Buenos Aires recibe tus imágenes desde un punto cercano en vez de un servidor en Virginia, y la página carga notablemente más rápido.","analogy":"Una cadena de panaderías que hornea una vez en la central y mantiene pan fresco en las estanterías de cada barrio. Comprás a la vuelta en vez de ir hasta la fábrica, y la fábrica solo vuelve a hornear cuando una estantería se vacía.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-cloudfront/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-cloudfront/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-cloudwatch","slug":"amazon-cloudwatch","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-cloudwatch.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon CloudWatch","tagline":"The dashboard and alarm system that watches everything running in your AWS account.","aliases":["CloudWatch","CloudWatch Logs","CloudWatch alarm","CloudWatch alarms"],"imageAlt":"A CPU chart crossing a threshold line and ringing a bell, with log lines underneath","lead":"**CloudWatch** is the AWS service for monitoring. Almost every AWS service reports **metrics** to it on its own: CPU use of an Amazon EC2 instance, number of calls to an AWS Lambda function, free space in an Amazon RDS database, messages waiting in a queue. You see them as charts going back months, without installing anything.","analogy":"The dashboard of a car. Speed, fuel and engine temperature in one place, with a red light that comes on before the engine actually overheats.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-cloudwatch/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-cloudwatch/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon CloudWatch","tagline":"El tablero y el sistema de alarmas que vigila todo lo que corre en tu cuenta de AWS.","aliases":["CloudWatch","CloudWatch Logs","alarma de CloudWatch","alarmas de CloudWatch"],"imageAlt":"Un gráfico de CPU que cruza una línea de umbral y hace sonar una campana, con líneas de log debajo","lead":"**CloudWatch** es el servicio de AWS para monitoreo. Casi todos los servicios de AWS le reportan **métricas** solos: uso de CPU de una instancia de Amazon EC2, cantidad de llamadas a una función de AWS Lambda, espacio libre en una base de Amazon RDS, mensajes esperando en una cola. Las ves como gráficos con meses de historia, sin instalar nada.","analogy":"El tablero de un auto. Velocidad, nafta y temperatura del motor en un solo lugar, con una luz roja que se prende antes de que el motor se recaliente de verdad.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-cloudwatch/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-cloudwatch/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-cognito","slug":"amazon-cognito","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["aws","security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-cognito.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon Cognito","tagline":"Sign-up, login and passwords for your app, handled by AWS instead of you.","aliases":["Cognito","Cognito user pool","Cognito user pools","user pool","user pools"],"imageAlt":"A person logging in to Cognito, receiving a token, and presenting the token to an API","lead":"**Amazon Cognito** manages the users of an application: sign-up, login, password reset, email or phone verification, two-factor authentication, and 'log in with Google' style federation. Your app does not store passwords; Cognito does, and hands your app a signed token that says who the user is.","analogy":"The membership desk of a club. It issues cards, checks faces, handles lost cards and renewals. Every other door in the club only has to look at the card.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-cognito/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-cognito/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon Cognito","tagline":"Registro, login y contraseñas de tu app, a cargo de AWS y no tuyo.","aliases":["Cognito","user pool","user pools","user pool de Cognito"],"imageAlt":"Una persona que inicia sesión en Cognito, recibe un token y le presenta el token a una API","lead":"**Amazon Cognito** administra los usuarios de una aplicación: registro, login, recuperación de contraseña, verificación por email o teléfono, autenticación de dos factores, y federación estilo 'ingresar con Google'. Tu app no guarda contraseñas; las guarda Cognito, y le entrega a tu app un token firmado que dice quién es el usuario.","analogy":"La mesa de socios de un club. Emite carnets, mira caras, se ocupa de los carnets perdidos y las renovaciones. Todas las demás puertas del club solo tienen que mirar el carnet.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-cognito/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-cognito/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-dynamodb","slug":"amazon-dynamodb","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-dynamodb.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon DynamoDB","tagline":"A key-value database that answers in milliseconds no matter how big the table gets.","aliases":["DynamoDB","Dynamo"],"imageAlt":"A table of keys and items; a key is looked up and its item comes back in milliseconds","lead":"**DynamoDB** is AWS's NoSQL database. Instead of tables with rows and columns joined by SQL, it stores **items** (JSON-like documents) and finds them by a **key** you choose, such as a user id or an order number. Fetching an item by key takes a few milliseconds whether the table holds a thousand items or a billion.","analogy":"A coat check. You hand over a coat, get a numbered ticket, and later get the coat back instantly by showing the ticket. Asking the attendant for 'all the blue coats' is not what the system is for.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-dynamodb/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-dynamodb/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon DynamoDB","tagline":"Una base de datos clave-valor que responde en milisegundos por más que crezca la tabla.","aliases":["DynamoDB","Dynamo"],"imageAlt":"Una tabla de claves e ítems; se busca una clave y su ítem vuelve en milisegundos","lead":"**DynamoDB** es la base de datos NoSQL de AWS. En vez de tablas con filas y columnas unidas por SQL, guarda **ítems** (documentos parecidos a JSON) y los encuentra por una **clave** que elegís vos, como un id de usuario o un número de pedido. Buscar un ítem por clave tarda unos milisegundos, tenga la tabla mil ítems o mil millones.","analogy":"Un guardarropa. Entregás el abrigo, te dan un ticket con número, y después lo recuperás al instante mostrando el ticket. Pedirle al encargado 'todos los abrigos azules' no es para lo que sirve el sistema.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-dynamodb/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-dynamodb/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-ebs","slug":"amazon-ebs","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-ebs.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon EBS","tagline":"The virtual hard drive of an EC2 instance, kept alive even when the instance stops.","aliases":["EBS","EBS volume","EBS volumes"],"imageAlt":"A disk cylinder plugged into an EC2 instance, a second instance it could move to, and a snapshot going to a bucket","lead":"**EBS** (Elastic Block Store) provides **volumes**: virtual disks that you attach to an Amazon EC2 instance and that the operating system sees as a normal drive. The instance's root disk is an EBS volume; you can add more, like plugging in extra hard drives, and each one can be resized while in use.","analogy":"An external hard drive. You plug it into one laptop, unplug it, plug it into another, and keep a copy in a safe (the snapshot). It is still a drive: one computer at a time, and it has to be in the same room (the zone).","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-ebs/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-ebs/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon EBS","tagline":"El disco rígido virtual de una instancia EC2, que sobrevive cuando la instancia se apaga.","aliases":["EBS","volumen EBS","volúmenes EBS","volumen de EBS","volúmenes de EBS"],"imageAlt":"Un cilindro de disco enchufado a una instancia EC2, una segunda instancia a la que podría pasar, y un snapshot yendo a un bucket","lead":"**EBS** (Elastic Block Store) provee **volúmenes**: discos virtuales que enchufás a una instancia de Amazon EC2 y que el sistema operativo ve como un disco común. El disco raíz de la instancia es un volumen EBS; podés agregar más, como conectar discos externos, y cada uno se puede agrandar mientras está en uso.","analogy":"Un disco externo. Lo enchufás a una laptop, lo desenchufás, lo enchufás a otra, y guardás una copia en una caja fuerte (el snapshot). Sigue siendo un disco: una computadora a la vez, y tiene que estar en la misma habitación (la zona).","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-ebs/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-ebs/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-ec2","slug":"amazon-ec2","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-ec2.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon EC2","tagline":"Virtual computers you rent by the hour, in any size, and switch off when done.","aliases":["EC2","EC2 instance","EC2 instances"],"imageAlt":"A physical server at the bottom with three virtual machines of different sizes drawn above it","lead":"**EC2** (Elastic Compute Cloud) is the AWS service for renting virtual machines, called **instances**. You choose an operating system (Linux or Windows), a size (how many CPU cores, how much RAM), press launch, and about a minute later you have a computer you can log into and run anything on: a website, a database, a game server, a script that runs once a night.","analogy":"Renting a car instead of buying one. You pick the size you need today (a compact for errands, a truck for moving house), pay for the hours you drive, and return it. Tomorrow you can take a different one.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-ec2/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-ec2/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon EC2","tagline":"Computadoras virtuales que alquilás por hora, del tamaño que quieras, y después apagás.","aliases":["EC2","instancia EC2","instancias EC2","instancia de EC2","instancias de EC2"],"imageAlt":"Un servidor físico abajo y tres máquinas virtuales de distintos tamaños dibujadas encima","lead":"**EC2** (Elastic Compute Cloud) es el servicio de AWS para alquilar máquinas virtuales, llamadas **instancias**. Elegís un sistema operativo (Linux o Windows), un tamaño (cuántos núcleos de CPU, cuánta RAM), apretás lanzar, y un minuto después tenés una computadora donde podés entrar y correr lo que sea: un sitio web, una base de datos, un servidor de juegos, un script que corre una vez por noche.","analogy":"Alquilar un auto en vez de comprarlo. Elegís el tamaño que necesitás hoy (uno chico para trámites, una camioneta para una mudanza), pagás las horas que lo usás y lo devolvés. Mañana podés llevarte otro distinto.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-ec2/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-ec2/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-amazon-ecr","slug":"amazon-ecr","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-amazon-ecr.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon ECR","tagline":"A private warehouse on AWS for your container images, ready to be deployed.","aliases":["ECR","Elastic Container Registry","Amazon Elastic Container Registry","ECR repository","ECR repositories","container registry","container registries"],"imageAlt":"A laptop pushes a container image into a registry shelf with tagged images, and ECS, EKS and Lambda pull it from there","lead":"**ECR** (Elastic Container Registry) is where you store container images on AWS. An image is the packaged version of an app: the code, the libraries and the settings it needs, frozen in one file that any machine can run. Before you can run it on AWS, the image has to live somewhere AWS can fetch it from, and that place is a **container registry**.","analogy":"The loading dock of a factory. Finished, sealed boxes (images) wait on labeled shelves, and the delivery trucks (ECS, EKS, Lambda) pick up exactly the box with the label they were told to take.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-ecr/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-ecr/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon ECR","tagline":"Un depósito privado en AWS para tus imágenes de contenedor, listas para desplegar.","aliases":["ECR","Elastic Container Registry","Amazon Elastic Container Registry","repositorio de ECR","repositorios de ECR","registro de contenedores","registros de contenedores"],"imageAlt":"Una laptop sube una imagen de contenedor a un estante del registro con imágenes etiquetadas, y ECS, EKS y Lambda la bajan de ahí","lead":"**ECR** (Elastic Container Registry) es donde guardás imágenes de contenedor en AWS. Una imagen es la versión empaquetada de una app: el código, las librerías y la configuración que necesita, congelados en un archivo que cualquier máquina puede correr. Antes de correrla en AWS, la imagen tiene que estar en algún lugar del que AWS la pueda ir a buscar, y ese lugar es un **registro de contenedores**.","analogy":"El muelle de carga de una fábrica. Las cajas terminadas y cerradas (imágenes) esperan en estantes etiquetados, y los camiones (ECS, EKS, Lambda) se llevan justo la caja con la etiqueta que les indicaron.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-ecr/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-ecr/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-ecs-and-fargate","slug":"amazon-ecs-and-fargate","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["aws","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-ecs-and-fargate.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon ECS and Fargate","tagline":"AWS runs your containers; with Fargate you never see the servers at all.","aliases":["ECS","Fargate","AWS Fargate","Amazon ECS","Elastic Container Service"],"imageAlt":"On the left containers sitting on servers you manage, on the right the same containers floating on a cloud with no servers","lead":"**Amazon ECS** (Elastic container Service) is the AWS service that runs containers for you. You write a **task definition**: which container image to use, how much CPU and memory it needs, which ports it opens, which environment variables it gets. Then you create a **service**: 'keep three copies of this task running behind this load balancer', and ECS makes sure three are always alive, replacing any that die.","analogy":"A food court. ECS is the manager who guarantees your stall is always open and staffed. With Fargate you also stop renting floor space: you say how big a stall you need and it appears, and you pay only while it is open.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-ecs-and-fargate/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-ecs-and-fargate/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon ECS y Fargate","tagline":"AWS corre tus contenedores; con Fargate ni siquiera ves los servidores.","aliases":["ECS","Fargate","AWS Fargate","Amazon ECS","Elastic Container Service"],"imageAlt":"A la izquierda contenedores sobre servidores que administrás vos, a la derecha los mismos contenedores flotando en una nube sin servidores","lead":"**Amazon ECS** (Elastic Container Service) es el servicio de AWS que corre contenedores por vos. Escribís una **task definition**: qué imagen de contenedor usar, cuánta CPU y memoria necesita, qué puertos abre, qué variables de entorno recibe. Después creás un **service**: 'mantené tres copias de esta tarea corriendo detrás de este balanceador', y ECS se encarga de que siempre haya tres vivas, reemplazando las que se caen.","analogy":"Un patio de comidas. ECS es el encargado que garantiza que tu local esté siempre abierto y con gente atendiendo. Con Fargate además dejás de alquilar el espacio físico: decís qué tamaño de local necesitás, aparece, y pagás solo mientras está abierto.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-ecs-and-fargate/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-ecs-and-fargate/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-eks","slug":"amazon-eks","date":"2026-10-14","level":3,"subjects":["aws","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-eks.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon EKS","tagline":"Kubernetes with the hard part, the control plane, run by AWS.","aliases":["EKS","Elastic Kubernetes Service"],"imageAlt":"A control plane box run by AWS on top, three worker nodes with pods below, and kubectl talking to the control plane","lead":"**Amazon EKS** (Elastic Kubernetes Service) is managed Kubernetes on AWS. Kubernetes has two halves: the **control plane** (the brain: the API server, the scheduler and the etcd database that stores the state of the cluster) and the **worker nodes** (the machines where your containers actually run). EKS runs the control plane for you, spread across several Availability Zones, patched and backed up, and exposes the standard Kubernetes API so your usual tools (`kubectl`, Helm, GitOps pipelines) work unchanged.","analogy":"Renting a theater with the technical crew included. AWS runs the lighting booth and the sound desk (the control plane); you bring the actors (your containers) and decide how big a stage you need (the nodes).","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-eks/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-eks/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon EKS","tagline":"Kubernetes con la parte difícil, el control plane, a cargo de AWS.","aliases":["EKS","Elastic Kubernetes Service"],"imageAlt":"Un recuadro de control plane a cargo de AWS arriba, tres nodos con pods abajo, y kubectl hablando con el control plane","lead":"**Amazon EKS** (Elastic Kubernetes Service) es Kubernetes administrado en AWS. Kubernetes tiene dos mitades: el **control plane** (el cerebro: el API server, el scheduler y la base etcd que guarda el estado del cluster) y los **nodos** (las máquinas donde de verdad corren tus contenedores). EKS corre el control plane por vos, repartido en varias zonas de disponibilidad, parcheado y con backups, y expone la API estándar de Kubernetes, así que tus herramientas de siempre (`kubectl`, Helm, pipelines de GitOps) funcionan sin cambios.","analogy":"Alquilar un teatro con el equipo técnico incluido. AWS maneja la cabina de luces y la consola de sonido (el control plane); vos traés a los actores (tus contenedores) y decidís qué tamaño de escenario necesitás (los nodos).","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-eks/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-eks/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-amazon-elasticache","slug":"amazon-elasticache","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-amazon-elasticache.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon ElastiCache","tagline":"A managed in-memory cache that keeps hot data close so apps answer instantly.","aliases":["ElastiCache","ElastiCache Serverless","ElastiCache for Redis","ElastiCache for Valkey","ElastiCache for Memcached"],"imageAlt":"An app asks a small fast cache first; on a hit it answers in microseconds, on a miss it goes to the slower database behind it","lead":"**ElastiCache** is the AWS service that runs an in-memory data store for you, using the open source engines Valkey, Redis OSS or Memcached. Because the data lives in RAM instead of on disk, reading a value takes well under a millisecond. AWS handles the servers, patches, replicas and failover.","analogy":"The sticky note on your monitor with the phone numbers you dial every day. Looking there is instant; the full phone book is still in the drawer for everything else.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-elasticache/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-elasticache/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon ElastiCache","tagline":"Un caché en memoria administrado que tiene a mano los datos más pedidos.","aliases":["ElastiCache","ElastiCache Serverless","ElastiCache para Redis","ElastiCache para Valkey","ElastiCache para Memcached"],"imageAlt":"Una app le pregunta primero a un caché chico y rápido; si está, responde en microsegundos, si no, va a la base de datos más lenta de atrás","lead":"**ElastiCache** es el servicio de AWS que te corre un almacén de datos en memoria, usando los motores open source Valkey, Redis OSS o Memcached. Como los datos viven en RAM y no en disco, leer un valor tarda bastante menos de un milisegundo. AWS se ocupa de los servidores, los parches, las réplicas y de cambiar a otra máquina si una falla.","analogy":"El post-it pegado en el monitor con los teléfonos que marcás todos los días. Mirarlo es instantáneo; la guía completa sigue en el cajón para todo lo demás.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-elasticache/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-elasticache/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-amazon-eventbridge","slug":"amazon-eventbridge","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-amazon-eventbridge.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon EventBridge","tagline":"A switchboard that routes \"something happened\" messages to whoever cares.","aliases":["EventBridge","EventBridge rule","EventBridge rules","EventBridge Scheduler","EventBridge Pipes","event bus","event buses","CloudWatch Events"],"imageAlt":"Events from an app, an AWS service and a SaaS tool enter an event bus; rules route matching ones to Lambda, a queue and a workflow","lead":"Many systems are easier to build if parts announce what happened instead of calling each other directly. An order was placed, a file was uploaded, a server stopped. **EventBridge** is the AWS service that carries those announcements, called **events**: small JSON messages that go into an **event bus**.","analogy":"The announcements board of a building. Residents pin notices (\"water cut on Tuesday\") without knowing who will read them, and each neighbor has asked the concierge to alert them only about the kind of notice they care about.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-eventbridge/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-eventbridge/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon EventBridge","tagline":"Una central que reparte avisos de \"pasó algo\" a quien le interese.","aliases":["EventBridge","regla de EventBridge","reglas de EventBridge","EventBridge Scheduler","EventBridge Pipes","bus de eventos","buses de eventos","CloudWatch Events"],"imageAlt":"Eventos de una app, de un servicio de AWS y de una herramienta SaaS entran a un bus de eventos; las reglas mandan los que coinciden a Lambda, a una cola y a un flujo","lead":"Muchos sistemas son más fáciles de armar si las partes anuncian lo que pasó en vez de llamarse directamente entre sí. Entró un pedido, se subió un archivo, se paró un servidor. **EventBridge** es el servicio de AWS que transporta esos anuncios, llamados **eventos**: mensajes chiquitos en JSON que entran a un **bus de eventos**.","analogy":"La cartelera de un edificio. Los vecinos pegan avisos (\"el martes cortan el agua\") sin saber quién los va a leer, y cada uno le pidió al encargado que le avise solo del tipo de aviso que le interesa.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-eventbridge/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-eventbridge/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-amazon-lightsail","slug":"amazon-lightsail","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-amazon-lightsail.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon Lightsail","tagline":"The simple corner of AWS: a ready-made server for a flat monthly price.","aliases":["Lightsail","Lightsail instance","Lightsail instances"],"imageAlt":"A single box labeled with one monthly price bundles a server, a disk, data transfer and a fixed IP, running a WordPress site","lead":"**Lightsail** is AWS's answer for people who want one server and nothing more complicated. You pick a plan, pick what it should come with (plain Linux or Windows, or a ready-made setup like WordPress), and a minute later you have a running machine with a fixed IP address and a browser-based terminal. It is the AWS version of the classic \"virtual private server\" sold by hosting companies.","analogy":"A furnished studio with utilities included in the rent, instead of an apartment where you set up electricity, gas and internet one by one. Less flexible, but one bill and you move in today.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-lightsail/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-lightsail/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon Lightsail","tagline":"El rincón simple de AWS: un servidor listo por un precio mensual fijo.","aliases":["Lightsail","instancia de Lightsail","instancias de Lightsail"],"imageAlt":"Una sola caja con un precio mensual junta un servidor, un disco, transferencia de datos y una IP fija, corriendo un sitio WordPress","lead":"**Lightsail** es la respuesta de AWS para quien quiere un servidor y nada más complicado. Elegís un plan, elegís con qué viene (Linux o Windows pelado, o algo ya armado como WordPress), y en un minuto tenés una máquina andando con una dirección IP fija y una terminal en el navegador. Es la versión de AWS del clásico \"servidor privado virtual\" que venden las empresas de hosting.","analogy":"Un monoambiente amueblado con las expensas y los servicios incluidos, en vez de un departamento donde das de alta la luz, el gas e internet uno por uno. Menos flexible, pero una sola factura y te mudás hoy.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-lightsail/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-lightsail/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-amazon-opensearch-service","slug":"amazon-opensearch-service","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["aws","data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-amazon-opensearch-service.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon OpenSearch Service","tagline":"Managed search engine on AWS, for site search boxes and digging through logs.","aliases":["OpenSearch","Amazon OpenSearch","OpenSearch Service","OpenSearch Serverless","OpenSearch Dashboards","Amazon Elasticsearch Service"],"imageAlt":"Documents and logs go into an index that maps each word to the documents containing it; a search for one word returns ranked results","lead":"**OpenSearch** is an open source search and analytics engine, the technology behind the search box of many websites. **Amazon OpenSearch Service** runs it for you on AWS: you get a cluster that stays patched and backed up, and you send it documents to make searchable. It grew out of Elasticsearch, and the service was called Amazon Elasticsearch Service until 2021.","analogy":"The index at the back of a giant book. Instead of reading every page to find \"volcano\", you look it up and jump straight to pages 12, 87 and 341, the most relevant first.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-opensearch-service/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-opensearch-service/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon OpenSearch Service","tagline":"Un motor de búsqueda administrado en AWS, para buscadores de sitios y para revisar logs.","aliases":["OpenSearch","Amazon OpenSearch","OpenSearch Service","OpenSearch Serverless","OpenSearch Dashboards","Amazon Elasticsearch Service"],"imageAlt":"Documentos y logs entran a un índice que asocia cada palabra con los documentos que la contienen; una búsqueda de una palabra devuelve resultados ordenados","lead":"**OpenSearch** es un motor de búsqueda y análisis open source, la tecnología detrás del buscador de muchos sitios web. **Amazon OpenSearch Service** te lo corre en AWS: tenés un cluster que se mantiene actualizado y con backups, y le mandás documentos para que se puedan buscar. Nació de Elasticsearch, y el servicio se llamaba Amazon Elasticsearch Service hasta 2021.","analogy":"El índice al final de un libro gigante. En vez de leer cada página para encontrar \"volcán\", lo buscás y saltás directo a las páginas 12, 87 y 341, la más relevante primero.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-opensearch-service/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-opensearch-service/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-rds","slug":"amazon-rds","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-rds.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon RDS","tagline":"A ready-made relational database that AWS keeps patched, backed up and running.","aliases":["RDS","Amazon Aurora","Aurora"],"imageAlt":"An app talking SQL to a database cylinder, with a standby copy in another zone and a list of chores AWS handles","lead":"**RDS** (Relational database Service) gives you a database such as PostgreSQL, MySQL, MariaDB, SQL Server or Oracle without installing or maintaining it yourself. You choose the engine and the size, and AWS hands you an address and a password. Your app connects with SQL exactly as it would to a database on your own server.","analogy":"A rented office with cleaning, security and maintenance included. You bring your furniture (the data) and get to work; the landlord fixes the leaks and keeps a spare key in case you lose yours.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-rds/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-rds/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon RDS","tagline":"Una base de datos relacional lista para usar, que AWS mantiene parchada y respaldada.","aliases":["RDS","Amazon Aurora","Aurora"],"imageAlt":"Una app hablando SQL con un cilindro de base de datos, una copia en espera en otra zona y la lista de tareas que hace AWS","lead":"**RDS** (Relational Database Service) te da una base de datos como PostgreSQL, MySQL, MariaDB, SQL Server u Oracle sin que tengas que instalarla ni mantenerla. Elegís el motor y el tamaño, y AWS te entrega una dirección y una contraseña. Tu app se conecta con SQL exactamente igual que a una base en tu propio servidor.","analogy":"Una oficina alquilada con limpieza, seguridad y mantenimiento incluidos. Vos traés los muebles (los datos) y te ponés a trabajar; el dueño arregla las goteras y guarda una llave de repuesto por si perdés la tuya.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-rds/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-rds/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-amazon-redshift","slug":"amazon-redshift","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["aws","data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-amazon-redshift.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon Redshift","tagline":"AWS's data warehouse: SQL over huge tables, built for analysis rather than apps.","aliases":["Redshift","Redshift Serverless","Redshift Spectrum","Redshift cluster","Redshift clusters"],"imageAlt":"A SQL query enters a leader node that splits the work among three compute nodes, each storing columns of a table","lead":"**Redshift** is the data warehouse of AWS: a database designed to answer analytical questions over very large amounts of data, like \"revenue by country and month for the last five years\". You load data from your apps, Amazon S3 or other sources, and analysts query it with SQL, usually through a dashboard tool.","analogy":"A team of archivists, each holding one part of a huge archive, sorted by topic instead of by date. Ask a question and every archivist searches their part at the same time while a coordinator puts the pieces together.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-redshift/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-redshift/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon Redshift","tagline":"El data warehouse de AWS: SQL sobre tablas enormes, pensado para analizar, no para apps.","aliases":["Redshift","Redshift Serverless","Redshift Spectrum","cluster de Redshift","clusters de Redshift"],"imageAlt":"Una consulta SQL entra a un nodo líder que reparte el trabajo entre tres nodos de cómputo, cada uno guardando columnas de una tabla","lead":"**Redshift** es el data warehouse de AWS: una base de datos diseñada para responder preguntas de análisis sobre cantidades muy grandes de datos, como \"facturación por país y por mes de los últimos cinco años\". Cargás datos de tus apps, de Amazon S3 o de otras fuentes, y los analistas los consultan con SQL, casi siempre desde una herramienta de dashboards.","analogy":"Un equipo de archivistas, cada uno a cargo de una parte de un archivo enorme, ordenado por tema y no por fecha. Hacés una pregunta, todos buscan en su parte al mismo tiempo, y un coordinador arma la respuesta con los pedazos.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-redshift/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-redshift/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-route-53","slug":"amazon-route-53","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-route-53.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon Route 53","tagline":"AWS's DNS service: it turns your domain name into the address of your servers.","aliases":["Route 53","Route53"],"imageAlt":"A laptop asks Route 53 for a domain name and receives an IP address, then reaches the server","lead":"**Route 53** is the AWS service for DNS, the system that translates a name like `example.com` into an IP address. You register a domain or bring one, create a **hosted zone** for it, and add **records**: 'the website is at this CloudFront distribution', 'mail goes to this server', 'the API is at this load balancer'. When someone types your domain, Route 53 answers in a few milliseconds from servers spread around the world.","analogy":"A phone book that updates itself. You look up a name, it gives you the number, and if that line is down it quietly gives you the backup number instead.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-route-53/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-route-53/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon Route 53","tagline":"El DNS de AWS: convierte tu nombre de dominio en la dirección de tus servidores.","aliases":["Route 53","Route53"],"imageAlt":"Una laptop le pregunta a Route 53 por un nombre de dominio, recibe una dirección IP y llega al servidor","lead":"**Route 53** es el servicio de AWS para DNS, el sistema que traduce un nombre como `ejemplo.com` en una dirección IP. Registrás un dominio o traés uno, creás una **zona alojada** (hosted zone) y agregás **registros**: 'el sitio está en esta distribución de CloudFront', 'el mail va a este servidor', 'la API está en este balanceador'. Cuando alguien escribe tu dominio, Route 53 responde en pocos milisegundos desde servidores repartidos por el mundo.","analogy":"Una guía telefónica que se actualiza sola. Buscás un nombre, te da el número, y si esa línea está caída te da sin avisar el número de respaldo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-route-53/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-route-53/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-09-amazon-s3","slug":"amazon-s3","date":"2026-10-09","level":1,"subjects":["aws","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-09-amazon-s3.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon S3","tagline":"A giant online drawer for files, rented by the gigabyte.","aliases":["S3"],"imageAlt":"Buckets holding labeled files, reached from a laptop and a phone","lead":"**S3** (Simple Storage Service) is the AWS service for storing files of any size: photos, backups, videos, logs, website pages. You create a **bucket** (a named container) and put **objects** (files) inside it, each with a key that works like a file path.","analogy":"A self-storage facility with infinite units. You get a unit (bucket), you drop boxes in it (objects), each box has a label (key), and the facility is responsible for keeping the building standing.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-s3/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-s3/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon S3","tagline":"Un cajón gigante en internet para guardar archivos, alquilado por gigabyte.","aliases":["S3"],"imageAlt":"Baldes con archivos etiquetados, accedidos desde una laptop y un celular","lead":"**S3** (Simple Storage Service) es el servicio de AWS para guardar archivos de cualquier tamaño: fotos, backups, videos, logs, páginas de un sitio. Creás un **bucket** (un contenedor con nombre) y adentro ponés **objetos** (archivos), cada uno con una clave que funciona como una ruta.","analogy":"Un depósito de bauleras con unidades infinitas. Te dan una unidad (bucket), dejás cajas adentro (objetos), cada caja tiene una etiqueta (clave), y el depósito se encarga de que el edificio siga en pie.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-s3/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-s3/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-sagemaker","slug":"amazon-sagemaker","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["aws","ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-sagemaker.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon SageMaker","tagline":"The AWS workshop for building, training and serving machine learning models.","aliases":["SageMaker","SageMaker AI"],"imageAlt":"A pipeline from data in S3 to a training job on GPUs, a saved model, and an endpoint that an app calls","lead":"**Amazon SageMaker** is the AWS platform for the whole machine learning lifecycle: preparing data, writing and running notebooks, training a model on GPU machines, and deploying it as an endpoint your app can call. Each step is a managed piece. You say 'train this script on four GPU instances', SageMaker launches them, runs the job, saves the model to Amazon S3 and shuts the machines down.","analogy":"A fully equipped professional kitchen rented by the hour. The ovens (GPUs), the prep stations and the pass are already there; you bring the recipe and the ingredients (your data), and you stop paying when the dish is out.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-sagemaker/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-sagemaker/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon SageMaker","tagline":"El taller de AWS para armar, entrenar y servir modelos de machine learning.","aliases":["SageMaker","SageMaker AI"],"imageAlt":"Un recorrido desde datos en S3 hasta un entrenamiento en GPUs, un modelo guardado, y un endpoint al que llama una app","lead":"**Amazon SageMaker** es la plataforma de AWS para todo el ciclo de vida del machine learning: preparar datos, escribir y correr notebooks, entrenar un modelo en máquinas con GPU, y desplegarlo como un endpoint al que tu app puede llamar. Cada paso es una pieza administrada. Decís 'entrená este script en cuatro instancias con GPU', SageMaker las levanta, corre el trabajo, guarda el modelo en Amazon S3 y apaga las máquinas.","analogy":"Una cocina profesional totalmente equipada que alquilás por hora. Los hornos (GPUs), las mesadas y la ventana de despacho ya están; vos traés la receta y los ingredientes (tus datos), y dejás de pagar cuando el plato salió.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-sagemaker/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-sagemaker/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-sns","slug":"amazon-sns","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-sns.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon SNS","tagline":"One message in, many copies out: a megaphone for systems.","aliases":["SNS","Simple Notification Service","SNS topic","SNS topics"],"imageAlt":"One message entering a topic and copies fanning out to a function, a queue, an email and a phone","lead":"**Amazon SNS** (Simple Notification Service) is a publish/subscribe service. You create a **topic**, several subscribers sign up to it, and every message published to the topic is delivered to all of them at once. A subscriber can be an AWS Lambda function, an Amazon SQS queue, an HTTPS endpoint, an email address or a phone number (SMS).","analogy":"A WhatsApp broadcast list. You write the message once; every contact on the list gets their own copy and does whatever they want with it.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-sns/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-sns/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon SNS","tagline":"Entra un mensaje, salen muchas copias: un megáfono para sistemas.","aliases":["SNS","Simple Notification Service","tema SNS","temas SNS"],"imageAlt":"Un mensaje entrando a un topic y copias saliendo hacia una función, una cola, un email y un celular","lead":"**Amazon SNS** (Simple Notification Service) es un servicio de publicación y suscripción. Creás un **topic**, varios suscriptores se anotan, y cada mensaje que se publica en el topic les llega a todos a la vez. Un suscriptor puede ser una función AWS Lambda, una cola de Amazon SQS, un endpoint HTTPS, una dirección de email o un número de teléfono (SMS).","analogy":"Una lista de difusión de WhatsApp. Escribís el mensaje una vez; cada contacto de la lista recibe su propia copia y hace con ella lo que quiera.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-sns/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-sns/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-sqs","slug":"amazon-sqs","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-sqs.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon SQS","tagline":"A waiting line for messages between programs, so none of them gets lost.","aliases":["SQS","Simple Queue Service","SQS queue","SQS queues"],"imageAlt":"A producer dropping messages into a queue and a consumer picking them up one at a time","lead":"**Amazon SQS** (Simple Queue Service) is a managed message queue. One program (the producer) drops messages into the queue; another (the consumer) picks them up when it is ready. The two never talk directly and do not even need to be running at the same time.","analogy":"The number dispenser at a deli counter. Customers take a ticket and wait; the staff calls the next number when free. Nobody gets lost, even when the line is long.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-sqs/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-sqs/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon SQS","tagline":"Una fila de espera para mensajes entre programas, para que ninguno se pierda.","aliases":["SQS","Simple Queue Service","cola SQS","colas SQS"],"imageAlt":"Un productor dejando mensajes en una cola y un consumidor tomándolos de a uno","lead":"**Amazon SQS** (Simple Queue Service) es una cola de mensajes administrada. Un programa (el productor) deja mensajes en la cola; otro (el consumidor) los va tomando cuando está listo. Los dos nunca hablan directamente y ni siquiera necesitan estar corriendo al mismo tiempo.","analogy":"El dispensador de números de una fiambrería. Cada cliente saca un ticket y espera; el empleado llama al siguiente cuando se desocupa. Nadie se pierde, aunque la fila sea larga.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-sqs/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-sqs/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-amazon-vpc","slug":"amazon-vpc","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["aws","networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-amazon-vpc.svg","en":{"title":"Amazon VPC","tagline":"Your own private slice of the AWS network, with walls you draw yourself.","aliases":["VPC","VPCs","Virtual Private Cloud"],"imageAlt":"A dashed box labeled VPC with a public subnet reachable from the internet and a private subnet holding a database","lead":"**Amazon VPC** (Virtual Private Cloud) is the service that gives you an isolated network inside AWS. Everything you launch, an Amazon EC2 server, an Amazon RDS database, a container, lives inside a VPC, with its own range of private IP addresses that nobody else on AWS can reach.","analogy":"An empty office building you rent. You decide which floors have a street entrance, which are staff-only, and which doors need a key card.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-vpc/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-vpc/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Amazon VPC","tagline":"Tu propio pedazo privado de la red de AWS, con paredes que dibujás vos.","aliases":["VPC","VPCs","Virtual Private Cloud"],"imageAlt":"Un recuadro punteado llamado VPC con una subred pública accesible desde internet y una subred privada con una base de datos","lead":"**Amazon VPC** (Virtual Private Cloud) es el servicio que te da una red aislada adentro de AWS. Todo lo que lanzás, un servidor Amazon EC2, una base Amazon RDS, un contenedor, vive dentro de una VPC, con su propio rango de direcciones IP privadas al que nadie más en AWS puede llegar.","analogy":"Un edificio de oficinas que alquilás vacío. Vos decidís qué pisos tienen entrada desde la calle, cuáles son solo para el personal y qué puertas piden tarjeta.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-vpc/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amazon-vpc/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-amd","slug":"amd","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-amd.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"AMD","tagline":"The chip designer that competes with Intel in CPUs and with NVIDIA in GPUs.","aliases":["Advanced Micro Devices"],"imageAlt":"An AMD design desk sends a blueprint to a factory, which returns two kinds of chips: CPUs and GPUs","lead":"**AMD** (Advanced Micro Devices) designs both main kinds of processors. Its CPUs are sold as Ryzen for PCs and EPYC for servers; its GPUs as Radeon for gaming and Instinct for AI data centers. It also designs the custom chips inside the PlayStation and Xbox consoles. For most of its history it was the smaller alternative to Intel in x86 processors, the instruction set both companies have the rights to make.","analogy":"An architecture studio that draws excellent buildings and hires the best construction company in the world to build them, instead of keeping its own cranes.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amd/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amd/index.md"},"es":{"title":"AMD","tagline":"La diseñadora de chips que compite con Intel en CPUs y con NVIDIA en GPUs.","aliases":["Advanced Micro Devices"],"imageAlt":"Un escritorio de diseño de AMD manda un plano a una fábrica, que devuelve dos tipos de chips: CPUs y GPUs","lead":"**AMD** (Advanced Micro Devices) diseña los dos grandes tipos de procesadores. Sus CPUs se venden como Ryzen para PCs y EPYC para servidores; sus GPUs como Radeon para juegos e Instinct para data centers de IA. También diseña los chips a medida que llevan adentro las consolas PlayStation y Xbox. Durante casi toda su historia fue la alternativa más chica a Intel en procesadores x86, el set de instrucciones que las dos empresas tienen derecho a fabricar.","analogy":"Un estudio de arquitectura que dibuja edificios excelentes y contrata a la mejor constructora del mundo para levantarlos, en vez de tener sus propias grúas.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amd/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/amd/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-anthropic","slug":"anthropic","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["companies","ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-anthropic.svg","en":{"title":"Anthropic","tagline":"The AI company behind Claude, built around making models safe and useful.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"A model labeled Claude at the center, arrows to an app, an API and a terminal, and a shield labeled safety research underneath","lead":"**Anthropic** is an AI company based in San Francisco, founded in 2021 by a group of researchers who left OpenAI, among them the siblings Dario and Daniela Amodei. It builds **Claude**, a family of large language models, and safety is its stated reason to exist: the founders' bet is that powerful AI is coming either way, and that it is better to have safety-focused labs at the frontier than to leave it to others.","analogy":"A pharmaceutical lab that makes the drug and also runs the trials on its side effects. Anthropic sells Claude and spends much of its effort studying what could go wrong with models like it.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/anthropic/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/anthropic/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Anthropic","tagline":"La empresa de IA detrás de Claude, armada alrededor de hacer modelos seguros y útiles.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"Un modelo llamado Claude en el centro, flechas hacia una app, una API y una terminal, y un escudo que dice investigación en seguridad debajo","lead":"**Anthropic** es una empresa de IA con sede en San Francisco, fundada en 2021 por un grupo de investigadores que se fueron de OpenAI, entre ellos los hermanos Dario y Daniela Amodei. Construye **Claude**, una familia de modelos de lenguaje grandes, y la seguridad es su razón de ser declarada: la apuesta de los fundadores es que la IA potente viene de todas formas, y que es mejor tener laboratorios enfocados en seguridad en la frontera que dejársela a otros.","analogy":"Un laboratorio farmacéutico que fabrica el remedio y además hace los ensayos sobre sus efectos secundarios. Anthropic vende Claude y dedica buena parte de su esfuerzo a estudiar qué podría salir mal con modelos como ese.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/anthropic/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/anthropic/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-antivirus","slug":"antivirus","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-antivirus.svg","en":{"title":"Antivirus","tagline":"A program that watches your files and apps and blocks the ones known to be harmful.","aliases":["antivirus software","anti-virus","antimalware","anti-malware"],"imageAlt":"Three files pass through a magnifying glass labeled scan; the clean ones go to a green box marked allowed and the pink suspicious one ends up in quarantine","lead":"An **antivirus** is software that checks what arrives on and runs on your computer or phone, looking for malware: viruses, ransomware, spyware and the like. It scans files when you download or open them, and when it finds something dangerous it blocks it or moves it to **quarantine**, a locked area where it cannot run, so you can delete it or restore it if it was a false alarm.","analogy":"A security guard at a building entrance with a board of wanted photos. He stops anyone who matches, and also watches for people acting strangely in the corridors, but a well disguised newcomer can still get through.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/antivirus/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/antivirus/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Antivirus","tagline":"Un programa que vigila tus archivos y apps y bloquea los que se sabe que son dañinos.","aliases":["software antivirus","antimalware"],"imageAlt":"Tres archivos pasan por una lupa que dice scan; los limpios van a una caja verde marcada allowed y el rosa sospechoso termina en quarantine (cuarentena)","lead":"Un **antivirus** es un software que revisa lo que llega y lo que se ejecuta en tu computadora o tu celular, buscando malware: virus, ransomware, spyware y parientes. Analiza los archivos cuando los descargás o los abrís, y cuando encuentra algo peligroso lo bloquea o lo manda a **cuarentena**, un rincón cerrado donde no puede ejecutarse, para que lo borres o lo recuperes si era una falsa alarma.","analogy":"Un guardia en la entrada de un edificio con un tablero de fotos de buscados. Frena a cualquiera que coincida y además mira si alguien se comporta raro en los pasillos, pero un recién llegado bien disfrazado igual puede colarse.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/antivirus/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/antivirus/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-apache-spark","slug":"apache-spark","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-apache-spark.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Apache Spark","tagline":"An open source engine that splits work on huge datasets across many machines.","aliases":["Spark","PySpark","Spark SQL"],"imageAlt":"A driver splits a big dataset into partitions, hands them to four workers that process them in parallel, and combines their results","lead":"**Apache Spark** is an open source engine for processing data that is too big, or too slow, for one computer. You describe what you want (read these files, filter, join, group, write the result) and Spark splits the data into **partitions**, sends them to many machines in a cluster, runs the steps in parallel and gathers the answer. You can write it in SQL (**Spark SQL**), Python (**PySpark**), Scala, Java or R.","analogy":"Counting all the votes of a country. One person would take months; instead, each polling station counts its own box at the same time and phones the total to a central office that adds them up. Spark is the system that organizes the stations and the phone calls.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/apache-spark/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/apache-spark/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Apache Spark","tagline":"Un motor open source que reparte el trabajo con datos enormes entre muchas máquinas.","aliases":["Spark","PySpark","Spark SQL"],"imageAlt":"Un driver divide un conjunto de datos grande en particiones, se las reparte a cuatro workers que las procesan en paralelo y junta los resultados","lead":"**Apache Spark** es un motor open source para procesar datos que son demasiado grandes, o demasiado lentos, para una sola computadora. Vos describís lo que querés (leé estos archivos, filtrá, juntá, agrupá, escribí el resultado) y Spark divide los datos en **particiones**, las manda a muchas máquinas de un cluster, corre los pasos en paralelo y junta la respuesta. Se puede escribir en SQL (**Spark SQL**), Python (**PySpark**), Scala, Java o R.","analogy":"Contar los votos de todo un país. Una sola persona tardaría meses; en cambio, cada mesa cuenta su urna al mismo tiempo y le pasa el total a un centro que suma todo. Spark es el sistema que organiza las mesas y las llamadas.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/apache-spark/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/apache-spark/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-11-api","slug":"api","date":"2026-10-11","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-11-api.svg","en":{"title":"API","tagline":"The menu of things one program lets another program ask for.","aliases":["APIs"],"imageAlt":"An app sending a request through a counter window and getting a response back","lead":"An **API** (Application Programming Interface) is a set of rules for how two programs talk. One side publishes what you can ask for and in what format; the other side sends requests and gets answers. You never see the kitchen, only the menu and the dishes.","analogy":"A restaurant counter. You do not walk into the kitchen; you order from the menu, in the restaurant's language, and your plate comes out the window.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/api/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/api/index.md"},"es":{"title":"API","tagline":"El menú de cosas que un programa le deja pedir a otro programa.","aliases":["APIs"],"imageAlt":"Una app mandando un pedido por una ventanilla y recibiendo una respuesta","lead":"Una **API** (Application Programming Interface) es un conjunto de reglas para que dos programas se hablen. Un lado publica qué se puede pedir y en qué formato; el otro manda pedidos y recibe respuestas. Nunca ves la cocina, solo el menú y los platos.","analogy":"El mostrador de un restaurante. No entrás a la cocina: pedís del menú, en el idioma del restaurante, y el plato sale por la ventanilla.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/api/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/api/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-api-key","slug":"api-key","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["security","software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-api-key.svg","en":{"title":"API key","tagline":"A secret string that identifies your app when it calls someone else's API.","aliases":["API keys","API token","API tokens"],"imageAlt":"An app sends a request with a secret key in its header; the API checks the key, knows which account is calling, and counts the usage toward its bill","lead":"An **API key** is a long, random-looking string, something like `sk_live_4f9a…`, that a service gives you so your program can use its API. Every request your code sends includes the key, usually in a header, and the service uses it to know who is calling: which account to bill, which limits apply and what that caller is allowed to do.","analogy":"Like the badge a contractor gets at an office building. It opens the doors they need and logs every entry under their company's name, so if they lose it, you deactivate it and print a new one.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/api-key/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/api-key/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Clave de API","tagline":"Un texto secreto que identifica a tu app cuando llama a la API de otro.","aliases":["API key","API keys","claves de API","clave API","token de API","tokens de API"],"imageAlt":"Una app manda un pedido con una clave secreta en el encabezado; la API revisa la clave, sabe qué cuenta está llamando y suma el uso a su factura","lead":"Una **clave de API** (API key) es un texto largo, con pinta de aleatorio, algo como `sk_live_4f9a…`, que un servicio te da para que tu programa use su API. Cada pedido que manda tu código incluye la clave, casi siempre en un encabezado, y el servicio la usa para saber quién llama: a qué cuenta facturar, qué límites aplican y qué puede hacer ese llamador.","analogy":"Como la credencial que recibe un proveedor en un edificio de oficinas. Abre las puertas que necesita y registra cada entrada a nombre de su empresa; si la pierde, la das de baja e imprimís una nueva.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/api-key/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/api-key/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-apple","slug":"apple","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-apple.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Apple","tagline":"The company that sells the iPhone and the Mac, plus the services that run on them.","aliases":["Apple Inc.","Apple silicon"],"imageAlt":"A phone, a laptop, a tablet and a watch all connect to one account in the middle that holds the app store, cloud storage and music; below, a chip designed by Apple and made by TSMC","lead":"**Apple** was founded in 1976 by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak in California, and its first business was personal computers. Today it is best known for the **iPhone**, launched in 2007, which is still the product that brings in the most money. Around it sit the Mac, the iPad, the Apple Watch and AirPods, all designed in Cupertino and assembled by partner factories, mostly in Asia.","analogy":"A furniture brand that also owns the house it fits in. Each piece is designed to match the others and the rooms, so everything works smoothly together, and moving one piece to another house is more trouble than it seems.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/apple/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/apple/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Apple","tagline":"La empresa que vende el iPhone y la Mac, más los servicios que corren encima.","aliases":["Apple Inc.","Apple silicon"],"imageAlt":"Un celular, una notebook, una tablet y un reloj se conectan a una sola cuenta en el medio que tiene la tienda de apps, el almacenamiento en la nube y la música; abajo, un chip diseñado por Apple y fabricado por TSMC","lead":"**Apple** la fundaron en 1976 Steve Jobs y Steve Wozniak en California, y su primer negocio fueron las computadoras personales. Hoy se la conoce sobre todo por el **iPhone**, lanzado en 2007, que sigue siendo el producto que más plata le deja. Alrededor están la Mac, el iPad, el Apple Watch y los AirPods, todos diseñados en Cupertino y armados por fábricas asociadas, en su mayoría en Asia.","analogy":"Una marca de muebles que además es dueña de la casa donde van. Cada pieza está pensada para combinar con las otras y con los ambientes, así todo funciona bien junto, y llevarse un mueble a otra casa da más trabajo del que parece.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/apple/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/apple/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-arm","slug":"arm","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["companies","hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-arm.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Arm","tagline":"The British company that designs the processor blueprints inside almost every phone.","aliases":["Arm Holdings","ARM","ARM architecture"],"imageAlt":"An Arm blueprint is licensed to several chipmakers, whose chips end up in a phone, a laptop and a server","lead":"**Arm** (Arm Holdings) designs processor architectures and licenses them; it does not manufacture or sell chips. Its product is intellectual property: the **ARM architecture**, the instruction set a processor understands, and ready-made CPU core designs. Companies like Apple, Qualcomm, Samsung and MediaTek pay Arm for a license, build their own chips with it, and have them manufactured by a foundry such as TSMC.","analogy":"A company that writes the rules of a language and sells dictionaries. It never writes the books itself, but almost every author in a huge market writes in its language and pays a little for each copy sold.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/arm/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/arm/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Arm","tagline":"La empresa británica que diseña los planos del procesador de casi todos los celulares.","aliases":["Arm Holdings","ARM","arquitectura ARM"],"imageAlt":"Un plano de Arm se licencia a varios fabricantes de chips, cuyos chips terminan en un celular, una notebook y un servidor","lead":"**Arm** (Arm Holdings) diseña arquitecturas de procesadores y las licencia; no fabrica ni vende chips. Su producto es propiedad intelectual: la **arquitectura ARM**, el set de instrucciones que entiende un procesador, y diseños de núcleos de CPU listos para usar. Empresas como Apple, Qualcomm, Samsung y MediaTek le pagan a Arm una licencia, arman sus propios chips con eso y los mandan a fabricar a una foundry como TSMC.","analogy":"Una empresa que escribe las reglas de un idioma y vende diccionarios. Nunca escribe los libros, pero casi todos los autores de un mercado enorme escriben en su idioma y le pagan un poquito por cada ejemplar vendido.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/arm/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/arm/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-artificial-intelligence","slug":"artificial-intelligence","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-artificial-intelligence.svg","en":{"title":"Artificial intelligence","tagline":"Getting computers to do things that, until recently, only people could do.","aliases":["AI"],"imageAlt":"Nested ovals: artificial intelligence on the outside, machine learning inside it, deep learning inside that, and generative AI at the center","lead":"**Artificial intelligence** (AI) is the broad name for building computer systems that do tasks we associate with human thinking: understanding language, recognizing faces, translating, playing chess, writing a summary, spotting a tumor in a scan. The term was coined in 1956, at a summer workshop at Dartmouth College, and the field has gone through several waves of excitement and disappointment since.","analogy":"AI is a word like 'medicine': it names a whole field, not one pill. Machine learning, chatbots and face recognition are specific treatments inside it, each good for some things and useless for others.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/artificial-intelligence/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/artificial-intelligence/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Inteligencia artificial","tagline":"Lograr que las computadoras hagan cosas que hasta hace poco solo hacía la gente.","aliases":["IA","AI"],"imageAlt":"Óvalos uno dentro de otro: inteligencia artificial afuera, machine learning adentro, deep learning más adentro y la IA generativa en el centro","lead":"La **inteligencia artificial** (IA) es el nombre amplio para construir sistemas que hacen tareas que asociamos con el pensamiento humano: entender lenguaje, reconocer caras, traducir, jugar al ajedrez, escribir un resumen, detectar un tumor en una tomografía. El término nació en 1956, en un taller de verano en Dartmouth College, y desde entonces el campo pasó por varias olas de entusiasmo y de desilusión.","analogy":"IA es una palabra como 'medicina': nombra un campo entero, no una pastilla. El machine learning, los chatbots y el reconocimiento facial son tratamientos puntuales dentro de ese campo, cada uno sirve para algunas cosas y no para otras.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/artificial-intelligence/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/artificial-intelligence/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-asml","slug":"asml","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["companies","hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-asml.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"ASML","tagline":"The Dutch company that builds the machines every advanced chip factory depends on.","aliases":["ASML Holding","EUV lithography"],"imageAlt":"A large lithography machine shines light through a mask with a circuit pattern onto a silicon wafer covered in chips","lead":"**ASML** is a Dutch company that builds **lithography** machines: the equipment that prints circuit patterns onto silicon wafers. Making a chip involves many steps, but lithography decides how small the transistors can be. The machine shines light through a mask holding the circuit's pattern, shrinks it with optics and projects it onto the wafer, layer after layer.","analogy":"The only maker of the printing presses fine enough to print the smallest letters in the world. Authors and printers compete fiercely, but all of them buy their presses from the same workshop.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/asml/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/asml/index.md"},"es":{"title":"ASML","tagline":"La empresa holandesa que hace las máquinas de las que dependen las fábricas de chips.","aliases":["ASML Holding","litografía EUV"],"imageAlt":"Una máquina de litografía grande proyecta luz a través de una máscara con un circuito sobre una oblea de silicio llena de chips","lead":"**ASML** es una empresa holandesa que fabrica máquinas de **litografía**: los equipos que imprimen los patrones de los circuitos sobre las obleas de silicio. Hacer un chip lleva muchos pasos, pero la litografía es la que define qué tan chicos pueden ser los transistores. La máquina proyecta luz a través de una máscara que tiene el dibujo del circuito, lo achica con óptica y lo proyecta sobre la oblea, capa tras capa.","analogy":"El único fabricante de imprentas tan finas como para imprimir las letras más chicas del mundo. Autores e imprentas compiten a muerte, pero todos le compran las máquinas al mismo taller.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/asml/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/asml/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-autoscaling","slug":"autoscaling","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-autoscaling.svg","en":{"title":"Autoscaling","tagline":"Adding and removing servers automatically as demand goes up and down.","aliases":["auto scaling","auto-scaling","Auto Scaling group","Auto Scaling groups","scale out","scale in"],"imageAlt":"A traffic curve rises and falls during the day, and the number of servers below it grows from two to five at the peak and shrinks back","lead":"**Autoscaling** is a cloud feature that changes the number of servers running an application on its own, based on how busy it is. When traffic rises, it adds copies (**scaling out**); when traffic falls, it removes them (**scaling in**). A load balancer in front spreads requests across whatever copies exist at the moment.","analogy":"A supermarket that opens more checkouts when the lines get long and closes them when the store empties. Customers never wait too long, and the store does not pay cashiers to stand at empty tills.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/autoscaling/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/autoscaling/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Autoescalado","tagline":"Sumar y sacar servidores en forma automática a medida que sube y baja la demanda.","aliases":["autoscaling","auto scaling","escalado automático","Auto Scaling group"],"imageAlt":"Una curva de tráfico sube y baja durante el día, y la cantidad de servidores debajo crece de dos a cinco en el pico y vuelve a bajar","lead":"El **autoescalado** (autoscaling) es una función de la nube que cambia sola la cantidad de servidores que corren una aplicación, según qué tan ocupada esté. Cuando sube el tráfico, agrega copias (**escalar hacia afuera**, scale out); cuando baja, las saca (**escalar hacia adentro**, scale in). Un balanceador de carga adelante reparte los pedidos entre las copias que haya en cada momento.","analogy":"Un supermercado que abre más cajas cuando las filas se alargan y las cierra cuando el local se vacía. Nadie espera demasiado, y el súper no le paga a cajeros para que miren cajas vacías.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/autoscaling/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/autoscaling/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-aws-account-and-billing","slug":"aws-account-and-billing","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-aws-account-and-billing.svg","en":{"title":"AWS account and billing","tagline":"What an AWS account is, how you get charged, and how to avoid a surprise bill.","aliases":["AWS account","AWS accounts","AWS bill","AWS billing","Free Tier"],"imageAlt":"An account card with metered services inside and a monthly invoice next to it","lead":"An **AWS account** is the container for everything you create in AWS: it has a twelve-digit id, an email, a **root user** that can do anything, and one monthly bill. Companies usually have many accounts (one per team or per environment, like test and production) grouped under AWS Organizations, so a mistake in one does not touch the others and each one's cost is visible on its own.","analogy":"A utility bill, electricity rather than rent. Nobody asks for a deposit, every outlet has its own meter, and the bill at the end of the month depends on what you left switched on.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-account-and-billing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-account-and-billing/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Cuenta y facturación de AWS","tagline":"Qué es una cuenta de AWS, cómo te cobran, y cómo evitar una factura sorpresa.","aliases":["cuenta de AWS","cuentas de AWS","factura de AWS","facturación de AWS","capa gratuita","Free Tier"],"imageAlt":"Una tarjeta de cuenta con servicios medidos adentro y una factura mensual al lado","lead":"Una **cuenta de AWS** es el contenedor de todo lo que creás en AWS: tiene un id de doce dígitos, un mail, un **usuario root** que puede hacer cualquier cosa, y una factura mensual. Las empresas suelen tener muchas cuentas (una por equipo o por entorno, como pruebas y producción) agrupadas bajo AWS Organizations, para que un error en una no toque a las otras y el costo de cada una se vea por separado.","analogy":"Una boleta de servicios, más la luz que el alquiler. Nadie te pide depósito, cada enchufe tiene su propio medidor, y la factura de fin de mes depende de lo que dejaste prendido.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-account-and-billing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-account-and-billing/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-aws-amplify","slug":"aws-amplify","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-aws-amplify.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"AWS Amplify","tagline":"A shortcut for building and publishing web and mobile apps on AWS.","aliases":["Amplify","Amplify Hosting","AWS Amplify Hosting"],"imageAlt":"Code pushed to a git repository flows into Amplify, which builds it and publishes a live website, with login, data and file storage attached","lead":"**AWS Amplify** is a set of tools for people who want to build an app, not learn fifty AWS services first. It covers the two halves of a typical web or mobile app: putting the frontend online, and giving it a backend with sign-in, a database and file uploads.","analogy":"A furnished apartment instead of an empty plot of land. You move in and start living right away; the wiring and plumbing are already there, even if you cannot easily move the walls.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-amplify/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-amplify/index.md"},"es":{"title":"AWS Amplify","tagline":"Un atajo para armar y publicar apps web y móviles en AWS.","aliases":["Amplify","Amplify Hosting","AWS Amplify Hosting"],"imageAlt":"Código subido a un repositorio git pasa a Amplify, que lo compila y publica un sitio en vivo, con login, datos y archivos conectados","lead":"**AWS Amplify** es un conjunto de herramientas para quien quiere hacer una app, no aprender primero cincuenta servicios de AWS. Cubre las dos mitades de una app web o móvil típica: poner el frontend en línea, y darle un backend con inicio de sesión, base de datos y subida de archivos.","analogy":"Un departamento amueblado en vez de un terreno vacío. Te mudás y empezás a vivir enseguida; la instalación eléctrica y la plomería ya están, aunque mover las paredes no sea tan fácil.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-amplify/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-amplify/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-aws-backup","slug":"aws-backup","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-aws-backup.svg","en":{"title":"AWS Backup","tagline":"One place to schedule, keep and restore backups of your AWS data.","aliases":["backup plan","backup plans","backup vault","backup vaults","AWS Backup Vault Lock"],"imageAlt":"A backup plan with a clock copies a disk, a database and a file system every night into a locked vault, with a second copy in another Region","lead":"Each AWS storage service has its own way of taking snapshots: Amazon EBS disks, Amazon RDS databases, Amazon DynamoDB tables, file systems, S3 buckets. **AWS Backup** puts them all under one roof, so instead of remembering a dozen different settings, you write one set of rules and see every backup in a single console.","analogy":"A building's caretaker who, every night, photocopies the important papers of every office, files the copies in a fireproof safe across town, and has a rule that nothing in that safe can be shredded before its date.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-backup/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-backup/index.md"},"es":{"title":"AWS Backup","tagline":"Un solo lugar para programar, guardar y restaurar backups de tus datos en AWS.","aliases":["plan de backup","planes de backup","backup vault","backup vaults","AWS Backup Vault Lock"],"imageAlt":"Un plan de backup con un reloj copia cada noche un disco, una base de datos y un sistema de archivos a una bóveda cerrada, con una segunda copia en otra región","lead":"Cada servicio de almacenamiento de AWS tiene su propia forma de sacar snapshots: los discos de Amazon EBS, las bases de Amazon RDS, las tablas de Amazon DynamoDB, los sistemas de archivos, los buckets de S3. **AWS Backup** los junta bajo un mismo techo, así en vez de acordarte de una docena de configuraciones distintas, escribís un solo juego de reglas y ves todos los backups en una sola consola.","analogy":"El encargado de un edificio que todas las noches fotocopia los papeles importantes de cada oficina, guarda las copias en una caja fuerte ignífuga en la otra punta de la ciudad, y tiene una regla: nada de esa caja se puede triturar antes de su fecha.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-backup/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-backup/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-aws-cdk","slug":"aws-cdk","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["aws","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-aws-cdk.svg","en":{"title":"AWS CDK","tagline":"Describe your AWS infrastructure in a real programming language instead of YAML.","aliases":["CDK","AWS Cloud Development Kit","Cloud Development Kit","CDK app","CDK apps","CDK construct","CDK constructs"],"imageAlt":"A few lines of TypeScript become, after cdk synth, a long CloudFormation template, which cdk deploy turns into a bucket, a function and a queue","lead":"**AWS CDK** (Cloud Development Kit) is an infrastructure as code tool where you describe servers, buckets, queues and permissions in TypeScript, Python, Java, C# or Go. Under the hood it does not talk to AWS directly: it **synthesizes** your program into an AWS CloudFormation template, and CloudFormation creates or updates the resources. The two key commands are `cdk synth`, which produces the template, and `cdk deploy`, which applies it.","analogy":"Building with prefabricated modules instead of drawing every brick. You say \"a kitchen here\" and the module arrives with plumbing and wiring already done; the city still inspects the final blueprint, which in this case is CloudFormation.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-cdk/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-cdk/index.md"},"es":{"title":"AWS CDK","tagline":"Describir tu infraestructura de AWS en un lenguaje de programación real, no en YAML.","aliases":["CDK","AWS Cloud Development Kit","Cloud Development Kit","app de CDK","apps de CDK","construct de CDK","constructs de CDK"],"imageAlt":"Unas pocas líneas de TypeScript se convierten, con cdk synth, en una plantilla larga de CloudFormation, que cdk deploy transforma en un bucket, una función y una cola","lead":"**AWS CDK** (Cloud Development Kit) es una herramienta de infraestructura como código donde describís servidores, buckets, colas y permisos en TypeScript, Python, Java, C# o Go. Por debajo no le habla directo a AWS: **sintetiza** tu programa en una plantilla de AWS CloudFormation, y CloudFormation crea o actualiza los recursos. Los dos comandos clave son `cdk synth`, que genera la plantilla, y `cdk deploy`, que la aplica.","analogy":"Construir con módulos prefabricados en vez de dibujar cada ladrillo. Decís \"acá va una cocina\" y el módulo llega con la plomería y la electricidad hechas; la municipalidad igual revisa el plano final, que en este caso es CloudFormation.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-cdk/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-cdk/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-aws-cloudformation","slug":"aws-cloudformation","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["aws","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-aws-cloudformation.svg","en":{"title":"AWS CloudFormation","tagline":"Describe your AWS infrastructure in a text file; AWS builds it exactly like that.","aliases":["CloudFormation","CloudFormation stack","CloudFormation stacks","CloudFormation template","CloudFormation templates"],"imageAlt":"A template file with a few YAML lines, an arrow labeled deploy, and a stack containing a bucket, a function and a table","lead":"**AWS CloudFormation** is the AWS service for infrastructure as code. Instead of clicking through the console to create a VPC, two servers, a database and the permissions between them, you write a **template** (a YAML or JSON file) that lists those resources and their settings. You hand the template to CloudFormation and it creates everything, in the right order, as a **stack**.","analogy":"A LEGO instruction booklet. Anyone with the booklet builds the same model, and when you want a second one you do not design it again, you follow the booklet.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-cloudformation/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-cloudformation/index.md"},"es":{"title":"AWS CloudFormation","tagline":"Describís tu infraestructura de AWS en un archivo de texto y AWS la construye tal cual.","aliases":["CloudFormation","stack de CloudFormation","stacks de CloudFormation","plantilla de CloudFormation","plantillas de CloudFormation"],"imageAlt":"Un archivo de plantilla con unas líneas de YAML, una flecha que dice deploy, y un stack con un bucket, una función y una tabla","lead":"**AWS CloudFormation** es el servicio de AWS para infraestructura como código. En vez de ir clickeando en la consola para crear una VPC, dos servidores, una base de datos y los permisos entre ellos, escribís una **plantilla** (un archivo YAML o JSON) que lista esos recursos y su configuración. Le entregás la plantilla a CloudFormation y crea todo, en el orden correcto, como un **stack**.","analogy":"El manual de instrucciones de un LEGO. Cualquiera con el manual arma el mismo modelo, y cuando querés un segundo no lo diseñás de nuevo, seguís el manual.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-cloudformation/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-cloudformation/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-aws-cloudtrail","slug":"aws-cloudtrail","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["aws","security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-aws-cloudtrail.svg","en":{"title":"AWS CloudTrail","tagline":"The logbook of an AWS account: who did what, when, and from where.","aliases":["CloudTrail","CloudTrail log","CloudTrail logs","CloudTrail event","CloudTrail events","CloudTrail Lake"],"imageAlt":"A person and a script make calls to AWS; each call becomes a line in a logbook listing who, what, when and from where","lead":"Everything that happens in AWS, whether someone clicks in the console, a script runs a command or a service acts on its own, is an API call. **CloudTrail** records those calls. Each **event** says who made it (which user or role), what they did (`DeleteBucket`, `RunInstances`), on which resource, when, from which IP address, and whether it succeeded.","analogy":"The visitor log and the security cameras of a building, combined. Every door opened is written down with a name and a time, so when something goes missing you can rewind and see who was there.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-cloudtrail/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-cloudtrail/index.md"},"es":{"title":"AWS CloudTrail","tagline":"El libro de registro de una cuenta de AWS: quién hizo qué, cuándo y desde dónde.","aliases":["CloudTrail","log de CloudTrail","logs de CloudTrail","evento de CloudTrail","eventos de CloudTrail","CloudTrail Lake"],"imageAlt":"Una persona y un script hacen llamadas a AWS; cada llamada se convierte en una línea de un libro de registro con quién, qué, cuándo y desde dónde","lead":"Todo lo que pasa en AWS, ya sea que alguien haga clic en la consola, que un script corra un comando o que un servicio actúe solo, es una llamada a una API. **CloudTrail** registra esas llamadas. Cada **evento** dice quién la hizo (qué usuario o rol), qué hizo (`DeleteBucket`, `RunInstances`), sobre qué recurso, cuándo, desde qué dirección IP, y si salió bien.","analogy":"El libro de visitas y las cámaras de seguridad de un edificio, juntos. Cada puerta que se abre queda anotada con nombre y hora, así que cuando falta algo podés rebobinar y ver quién estuvo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-cloudtrail/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-cloudtrail/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-aws-glue","slug":"aws-glue","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["aws","data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-aws-glue.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"AWS Glue","tagline":"AWS's service for finding, describing and cleaning up data, with no servers to run.","aliases":["Glue","Glue Data Catalog","AWS Glue Data Catalog","Glue crawler","Glue crawlers","Glue job","Glue jobs"],"imageAlt":"Raw files on the left pass through a Glue box running a job, come out as clean tables, while a crawler writes their description into a catalog","lead":"**AWS Glue** is the AWS service for ETL: taking data from where it lands, cleaning and reshaping it, and putting it where people can analyze it. A typical case: every night an app drops thousands of JSON files into Amazon S3, and a **Glue job** reads them, removes duplicates, fixes dates, joins them with a customer table and writes the result as Parquet files ready for queries.","analogy":"A librarian and a bookbinder in one. The librarian walks the shelves writing down what each book contains; the bookbinder takes loose, messy pages and turns them into clean volumes that readers can actually use.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-glue/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-glue/index.md"},"es":{"title":"AWS Glue","tagline":"El servicio de AWS para encontrar, describir y limpiar datos, sin servidores que correr.","aliases":["Glue","Glue Data Catalog","AWS Glue Data Catalog","catálogo de Glue","crawler de Glue","crawlers de Glue","job de Glue","jobs de Glue"],"imageAlt":"Archivos crudos a la izquierda pasan por una caja Glue que corre un job y salen como tablas limpias, mientras un crawler anota su descripción en un catálogo","lead":"**AWS Glue** es el servicio de AWS para hacer ETL: tomar los datos de donde caen, limpiarlos y darles forma, y dejarlos donde la gente los pueda analizar. Un caso típico: todas las noches una app tira miles de archivos JSON en Amazon S3, y un **job de Glue** los lee, saca duplicados, corrige fechas, los cruza con una tabla de clientes y escribe el resultado como archivos Parquet listos para consultar.","analogy":"Un bibliotecario y un encuadernador en uno. El bibliotecario recorre los estantes anotando qué tiene cada libro; el encuadernador agarra hojas sueltas y desordenadas y las convierte en tomos prolijos que los lectores pueden usar de verdad.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-glue/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-glue/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-aws-kms","slug":"aws-kms","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["aws","security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-aws-kms.svg","en":{"title":"AWS KMS","tagline":"AWS's vault for encryption keys: you use them, but they never leave.","aliases":["KMS","Key Management Service","AWS Key Management Service","KMS key","KMS keys","envelope encryption"],"imageAlt":"A master key stays locked inside a KMS vault; it encrypts a small data key, and the data key locks the actual file","lead":"Encryption is only as good as the protection of its keys. Store the key next to the data and a thief takes both. **KMS** (Key Management Service) solves that on AWS: it creates and keeps encryption keys inside dedicated, tamper-resistant hardware, and you never get to see or download the key itself. You send data to KMS and ask it to encrypt or decrypt, and IAM decides who is allowed to ask.","analogy":"A bank vault with a teller window. You never get the master key; you hand the teller your small lockbox key, they lock or unlock it behind the glass, and every visit is written in the bank's ledger.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-kms/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-kms/index.md"},"es":{"title":"AWS KMS","tagline":"La bóveda de AWS para claves de cifrado: las usás, pero nunca salen de ahí.","aliases":["KMS","Key Management Service","AWS Key Management Service","clave de KMS","claves de KMS","cifrado de sobre"],"imageAlt":"Una clave maestra queda encerrada en una bóveda de KMS; cifra una clave de datos chica, y esa clave de datos cierra el archivo real","lead":"El cifrado vale lo que vale la protección de sus claves. Si guardás la clave al lado de los datos, un ladrón se lleva las dos cosas. **KMS** (Key Management Service, servicio de administración de claves) resuelve eso en AWS: crea y guarda las claves de cifrado adentro de hardware dedicado y resistente a manipulaciones, y vos nunca llegás a ver ni a descargar la clave en sí. Le mandás datos a KMS y le pedís que cifre o descifre, e IAM decide quién tiene permiso para pedirlo.","analogy":"Una bóveda de banco con ventanilla. Nunca te dan la llave maestra; le pasás al cajero la llave de tu cajita, él la cierra o la abre detrás del vidrio, y cada visita queda anotada en el libro del banco.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-kms/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-kms/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-aws-lambda","slug":"aws-lambda","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-aws-lambda.svg","en":{"title":"AWS Lambda","tagline":"Run a piece of code only when something happens, with no server to manage.","aliases":["Lambda","Lambda function","Lambda functions"],"imageAlt":"Three event icons (an upload, a request, a clock) pointing at a lambda box that produces a result","lead":"**Lambda** lets you upload a function (a chunk of code in Python, JavaScript, Java and other languages) and tell AWS when to run it: when a file lands in Amazon S3, when an HTTP request arrives through Amazon API Gateway, when a message shows up in an Amazon SQS queue, or every day at 3 a.m. AWS finds a machine, runs your code, and throws the machine away. You never see a server.","analogy":"A plumber on call instead of one on your payroll. You pay only for the visits, you do not care where they park the van, and if ten pipes burst at once the company sends ten plumbers.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-lambda/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-lambda/index.md"},"es":{"title":"AWS Lambda","tagline":"Correr un pedazo de código solo cuando pasa algo, sin ningún servidor que administrar.","aliases":["Lambda","función Lambda","funciones Lambda","función de Lambda","funciones de Lambda"],"imageAlt":"Tres íconos de evento (una subida, un pedido, un reloj) apuntando a una caja lambda que produce un resultado","lead":"**Lambda** te deja subir una función (un pedazo de código en Python, JavaScript, Java u otros lenguajes) y decirle a AWS cuándo correrla: cuando cae un archivo en Amazon S3, cuando llega un pedido HTTP por Amazon API Gateway, cuando aparece un mensaje en una cola de Amazon SQS, o todos los días a las 3 de la mañana. AWS consigue una máquina, corre tu código y la descarta. Nunca ves un servidor.","analogy":"Un plomero de guardia en vez de uno en planta. Pagás solo las visitas, no te importa dónde estaciona la camioneta, y si revientan diez caños a la vez la empresa manda diez plomeros.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-lambda/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-lambda/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-aws-organizations","slug":"aws-organizations","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-aws-organizations.svg","en":{"title":"AWS Organizations","tagline":"One place to group, govern and pay for many AWS accounts at once.","aliases":["AWS Organization","organizational unit","organizational units","OU","OUs","service control policy","service control policies","SCP","SCPs","management account","consolidated billing"],"imageAlt":"A tree with a management account at the root, two organizational units below it and member accounts under each, with a guardrail rule applied to one branch","lead":"Companies rarely use a single AWS account. They keep one for production, one for testing, one per team or per client, because an account is the strongest wall AWS offers: what happens in one does not touch the others. **AWS Organizations** is the service that ties all those accounts together under one roof.","analogy":"A company with many branches. Each branch runs its own shop, but they share one accounting department, and head office can issue rules (\"no branch opens after midnight\") that no branch manager can override.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-organizations/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-organizations/index.md"},"es":{"title":"AWS Organizations","tagline":"Un solo lugar para agrupar, gobernar y pagar muchas cuentas de AWS a la vez.","aliases":["unidad organizativa","unidades organizativas","OU","OUs","política de control de servicios","políticas de control de servicios","SCP","SCPs","cuenta de administración","facturación unificada"],"imageAlt":"Un árbol con la cuenta de administración en la raíz, dos unidades organizativas abajo y cuentas miembro debajo de cada una, con una regla de límite aplicada a una rama","lead":"Las empresas casi nunca usan una sola cuenta de AWS. Tienen una para producción, otra para pruebas, una por equipo o por cliente, porque una cuenta es la pared más fuerte que ofrece AWS: lo que pasa en una no toca a las demás. **AWS Organizations** es el servicio que ata todas esas cuentas bajo un mismo techo.","analogy":"Una empresa con muchas sucursales. Cada sucursal maneja su local, pero comparten un único departamento de contabilidad, y la casa central puede dictar reglas (\"ninguna sucursal abre después de medianoche\") que ningún gerente de sucursal puede saltarse.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-organizations/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-organizations/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-aws-secrets-manager","slug":"aws-secrets-manager","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["aws","security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-aws-secrets-manager.svg","en":{"title":"AWS Secrets Manager","tagline":"A locked vault for passwords and API keys, so they never live in your code.","aliases":["Secrets Manager"],"imageAlt":"A crossed-out config file on the left, a vault holding named secrets in the middle, and an app fetching one by name on the right","lead":"**AWS Secrets Manager** stores the sensitive values an application needs: database passwords, API keys for third-party services, private keys, tokens. You save a secret under a name such as `prod/payments/stripe-key`, and your code asks for it by name at runtime through the AWS API, with IAM deciding who is allowed to read it. The value is encrypted at rest and never printed in logs.","analogy":"The key safe at a hotel reception. Staff who need the master key sign it out and return it; nobody carries it around in a pocket or writes the combination on a sticky note.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-secrets-manager/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-secrets-manager/index.md"},"es":{"title":"AWS Secrets Manager","tagline":"Una caja fuerte para contraseñas y claves de API, para que nunca vivan en tu código.","aliases":["Secrets Manager"],"imageAlt":"Un archivo de configuración tachado a la izquierda, una caja fuerte con secretos con nombre en el medio, y una app pidiendo uno por nombre a la derecha","lead":"**AWS Secrets Manager** guarda los valores sensibles que necesita una aplicación: contraseñas de bases de datos, claves de API de servicios externos, claves privadas, tokens. Guardás un secreto bajo un nombre como `prod/payments/stripe-key`, y tu código lo pide por nombre en tiempo de ejecución a través de la API de AWS, con IAM decidiendo quién tiene permiso para leerlo. El valor está cifrado en reposo y nunca aparece en los logs.","analogy":"La caja de llaves de la recepción de un hotel. El personal que necesita la llave maestra la firma al retirarla y la devuelve; nadie la lleva en el bolsillo ni anota la combinación en un papelito.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-secrets-manager/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-secrets-manager/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-aws-shield","slug":"aws-shield","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["aws","security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-aws-shield.svg","en":{"title":"AWS Shield","tagline":"AWS's protection against DDoS attacks, on by default for everyone.","aliases":["Shield Standard","Shield Advanced","AWS Shield Standard","AWS Shield Advanced"],"imageAlt":"A flood of arrows from many bots hits a shield in front of a website, while a few normal visitors pass through","lead":"A **DDoS** attack tries to knock a site offline by burying it in traffic from thousands of hijacked machines at once. **AWS Shield** is the AWS service that absorbs and filters those floods before they reach your servers. It works at the edges of the AWS network, where there is far more capacity than any single website has.","analogy":"A sea wall in front of a harbor town. The ordinary wall is there for everyone and stops everyday waves; towns that expect storms pay for a taller wall plus a crew on call and insurance for the damage.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-shield/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-shield/index.md"},"es":{"title":"AWS Shield","tagline":"La protección de AWS contra ataques DDoS, prendida por defecto para todos.","aliases":["Shield Standard","Shield Advanced","AWS Shield Standard","AWS Shield Advanced"],"imageAlt":"Una avalancha de flechas de muchos bots choca contra un escudo delante de un sitio web, mientras unos pocos visitantes normales pasan","lead":"Un ataque **DDoS** busca tirar un sitio enterrándolo en tráfico de miles de máquinas secuestradas a la vez. **AWS Shield** es el servicio de AWS que absorbe y filtra esas avalanchas antes de que lleguen a tus servidores. Trabaja en los bordes de la red de AWS, donde hay mucha más capacidad de la que tiene cualquier sitio por su cuenta.","analogy":"Una escollera delante de un pueblo costero. La escollera común está para todos y frena las olas de todos los días; los pueblos que esperan tormentas pagan un muro más alto, una cuadrilla de guardia y un seguro por los daños.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-shield/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-shield/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-aws-step-functions","slug":"aws-step-functions","date":"2026-10-14","level":3,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-aws-step-functions.svg","en":{"title":"AWS Step Functions","tagline":"A flowchart that runs: it chains steps, retries failures and remembers where it was.","aliases":["Step Functions","state machine","state machines"],"imageAlt":"A flowchart with a start, a validate step that retries, two parallel steps, a wait step and an end","lead":"**AWS Step Functions** orchestrates processes that have many steps. You describe a **state machine**: step A, then B; if B fails retry it three times; then C and D in parallel; wait 24 hours; then E. Each step calls something, most often an AWS Lambda function, but also Amazon ECS tasks, Amazon SQS, Amazon DynamoDB and most AWS APIs. Step Functions runs the flow, tracks exactly where every execution is, and shows it as a live diagram.","analogy":"A production-line foreman with a clipboard. The foreman builds nothing, but knows which station every product is at, sends it back when a station fails, and never loses track even when the shift changes.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-step-functions/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-step-functions/index.md"},"es":{"title":"AWS Step Functions","tagline":"Un diagrama de flujo que corre: encadena pasos, reintenta fallas y recuerda dónde iba.","aliases":["Step Functions","máquina de estados","máquinas de estados"],"imageAlt":"Un diagrama de flujo con un inicio, un paso de validación que reintenta, dos pasos en paralelo, una espera y un final","lead":"**AWS Step Functions** orquesta procesos que tienen muchos pasos. Describís una **máquina de estados**: paso A, después B; si B falla reintentalo tres veces; después C y D en paralelo; esperá 24 horas; después E. Cada paso llama a algo, casi siempre una función AWS Lambda, pero también tareas de Amazon ECS, Amazon SQS, Amazon DynamoDB y la mayoría de las APIs de AWS. Step Functions corre el flujo, sabe exactamente en qué punto está cada ejecución y lo muestra como un diagrama en vivo.","analogy":"Un capataz de línea de producción con una planilla. No fabrica nada, pero sabe en qué estación está cada producto, lo manda de vuelta cuando una estación falla, y nunca pierde el hilo aunque cambie el turno.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-step-functions/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-step-functions/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-aws-waf","slug":"aws-waf","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["aws","security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-aws-waf.svg","en":{"title":"AWS WAF","tagline":"A filter in front of your website that reads each request and blocks the bad ones.","aliases":["WAF","web application firewall","web application firewalls","web ACL","web ACLs"],"imageAlt":"Web requests arrive at a WAF gate with rules; normal requests pass to the website, while a SQL injection and a flood from one IP are blocked","lead":"A regular firewall looks at addresses and ports: who is connecting, and to which door. A **web application firewall** (WAF) looks inside the web request itself: the URL, the headers, the form fields. **AWS WAF** is that filter on AWS. You put it in front of Amazon CloudFront, a load balancer or Amazon API Gateway, and every request is checked against your rules before it reaches your app.","analogy":"A bouncer who does not just check the guest list but also looks inside the bags. Ordinary visitors walk in; anyone carrying something suspicious, or trying to enter fifty times in a minute, stays outside.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-waf/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-waf/index.md"},"es":{"title":"AWS WAF","tagline":"Un filtro delante de tu sitio que lee cada pedido y frena los malintencionados.","aliases":["WAF","firewall de aplicaciones web","firewalls de aplicaciones web","web ACL","web ACLs"],"imageAlt":"Pedidos web llegan a una puerta WAF con reglas; los pedidos normales pasan al sitio, mientras una inyección SQL y una avalancha desde una IP quedan bloqueadas","lead":"Un firewall común mira direcciones y puertos: quién se conecta y a qué puerta. Un **firewall de aplicaciones web** (WAF, por sus siglas en inglés) mira adentro del pedido web: la URL, los encabezados, los campos de un formulario. **AWS WAF** es ese filtro en AWS. Lo ponés delante de Amazon CloudFront, de un balanceador de carga o de Amazon API Gateway, y cada pedido se compara con tus reglas antes de llegar a tu app.","analogy":"Un patovica que no solo mira la lista de invitados sino que también revisa las mochilas. La gente común entra; quien trae algo sospechoso, o intenta entrar cincuenta veces en un minuto, se queda afuera.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-waf/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/aws-waf/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-backup","slug":"backup","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["data","security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-backup.svg","en":{"title":"Backup","tagline":"A separate copy of your data, kept so you can get it back when the original is lost.","aliases":["backups","3-2-1 rule","3-2-1 backup rule"],"imageAlt":"The 3-2-1 rule: three copies of the same file, on two different kinds of storage, with one copy kept far away in another place","lead":"A **backup** is a copy of data stored separately from the original, so it can be restored if something goes wrong: a laptop is stolen, a disk dies, someone deletes the wrong folder, a fire hits the office, or ransomware encrypts every file. It sounds obvious, but many people only discover their backups were missing, incomplete or impossible to restore on the day they need them.","analogy":"Keeping photocopies of your passport: one in your suitcase, one in your email and one with a relative at home. Lose your bag on a trip and you still have proof of who you are.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/backup/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/backup/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Copia de seguridad","tagline":"Una copia aparte de tus datos, para recuperarlos cuando se pierde el original.","aliases":["backup","backups","copias de seguridad","regla 3-2-1"],"imageAlt":"La regla 3-2-1: tres copias del mismo archivo, en dos tipos de almacenamiento distintos, con una copia guardada lejos en otro lugar","lead":"Una **copia de seguridad** (backup) es una copia de los datos guardada aparte del original, para poder restaurarlos si algo sale mal: te roban la notebook, se rompe un disco, alguien borra la carpeta equivocada, hay un incendio en la oficina o un ransomware cifra todos los archivos. Suena obvio, pero mucha gente descubre que sus backups no existían, estaban incompletos o no se podían restaurar justo el día que los necesita.","analogy":"Tener fotocopias del pasaporte: una en la valija, otra en tu mail y otra en lo de un familiar. Si perdés el bolso en un viaje, igual podés demostrar quién sos.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/backup/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/backup/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-bandwidth-and-latency","slug":"bandwidth-and-latency","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-bandwidth-and-latency.svg","en":{"title":"Bandwidth and latency","tagline":"How much data fits per second, and how long each trip takes. Two different things.","aliases":["bandwidth","latency"],"imageAlt":"A wide pipe full of packets labeled bandwidth, and below it a long thin path with a stopwatch labeled latency","lead":"**Bandwidth** is how much data a connection can move per second, measured in megabits per second (Mbps) or gigabits (Gbps). **Latency** is how long a single piece of data takes to go from you to the other end and back, measured in milliseconds (ms) and often called **ping**. A connection can have lots of one and little of the other, and they feel very different.","analogy":"A highway. Bandwidth is the number of lanes: how many cars pass per minute. Latency is the length of the trip: even on a ten-lane highway, going to the next city takes an hour.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bandwidth-and-latency/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bandwidth-and-latency/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Ancho de banda y latencia","tagline":"Cuántos datos entran por segundo, y cuánto tarda cada viaje. Dos cosas distintas.","aliases":["ancho de banda","latencia"],"imageAlt":"Un caño ancho lleno de paquetes etiquetado ancho de banda, y debajo un camino largo y fino con un cronómetro etiquetado latencia","lead":"El **ancho de banda** es cuántos datos puede mover una conexión por segundo, medido en megabits por segundo (Mbps) o gigabits (Gbps). La **latencia** es cuánto tarda un dato en ir de vos al otro extremo y volver, medida en milisegundos (ms) y conocida como **ping**. Una conexión puede tener mucho de una cosa y poco de la otra, y se sienten muy distinto.","analogy":"Una autopista. El ancho de banda es la cantidad de carriles: cuántos autos pasan por minuto. La latencia es el largo del viaje: aunque tenga diez carriles, ir a la ciudad de al lado lleva una hora.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/bandwidth-and-latency/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/bandwidth-and-latency/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-bgp","slug":"bgp","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-bgp.svg","en":{"title":"BGP","tagline":"The protocol networks use to tell each other which addresses they can reach.","aliases":["Border Gateway Protocol","BGP hijacking","BGP hijack"],"imageAlt":"Four networks drawn as circles: AS 4 owns the addresses 203.0.113.0/24 and announces them to AS 2 and AS 3, which pass the route on to AS 1","lead":"The internet is not one network but tens of thousands of independent ones: internet providers, universities, cloud companies, big websites. Each is an **autonomous system** (AS) with its own number. **BGP**, the Border Gateway Protocol, is how they tell each other which IP addresses they can deliver to. It is the reason a packet that leaves your home in Buenos Aires knows how to reach a server in Frankfurt.","analogy":"A chain of travel agents passing along notes: 'I can get you to Lisbon'. Each one adds its own name and forwards the note. It works because they believe each other, and that is also why one agent writing a wrong note can send everyone's trips the wrong way.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bgp/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bgp/index.md"},"es":{"title":"BGP","tagline":"El protocolo con el que las redes se cuentan qué direcciones pueden alcanzar.","aliases":["Border Gateway Protocol","secuestro de BGP"],"imageAlt":"Cuatro redes dibujadas como círculos: AS 4 tiene las direcciones 203.0.113.0/24 y las anuncia a AS 2 y AS 3, que pasan la ruta a AS 1","lead":"Internet no es una sola red sino decenas de miles de redes independientes: proveedores de internet, universidades, empresas de nube, sitios grandes. Cada una es un **sistema autónomo** (AS, por sus siglas en inglés) con su propio número. **BGP**, el Border Gateway Protocol, es la forma en que se cuentan entre ellas a qué direcciones IP pueden entregar tráfico. Es la razón por la que un paquete que sale de tu casa en Buenos Aires sabe cómo llegar a un servidor en Frankfurt.","analogy":"Una cadena de agencias de viaje que se pasan notitas: 'yo te llevo a Lisboa'. Cada una agrega su nombre y reenvía la nota. Funciona porque se creen entre ellas, y por eso mismo una agencia que escribe una nota equivocada puede mandar los viajes de todos para el lado incorrecto.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/bgp/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/bgp/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-big-data","slug":"big-data","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-big-data.svg","en":{"title":"Big data","tagline":"Data so large, fast or messy that one ordinary computer cannot handle it.","aliases":["three Vs of big data"],"imageAlt":"Clicks, sensors, transactions and videos pour in, too much for one computer, so the work is split across a cluster of many machines","lead":"**Big data** describes collections of data too big or too fast for the usual tools on a single computer. The classic definition uses three Vs: **volume** (huge amounts, far beyond what fits on one machine), **velocity** (arriving constantly, like every click on a website or every reading from thousands of sensors) and **variety** (many shapes at once: tables, text, images, logs).","analogy":"Counting the coins in your pocket is easy. Counting every coin that passes through a country's shops in a day needs thousands of counters working at once, each on its own pile, and someone adding up their totals.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/big-data/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/big-data/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Big data","tagline":"Datos tan grandes, rápidos o desordenados que una computadora común no puede con ellos.","aliases":["macrodatos","datos masivos"],"imageAlt":"Clics, sensores, transacciones y videos entran a raudales, demasiado para una computadora, así que el trabajo se reparte en un cluster de muchas máquinas","lead":"**Big data** (macrodatos) describe colecciones de datos demasiado grandes o rápidas para las herramientas habituales en una sola computadora. La definición clásica usa tres V: **volumen** (cantidades enormes, mucho más de lo que entra en una máquina), **velocidad** (datos que llegan todo el tiempo, como cada clic en un sitio o cada lectura de miles de sensores) y **variedad** (muchas formas a la vez: tablas, texto, imágenes, logs).","analogy":"Contar las monedas que tenés en el bolsillo es fácil. Contar todas las monedas que pasan por los comercios de un país en un día necesita miles de personas contando a la vez, cada una su pila, y alguien que sume los totales.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/big-data/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/big-data/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-biometrics","slug":"biometrics","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-biometrics.svg","en":{"title":"Biometrics","tagline":"Proving who you are with your body: a fingerprint, your face, your voice.","aliases":["biometric authentication","biometric data"],"imageAlt":"A phone scans a fingerprint and a face, turns each into a short template and compares it with the one stored on the device, which answers match","lead":"**Biometrics** means recognizing a person by something they physically are or do: a fingerprint, the shape of a face, the pattern of an iris, a voice, even the way someone types. It is what happens when you unlock a phone with your thumb or your face, cross an airport gate that checks your passport photo, or clock in at work by touching a reader.","analogy":"A doorman who knows your face. It is faster than showing an ID card, but if someone ever made a perfect mask of you, you could not get a new face the way you get a new card.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/biometrics/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/biometrics/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Biometría","tagline":"Demostrar quién sos con tu cuerpo: una huella, tu cara, tu voz.","aliases":["autenticación biométrica","datos biométricos"],"imageAlt":"Un teléfono escanea una huella y una cara, convierte cada una en una plantilla corta y la compara con la guardada en el dispositivo, que responde que coincide","lead":"La **biometría** es reconocer a una persona por algo que físicamente es o hace: una huella digital, la forma de la cara, el dibujo del iris, la voz, hasta la manera en que alguien tipea. Es lo que pasa cuando desbloqueás el celular con el pulgar o con la cara, cuando pasás por una puerta del aeropuerto que compara tu cara con la foto del pasaporte, o cuando fichás en el trabajo apoyando el dedo en un lector.","analogy":"Un portero que te conoce la cara. Es más rápido que mostrar el DNI, pero si alguien hiciera una máscara perfecta tuya, no podrías sacar una cara nueva como sacás un documento nuevo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/biometrics/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/biometrics/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-bios-and-uefi","slug":"bios-and-uefi","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-bios-and-uefi.svg","en":{"title":"BIOS and UEFI","tagline":"The first program a PC runs: it checks the hardware and starts the operating system.","aliases":["BIOS","UEFI","Unified Extensible Firmware Interface","Secure Boot","boot loader","bootloader"],"imageAlt":"Four boxes in a row: power on, UEFI firmware, boot loader and OS, with a checklist under UEFI ticking CPU, RAM and disk","lead":"When you press the power button, the processor knows nothing about your disk, your keyboard or Windows. It starts by running a small program stored in a chip on the motherboard. On older PCs that program was the **BIOS** (Basic Input/Output System); on almost every computer made since the early 2010s it is **UEFI** (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface), although many people still call it \"the BIOS\" out of habit.","analogy":"The stage manager who arrives before everyone else, turns on the lights, checks the microphones and then hands the stage to the main act. The audience barely notices, but without it the show never starts.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bios-and-uefi/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bios-and-uefi/index.md"},"es":{"title":"BIOS y UEFI","tagline":"El primer programa que corre una PC: revisa el hardware y arranca el sistema operativo.","aliases":["BIOS","UEFI","Unified Extensible Firmware Interface","Secure Boot","arranque seguro","cargador de arranque","boot loader"],"imageAlt":"Cuatro cajas en fila: encendido, firmware UEFI, boot loader y sistema operativo, con una lista bajo UEFI que tilda CPU, RAM y disco","lead":"Cuando apretás el botón de encendido, el procesador no sabe nada de tu disco, tu teclado ni Windows. Arranca ejecutando un programa chico guardado en un chip de la placa madre. En las PC viejas ese programa era el **BIOS** (Basic Input/Output System); en casi todas las computadoras fabricadas desde principios de la década de 2010 es **UEFI** (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface), aunque mucha gente lo sigue llamando \"el BIOS\" por costumbre.","analogy":"El jefe de escenario que llega antes que nadie, prende las luces, prueba los micrófonos y después le deja el escenario al número principal. El público casi no lo ve, pero sin él la función no empieza.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/bios-and-uefi/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/bios-and-uefi/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-blockchain","slug":"blockchain","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security","software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-blockchain.svg","en":{"title":"Blockchain","tagline":"A shared record book, copied on many computers, where old pages can't be quietly changed.","aliases":["blockchains","distributed ledger","distributed ledgers"],"imageAlt":"Three blocks in a row, each holding transactions and the hash of the block before it, copied identically on several computers","lead":"A **blockchain** is a way of keeping a record, a **ledger**, that many parties share without having to trust a single owner. Entries, such as \"Ana sent 5 units to Ben\", are grouped into **blocks**. Each block also stores the **hash** of the previous block: a short fingerprint calculated from its contents. That chains the blocks together, because if someone edits an old block, its fingerprint changes and no longer matches the one stored in the next block, so the tampering is obvious.","analogy":"A notebook that a whole neighborhood keeps in copies, where each new page starts by quoting the last line of the previous page. Tearing out or rewriting a page would not match everyone else's copy, so nobody gets away with it.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/blockchain/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/blockchain/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Blockchain","tagline":"Un libro de registros compartido en muchas compus, donde no se puede cambiar el pasado.","aliases":["blockchains","cadena de bloques","cadenas de bloques"],"imageAlt":"Tres bloques en fila, cada uno con transacciones y el hash del bloque anterior, copiados igual en varias computadoras","lead":"Una **blockchain** (cadena de bloques) es una forma de llevar un registro, un **libro contable**, que comparten muchas partes sin tener que confiar en un único dueño. Las anotaciones, como \"Ana le mandó 5 unidades a Beto\", se agrupan en **bloques**. Cada bloque guarda además el **hash** del bloque anterior: una huella corta que se calcula a partir de su contenido. Eso encadena los bloques, porque si alguien edita un bloque viejo, su huella cambia y deja de coincidir con la que guarda el bloque siguiente, así que la trampa queda a la vista.","analogy":"Un cuaderno que todo un barrio lleva en copias, donde cada página nueva empieza copiando el último renglón de la anterior. Arrancar o reescribir una página no coincidiría con las copias de los demás, así que nadie se sale con la suya.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/blockchain/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/blockchain/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-bluetooth","slug":"bluetooth","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-bluetooth.svg","en":{"title":"Bluetooth","tagline":"Short-range wireless for connecting nearby gadgets: headphones, watches, keyboards.","aliases":["Bluetooth Low Energy","BLE","Bluetooth LE"],"imageAlt":"A phone in the middle of a dashed circle showing its short range, linked to headphones and a watch inside the circle, while a speaker outside the circle is out of range","lead":"**Bluetooth** is a wireless standard for connecting devices that are close to each other, typically within about ten meters. It is what links your phone to wireless headphones, a smartwatch, a car's audio system, a keyboard or a mouse, with no cables and no need for Wi-Fi or an internet connection. Devices from different brands work together because they follow the same specification, managed by an industry group called the Bluetooth SIG.","analogy":"A quiet conversation between two people standing close together. It needs no phone network or loudspeaker, but it only works within a few steps, and the two have to be introduced first.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bluetooth/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bluetooth/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Bluetooth","tagline":"Conexión inalámbrica de corto alcance para auriculares, relojes y teclados.","aliases":["Bluetooth Low Energy","BLE","Bluetooth LE","bluetooth de bajo consumo"],"imageAlt":"Un celular en el centro de un círculo punteado que marca su corto alcance, unido a unos auriculares y un reloj dentro del círculo, mientras un parlante afuera queda fuera de alcance","lead":"**Bluetooth** es un estándar inalámbrico para conectar aparatos que están cerca, en general a menos de unos diez metros. Es lo que une tu celular con unos auriculares inalámbricos, un reloj inteligente, el equipo de música del auto, un teclado o un mouse, sin cables y sin necesidad de Wi-Fi ni de conexión a internet. Aparatos de marcas distintas funcionan juntos porque siguen la misma especificación, que administra un grupo de la industria llamado Bluetooth SIG.","analogy":"Una charla en voz baja entre dos personas que están cerca. No necesita red telefónica ni parlante, pero solo funciona a unos pasos de distancia, y primero tienen que presentarse.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/bluetooth/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/bluetooth/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-broadcom","slug":"broadcom","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["companies","hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-broadcom.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Broadcom","tagline":"An American chip designer behind data center networking, Wi-Fi and custom AI chips.","aliases":["Broadcom Inc.","Avago"],"imageAlt":"Broadcom's chips sit inside a data center switch, a phone's Wi-Fi radio and a custom AI accelerator, with enterprise software on the side","lead":"**Broadcom** designs chips that most people never see but use every day. Today's company was formed in 2016, when Avago Technologies, a chipmaker whose roots go back to Hewlett-Packard's semiconductor division, bought the original Broadcom Corporation and took its name. Like NVIDIA or Apple, it is **fabless**: it designs the chips and pays foundries such as TSMC to manufacture them.","analogy":"A firm that makes the plumbing inside buildings. You never see the pipes, valves and pumps behind the walls, but nothing works without them, and the architects of the biggest towers ask it to design custom pieces.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/broadcom/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/broadcom/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Broadcom","tagline":"Diseñadora estadounidense de chips para redes de data centers, Wi-Fi e IA a medida.","aliases":["Broadcom Inc.","Avago"],"imageAlt":"Los chips de Broadcom están dentro de un switch de data center, la radio Wi-Fi de un celular y un acelerador de IA a medida, con software empresarial al costado","lead":"**Broadcom** diseña chips que casi nadie ve pero que usamos todos los días. La empresa actual se formó en 2016, cuando Avago Technologies, una fabricante de chips con raíces en la división de semiconductores de Hewlett-Packard, compró a la Broadcom Corporation original y se quedó con su nombre. Como NVIDIA o Apple, es **fabless**: diseña los chips y les paga a fundiciones como TSMC para que los fabriquen.","analogy":"Una empresa que hace la plomería de los edificios. Nunca ves los caños, válvulas y bombas detrás de las paredes, pero sin ellos nada funciona, y los arquitectos de las torres más grandes le piden piezas a medida.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/broadcom/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/broadcom/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-brute-force-attack","slug":"brute-force-attack","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-brute-force-attack.svg","en":{"title":"Brute-force attack","tagline":"Breaking into an account by trying passwords, one after another, until one works.","aliases":["brute force","brute-force","brute force attack","brute-force attacks","dictionary attack","credential stuffing"],"imageAlt":"A list of common passwords being tried one after another against a padlock, each crossed out, until the system answers too many tries: wait","lead":"A **brute-force attack** is the least clever way to get into an account, and still one of the most common: a program tries passwords over and over until one is accepted. It does not exploit a flaw in the software. It relies on the password being short, common, or already known.","analogy":"A thief standing at a combination lock with patience and a list of the most popular codes. A four-digit bike lock falls quickly; a long combination, or a lock that jams after five wrong tries, makes the whole approach useless.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/brute-force-attack/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/brute-force-attack/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Ataque de fuerza bruta","tagline":"Entrar a una cuenta probando contraseñas, una detrás de otra, hasta que alguna funcione.","aliases":["fuerza bruta","ataques de fuerza bruta","ataque de diccionario","credential stuffing","relleno de credenciales"],"imageAlt":"Una lista de contraseñas comunes que se prueban una tras otra contra un candado, todas tachadas, hasta que el sistema responde too many tries: wait (demasiados intentos, esperá)","lead":"Un **ataque de fuerza bruta** es la forma menos ingeniosa de entrar a una cuenta, y aun así una de las más comunes: un programa prueba contraseñas una y otra vez hasta que una es aceptada. No aprovecha ninguna falla del software. Cuenta con que la contraseña sea corta, común o ya conocida.","analogy":"Un ladrón parado frente a un candado de combinación, con paciencia y una lista de los códigos más populares. El candado de bici de cuatro dígitos cae rápido; una combinación larga, o un candado que se traba después de cinco intentos fallidos, deja la estrategia sin sentido.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/brute-force-attack/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/brute-force-attack/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-bug","slug":"bug","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-bug.svg","en":{"title":"Bug","tagline":"A mistake in software that makes it behave differently from what was intended.","aliases":["bugs","software bug","software bugs","buggy"],"imageAlt":"A cart total that should be 30 shows 3000, because one highlighted line of code multiplies the price by 100 by mistake, with a small bug drawn next to it","lead":"A **bug** is a flaw in a program that makes it do something its authors did not intend: a button that does nothing, a total that adds up wrong, an app that crashes when you rotate the phone. Computers follow instructions exactly, so a bug is almost always a human mistake in those instructions, or a situation nobody planned for, like a name with an apostrophe or a date in a leap year.","analogy":"A typo in a recipe that says \"3 cups of salt\" instead of \"3 teaspoons\". The cook follows it faithfully, and the result is ruined, not because the cook failed but because the instructions were wrong.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bug/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bug/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Bug","tagline":"Un error en un software que hace que se comporte distinto de lo que se buscaba.","aliases":["bugs","error de software","errores de software"],"imageAlt":"El total de un carrito que debería ser 30 muestra 3000 porque una línea de código resaltada multiplica el precio por 100 por error, con un bichito dibujado al lado","lead":"Un **bug** es una falla en un programa que lo hace hacer algo que sus autores no querían: un botón que no hace nada, un total que suma mal, una app que se cierra cuando girás el celular. Las computadoras siguen las instrucciones al pie de la letra, así que un bug casi siempre es un error humano en esas instrucciones, o una situación que nadie previó, como un apellido con apóstrofo o una fecha en un año bisiesto.","analogy":"Un error de tipeo en una receta que dice \"3 tazas de sal\" en vez de \"3 cucharaditas\". El cocinero la sigue fielmente y el plato sale arruinado, no porque cocinó mal sino porque las instrucciones estaban mal.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/bug/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/bug/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-bug-bounty","slug":"bug-bounty","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-bug-bounty.svg","en":{"title":"Bug bounty","tagline":"A company pays outside researchers who find and privately report its security holes.","aliases":["bug bounties","bug bounty program","bug bounty programs"],"imageAlt":"A researcher sends a private report to a company, the company fixes the flaw and pays a reward, and only then the issue is made public","lead":"A **bug bounty** is a standing offer from a company: if you find a security flaw in our products and tell us privately, following our rules, we will pay you. The amount depends on how serious the problem is, from a small thank-you for a minor issue to large sums for a flaw that could expose user accounts. Big tech companies, banks, governments and many startups run them, often through platforms that handle the reports and payments.","analogy":"A reward poster in reverse: instead of paying to catch the burglar, the shop pays anyone who points out an unlocked window, as long as they tell the owner and do not climb in.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bug-bounty/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bug-bounty/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Bug bounty","tagline":"Una empresa le paga a quien encuentra sus fallas de seguridad y se las avisa en privado.","aliases":["bug bounties","programa de bug bounty","programas de bug bounty"],"imageAlt":"Una investigadora manda un reporte privado a una empresa, la empresa arregla la falla y paga una recompensa, y recién entonces el problema se hace público","lead":"Un **bug bounty** (literalmente, recompensa por bugs) es una oferta permanente de una empresa: si encontrás una falla de seguridad en nuestros productos y nos avisás en privado, siguiendo nuestras reglas, te pagamos. El monto depende de qué tan grave sea el problema, desde un agradecimiento chico por algo menor hasta sumas grandes por una falla que podría exponer cuentas de usuarios. Los tienen las grandes tecnológicas, bancos, gobiernos y muchas startups, a menudo a través de plataformas que gestionan los reportes y los pagos.","analogy":"Un cartel de recompensa al revés: en vez de pagar por atrapar al ladrón, el negocio le paga a cualquiera que le avise de una ventana sin traba, siempre que se lo diga al dueño y no se meta por ella.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/bug-bounty/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/bug-bounty/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-business-intelligence","slug":"business-intelligence","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-business-intelligence.svg","en":{"title":"Business intelligence","tagline":"Turning a company's data into reports and dashboards people use to decide.","aliases":["BI","BI tool","BI tools"],"imageAlt":"Sales, finance and CRM data flow into a data warehouse, and from there into a dashboard with a big number, a line chart and a bar chart","lead":"**Business intelligence**, or **BI**, is the set of tools and practices that turn a company's raw data into reports, charts and **dashboards** that people can read without writing code. A sales manager opens a page on Monday and sees revenue by region, this month against last, and which products are falling behind. That page is BI.","analogy":"Like the dashboard of a car. You do not need to understand the engine to see your speed, fuel and warning lights at a glance, but someone had to wire the sensors correctly for those gauges to tell the truth.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/business-intelligence/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/business-intelligence/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Business intelligence","tagline":"Convertir los datos de una empresa en reportes y dashboards que sirven para decidir.","aliases":["BI","inteligencia de negocios","inteligencia empresarial","herramienta de BI","herramientas de BI"],"imageAlt":"Datos de ventas, finanzas y CRM fluyen a un data warehouse y de ahí a un dashboard con un número grande, un gráfico de líneas y uno de barras","lead":"El **business intelligence**, o **BI** (inteligencia de negocios), es el conjunto de herramientas y prácticas que convierte los datos crudos de una empresa en reportes, gráficos y **dashboards** que la gente puede leer sin escribir código. Un gerente de ventas abre una página el lunes y ve la facturación por región, este mes contra el anterior y qué productos vienen quedando atrás. Esa página es BI.","analogy":"Como el tablero de un auto. No hace falta entender el motor para ver de un vistazo la velocidad, la nafta y las luces de alerta, pero alguien tuvo que conectar bien los sensores para que esos indicadores digan la verdad.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/business-intelligence/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/business-intelligence/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-bytedance","slug":"bytedance","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-bytedance.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"ByteDance","tagline":"The Chinese tech company behind TikTok and its recommendation engine.","aliases":["TikTok","Douyin"],"imageAlt":"A phone showing a vertical video feed; what the viewer watches, skips and likes goes back to a recommendation engine that picks the next video, while advertisers pay to appear in the feed","lead":"**ByteDance** is a Chinese technology company founded in 2012 in Beijing by Zhang Yiming. Its first hit was Toutiao, a news app that, instead of having editors choose the stories, learned from each reader what to show them. That idea, a feed run entirely by a recommendation algorithm, became the core of everything it built later.","analogy":"A TV channel with one programmer per viewer, who watches your face as you watch and changes the next show the moment you look bored.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bytedance/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bytedance/index.md"},"es":{"title":"ByteDance","tagline":"La empresa tecnológica china detrás de TikTok y de su motor de recomendaciones.","aliases":["TikTok","Douyin"],"imageAlt":"Un celular con un feed de videos verticales; lo que la persona mira, saltea y le gusta vuelve a un motor de recomendaciones que elige el próximo video, mientras los anunciantes pagan para aparecer en el feed","lead":"**ByteDance** es una empresa de tecnología china fundada en 2012 en Pekín por Zhang Yiming. Su primer éxito fue Toutiao, una app de noticias que, en vez de tener editores que eligieran las notas, aprendía de cada lector qué mostrarle. Esa idea, un feed manejado por completo por un algoritmo de recomendación, se volvió el centro de todo lo que hizo después.","analogy":"Un canal de televisión con un programador para cada espectador, que te mira la cara mientras mirás y cambia el próximo programa apenas te ve aburrido.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/bytedance/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/bytedance/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-captcha","slug":"captcha","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-captcha.svg","en":{"title":"CAPTCHA","tagline":"A small test a website uses to tell a person from an automated program.","aliases":["CAPTCHAs","reCAPTCHA"],"imageAlt":"A person and a robot both try to log in; a CAPTCHA box with wavy letters and a checkbox lets the person through and stops the robot","lead":"A **CAPTCHA** is the little challenge that appears before you sign up, log in or buy tickets: type the wavy letters, click every picture with a traffic light, or just tick a box that says \"I'm not a robot\". The name is an acronym for \"Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart\". The idea is a task that is easy for people and hard for software.","analogy":"A bouncer who asks a quick question at the door. Anyone can answer it, but it slows down the crowd of fake guests trying to rush in at once.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/captcha/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/captcha/index.md"},"es":{"title":"CAPTCHA","tagline":"Una pruebita que usa un sitio web para distinguir a una persona de un programa.","aliases":["CAPTCHAs","captchas","reCAPTCHA"],"imageAlt":"Una persona y un robot intentan entrar; un recuadro CAPTCHA con letras onduladas y una casilla deja pasar a la persona y frena al robot","lead":"Un **CAPTCHA** es el pequeño desafío que aparece antes de registrarte, iniciar sesión o comprar entradas: escribir unas letras deformadas, marcar todas las fotos con semáforos o tildar una casilla que dice \"No soy un robot\". El nombre es una sigla en inglés de \"prueba de Turing pública y automática para distinguir computadoras de humanos\". La idea es una tarea fácil para las personas y difícil para el software.","analogy":"Un patovica que hace una pregunta rápida en la puerta. Cualquiera la puede contestar, pero frena a la multitud de invitados truchos que quiere entrar toda junta.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/captcha/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/captcha/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-cdn","slug":"cdn","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["networks","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-cdn.svg","en":{"title":"CDN","tagline":"Copies of a website kept on servers around the world, close to whoever asks.","aliases":["CDNs","content delivery network","content delivery networks","edge location","edge locations"],"imageAlt":"One origin server far away feeds three edge servers, each close to a group of users; a user gets a cache hit from the nearest edge","lead":"A **CDN** (content delivery network) is a set of servers spread across many cities that keep copies of a website's files: images, videos, scripts, whole pages. When you open the site, your request goes to the nearest of those **edge** servers instead of travelling to the company's own server, the **origin**, which may be on another continent. Shorter distance means lower latency, and the page appears faster.","analogy":"A bakery chain. The recipe and the main kitchen (the origin) are in one place, but every neighborhood has a branch with fresh bread on the shelf (the edge), so you walk two blocks instead of crossing the city.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cdn/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cdn/index.md"},"es":{"title":"CDN","tagline":"Copias de un sitio guardadas en servidores por todo el mundo, cerca de quien las pide.","aliases":["CDNs","red de distribución de contenidos","redes de distribución de contenidos","red de entrega de contenidos"],"imageAlt":"Un servidor de origen lejano alimenta tres servidores de borde, cada uno cerca de un grupo de usuarios; un usuario recibe un acierto de caché del borde más cercano","lead":"Una **CDN** (content delivery network, red de distribución de contenidos) es un conjunto de servidores repartidos en muchas ciudades que guardan copias de los archivos de un sitio: imágenes, videos, scripts, páginas enteras. Cuando abrís el sitio, tu pedido va al más cercano de esos servidores de **borde** (edge) en vez de viajar hasta el servidor propio de la empresa, el **origen**, que puede estar en otro continente. Menos distancia es menos latencia, y la página aparece más rápido.","analogy":"Una cadena de panaderías. La receta y la cocina central (el origen) están en un solo lugar, pero cada barrio tiene una sucursal con pan fresco en el estante (el borde), así caminás dos cuadras en vez de cruzar la ciudad.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cdn/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cdn/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-chatbot","slug":"chatbot","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-chatbot.svg","en":{"title":"Chatbot","tagline":"A program you talk to by typing or speaking, as if it were a person.","aliases":["chatbots","chat bot"],"imageAlt":"Two chat windows side by side: a scripted bot that only offers options 1, 2 or 3, and a language-model bot that answers a free-form complaint in its own words","lead":"A **chatbot** is a program designed to hold a conversation. You write or say something, and it answers in words. The idea is old: in 1966 Joseph Weizenbaum at MIT built ELIZA, which imitated a therapist by turning your sentences back into questions. Some users became emotionally attached to it, even knowing it was a simple trick.","analogy":"A scripted chatbot is a phone menu that reads you options. A language-model chatbot is a new employee who can talk about anything, but who sometimes makes things up when they do not know.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/chatbot/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/chatbot/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Chatbot","tagline":"Un programa con el que hablás escribiendo o con la voz, como si fuera una persona.","aliases":["chatbots","bot conversacional","bots conversacionales"],"imageAlt":"Dos ventanas de chat lado a lado: un bot con guion que solo ofrece las opciones 1, 2 o 3, y un bot con modelo de lenguaje que responde con sus palabras un reclamo escrito libremente","lead":"Un **chatbot** (bot conversacional) es un programa pensado para mantener una conversación. Vos escribís o decís algo, y te contesta con palabras. La idea es vieja: en 1966 Joseph Weizenbaum, en el MIT, armó ELIZA, que imitaba a un terapeuta dándote vuelta tus frases en forma de pregunta. Algunos usuarios se encariñaron con ELIZA aun sabiendo que era un truco simple.","analogy":"Un chatbot de guion es el menú del teléfono que te lee opciones. Un chatbot con modelo de lenguaje es un empleado nuevo que puede hablar de cualquier cosa, pero que a veces inventa cuando no sabe.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/chatbot/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/chatbot/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-chatgpt","slug":"chatgpt","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["ai","companies"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-chatgpt.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"ChatGPT","tagline":"OpenAI's chat assistant, the app that brought AI chatbots to the general public.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"A chat window with a question and a reply, connected to a GPT model box, with extra tools below it: web search, files and images","lead":"**ChatGPT** is a chat assistant made by OpenAI. You type or say something in plain language (a question, a request, a half-formed idea) and it answers in conversation: it explains, drafts, summarizes, translates, writes code, and keeps the thread so you can ask follow-ups. It launched as a free research preview on 30 November 2022 and spread faster than almost any consumer product before it. For many people, 'ChatGPT' became the name of the whole idea.","analogy":"ChatGPT is the shop window and GPT is the workshop behind it. You talk to the person at the counter, but the work is done in the back, and the workshop's tools get upgraded every so often while the counter looks the same.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/chatgpt/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/chatgpt/index.md"},"es":{"title":"ChatGPT","tagline":"El asistente de chat de OpenAI, la app que llevó los chatbots de IA al público.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"Una ventana de chat con una pregunta y una respuesta, conectada a una caja de modelo GPT, con herramientas extra abajo: búsqueda web, archivos e imágenes","lead":"**ChatGPT** es un asistente de chat hecho por OpenAI. Escribís o decís algo con palabras comunes (una pregunta, un pedido, una idea a medio armar) y te contesta en forma de conversación: explica, redacta, resume, traduce, escribe código y se acuerda del hilo para que sigas preguntando. Salió como versión de prueba gratuita el 30 de noviembre de 2022 y se difundió más rápido que casi cualquier producto de consumo anterior. Para mucha gente, 'ChatGPT' pasó a ser el nombre de toda la idea.","analogy":"ChatGPT es la vidriera y GPT es el taller de atrás. Vos hablás con quien atiende el mostrador, pero el trabajo se hace en el fondo, y las herramientas del taller se renuevan cada tanto mientras el mostrador sigue igual.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/chatgpt/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/chatgpt/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-semiconductor-chip","slug":"semiconductor-chip","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-semiconductor-chip.svg","en":{"title":"Chip","tagline":"A sliver of silicon carrying billions of tiny switches that compute and remember.","aliases":["chips","microchip","microchips","semiconductor chip","semiconductor chips","integrated circuit","integrated circuits","semiconductor","semiconductors","silicon wafer"],"imageAlt":"A round silicon wafer divided into a grid of squares; one square is cut out and shown packaged as a chip with metal pins","lead":"A **chip** (or **integrated circuit**) is a small square of silicon, often smaller than a fingernail, with an entire electronic circuit built into its surface: billions of transistors, the tiny switches that do all digital work, plus the microscopic wiring between them. The CPU and GPU are chips, so is the RAM, the flash memory in an SSD, and the controllers inside a microwave or a car.","analogy":"A city printed on a stamp. Streets, buildings and traffic lights, all drawn so small that a whole metropolis fits on a fingernail, and all printed at once, many cities per sheet.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/semiconductor-chip/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/semiconductor-chip/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Chip","tagline":"Un pedacito de silicio con miles de millones de interruptores que calculan y recuerdan.","aliases":["chips","microchip","microchips","circuito integrado","circuitos integrados","semiconductor","semiconductores","oblea de silicio"],"imageAlt":"Una oblea redonda de silicio dividida en una grilla de cuadrados; uno se recorta y aparece encapsulado como un chip con patas metálicas","lead":"Un **chip** (o **circuito integrado**) es un cuadradito de silicio, muchas veces más chico que una uña, con un circuito electrónico entero construido en su superficie: miles de millones de transistores, los interruptores diminutos que hacen todo el trabajo digital, más el cableado microscópico entre ellos. La CPU y la GPU son chips, también la RAM, la memoria flash de un SSD, y los controladores adentro de un microondas o de un auto.","analogy":"Una ciudad impresa en una estampilla. Calles, edificios y semáforos, dibujados tan chiquitos que una metrópolis entera entra en una uña, y todos impresos de una, muchas ciudades por hoja.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/semiconductor-chip/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/semiconductor-chip/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-ci-cd","slug":"ci-cd","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-ci-cd.svg","en":{"title":"CI/CD","tagline":"Automation that builds, tests and ships every code change, so releases become routine.","aliases":["continuous integration","continuous delivery","continuous deployment","CI pipeline","CI pipelines","CI/CD pipeline","CI/CD pipelines"],"imageAlt":"A commit flows through a pipeline of build, test and deploy stages, with a failed test stopping the line before production","lead":"**CI/CD** names two linked practices. **Continuous integration** (CI) means developers merge their changes into the shared code often, at least daily, and every merge automatically triggers a build and a run of the automated tests. If something breaks, the team learns within minutes, while the change is still fresh, instead of weeks later.","analogy":"An assembly line with quality checks at every station. Each part is inspected as soon as it is added, and a defective one stops the belt before it reaches the customer, not after a full truck has left.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ci-cd/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ci-cd/index.md"},"es":{"title":"CI/CD","tagline":"Automatización que construye, prueba y publica cada cambio, para que lanzar sea rutina.","aliases":["integración continua","entrega continua","despliegue continuo","pipeline de CI","pipelines de CI","pipeline de CI/CD","pipelines de CI/CD"],"imageAlt":"Un commit pasa por un pipeline con etapas de build, tests y deploy, y un test que falla frena la línea antes de producción","lead":"**CI/CD** nombra dos prácticas ligadas. La **integración continua** (CI) significa que los developers suman sus cambios al código compartido seguido, al menos una vez por día, y cada integración dispara automáticamente un build y una corrida de los tests automáticos. Si algo se rompe, el equipo se entera en minutos, con el cambio todavía fresco, y no semanas después.","analogy":"Una línea de montaje con controles de calidad en cada estación. Cada pieza se revisa apenas se agrega, y una fallada frena la cinta antes de llegar al cliente, no después de que salió un camión entero.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ci-cd/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ci-cd/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-cisco","slug":"cisco","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-cisco.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Cisco","tagline":"The company that makes much of the network gear connecting offices to the internet.","aliases":["Cisco Systems"],"imageAlt":"An office network: laptops and Wi-Fi access points connect to a switch, the switch to a router, then a firewall, then the internet","lead":"**Cisco Systems** was founded in 1984 by Leonard Bosack and Sandy Lerner, who worked on Stanford University's computer networks, and is based in San Jose, California. Its first products were routers, the boxes that pass data between different networks, and it grew with the internet itself in the 1990s. Today much of the equipment inside corporate offices, universities, internet providers and data centers carries its name.","analogy":"A company that builds the roads, junctions and traffic lights for data. You rarely see its name, but most office traffic passes through its intersections on the way out to the internet.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cisco/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cisco/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Cisco","tagline":"La empresa que hace buena parte de los equipos de red que conectan oficinas a internet.","aliases":["Cisco Systems"],"imageAlt":"La red de una oficina: laptops y puntos de acceso Wi-Fi se conectan a un switch, el switch a un router, después a un firewall y de ahí a internet","lead":"**Cisco Systems** se fundó en 1984 por Leonard Bosack y Sandy Lerner, que trabajaban en las redes de computadoras de la Universidad de Stanford, y tiene su sede en San José, California. Sus primeros productos fueron routers, las cajas que pasan datos entre redes distintas, y creció junto con la propia internet en los años 90. Hoy buena parte de los equipos que hay adentro de oficinas, universidades, proveedores de internet y data centers lleva su nombre.","analogy":"Una empresa que construye las rutas, los cruces y los semáforos de los datos. Casi nunca ves su nombre, pero la mayor parte del tráfico de una oficina pasa por sus esquinas camino a internet.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cisco/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cisco/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-claude","slug":"claude","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["ai","companies"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-claude.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Claude","tagline":"Anthropic's family of AI models, and the assistant app built on them.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"Three ways in, the app, the API and Claude Code, all lead down to one family of models drawn as three boxes of growing size: Haiku, Sonnet and Opus","lead":"**Claude** is the name of the large language models made by Anthropic, and of the assistant people use to talk to them. Like other chat assistants, it answers questions, writes and edits text, summarizes long documents, analyzes data, reads images and PDFs, and writes code. The first version came out in March 2023, and Anthropic releases new generations regularly, numbered like Claude 3 or Claude 4.","analogy":"Claude is like a firm of assistants with the same training but different seniority: a quick junior for simple errands, a reliable mid-level for most work, and a senior partner for the hardest problems, who takes longer and bills more.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/claude/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/claude/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Claude","tagline":"La familia de modelos de IA de Anthropic, y el asistente construido sobre ellos.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"Tres entradas, la app, la API y Claude Code, llevan a una misma familia de modelos dibujada como tres cajas de tamaño creciente: Haiku, Sonnet y Opus","lead":"**Claude** es el nombre de los grandes modelos de lenguaje que hace Anthropic, y también del asistente que la gente usa para hablar con ellos. Como otros asistentes de chat, responde preguntas, escribe y corrige textos, resume documentos largos, analiza datos, lee imágenes y PDFs y programa. La primera versión salió en marzo de 2023, y Anthropic lanza generaciones nuevas cada tanto, numeradas como Claude 3 o Claude 4.","analogy":"Claude es como un estudio con asistentes de la misma formación pero distinta experiencia: un junior rápido para los mandados simples, un semi senior confiable para la mayoría del trabajo y un socio senior para los problemas más difíciles, que tarda más y cobra más.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/claude/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/claude/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-clock-speed","slug":"clock-speed","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-clock-speed.svg","en":{"title":"Clock speed","tagline":"How many times per second a processor ticks, measured in gigahertz (GHz).","aliases":["clock rate","clock frequency","GHz","gigahertz","clock cycle","clock cycles","turbo boost"],"imageAlt":"A square wave of clock ticks, each tick moving a row of instructions one step forward, labeled 3 GHz as three billion ticks per second","lead":"Inside every CPU there is a **clock**: a signal that pulses at a perfectly regular rhythm, and every part of the chip moves one step forward on each pulse. **Clock speed** is how fast that rhythm is. One hertz is one tick per second, so a CPU at 3 **GHz** (gigahertz) ticks three billion times every second. Typical desktop and laptop processors run at roughly 2 to 5 GHz.","analogy":"The drummer on a galley ship. Every beat, the rowers pull once. A faster drummer means more strokes per minute, but how far the boat moves also depends on how strong each rower is and how many there are.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/clock-speed/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/clock-speed/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Velocidad de reloj","tagline":"Cuántas veces por segundo late un procesador, medido en gigahertz (GHz).","aliases":["frecuencia de reloj","GHz","gigahertz","gigahercio","gigahercios","ciclo de reloj","ciclos de reloj"],"imageAlt":"Una onda cuadrada de pulsos de reloj, cada pulso avanza una fila de instrucciones un paso, con la etiqueta 3 GHz como tres mil millones de pulsos por segundo","lead":"Adentro de toda CPU hay un **reloj**: una señal que pulsa con un ritmo perfectamente regular, y cada parte del chip avanza un paso en cada pulso. La **velocidad de reloj** es qué tan rápido es ese ritmo. Un hertz es un pulso por segundo, así que una CPU a 3 **GHz** (gigahertz) late tres mil millones de veces por segundo. Los procesadores típicos de escritorio y laptop andan más o menos entre 2 y 5 GHz.","analogy":"El tambor de una galera. En cada golpe, los remeros tiran una vez. Un tambor más rápido da más remadas por minuto, pero cuánto avanza el barco también depende de la fuerza de cada remero y de cuántos haya.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/clock-speed/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/clock-speed/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-cloud-computing","slug":"cloud-computing","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-cloud-computing.svg","en":{"title":"Cloud computing","tagline":"Renting computers over the internet instead of buying your own.","aliases":["the cloud","cloud"],"imageAlt":"A cloud holding servers for compute, storage and database, used from a laptop and a phone","lead":"**Cloud computing** means using someone else's computers over the internet, paid by the hour or by use, instead of buying and running your own. The \"cloud\" is not in the sky: it is huge buildings full of servers (a data center) owned by companies like AWS, Microsoft and Google, which rent out slices of them.","analogy":"Electricity from the grid. You do not build a power plant in your backyard; you plug in, use what you need, and pay the meter at the end of the month.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cloud-computing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cloud-computing/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Computación en la nube","tagline":"Alquilar computadoras por internet en vez de comprar las tuyas.","aliases":["la nube","nube"],"imageAlt":"Una nube con servidores de cómputo, almacenamiento y base de datos, usada desde una laptop y un celular","lead":"**Computación en la nube** (o simplemente **la nube**) es usar computadoras de otro a través de internet, pagando por hora o por uso, en vez de comprar y mantener las tuyas. La nube no está en el cielo: son edificios enormes llenos de servidores (un centro de datos) de empresas como AWS, Microsoft o Google, que alquilan pedacitos.","analogy":"La electricidad de la red. No construís una central en el fondo de tu casa: enchufás, usás lo que necesitás y pagás el medidor a fin de mes.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cloud-computing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cloud-computing/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-cloudflare","slug":"cloudflare","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-cloudflare.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Cloudflare","tagline":"A global network that sits in front of websites to make them faster and safer.","aliases":["Cloudflare Workers"],"imageAlt":"Visitors and attackers reach a Cloudflare network that sits in front of a website: it blocks attacks, serves cached copies and passes the rest to the origin server","lead":"**Cloudflare** is an American company founded in 2009 by Matthew Prince, Michelle Zatlyn and Lee Holloway. It runs a network of data centers in cities all over the world, and websites put it **in front of** their own servers. When you visit a site that uses Cloudflare, your request first reaches the Cloudflare data center closest to you, not the site's real server, which is called the **origin**.","analogy":"A front desk with a security guard for a building. Visitors check in at the lobby, the guard turns away troublemakers, and common questions get answered right there without bothering the people upstairs.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cloudflare/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cloudflare/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Cloudflare","tagline":"Una red global que se pone delante de los sitios web para que sean más rápidos y seguros.","aliases":["Cloudflare Workers"],"imageAlt":"Visitantes y atacantes llegan a la red de Cloudflare, que está delante de un sitio web: frena ataques, sirve copias en caché y le pasa el resto al servidor de origen","lead":"**Cloudflare** es una empresa estadounidense fundada en 2009 por Matthew Prince, Michelle Zatlyn y Lee Holloway. Opera una red de data centers en ciudades de todo el mundo, y los sitios web la ponen **delante** de sus propios servidores. Cuando entrás a un sitio que usa Cloudflare, tu pedido llega primero al data center de Cloudflare más cercano, no al servidor real del sitio, que se llama **origen**.","analogy":"La recepción de un edificio con su guardia de seguridad. Los visitantes se anuncian en el hall, el guardia frena a los que vienen a molestar, y las consultas comunes se responden ahí mismo sin subir a molestar a nadie.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cloudflare/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cloudflare/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-cms","slug":"cms","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-cms.svg","en":{"title":"CMS","tagline":"Software that lets people publish and edit a website's content without writing code.","aliases":["CMSs","content management system","content management systems","WordPress","headless CMS"],"imageAlt":"An editor fills in a simple form with a title, text and photo; the CMS stores it and publishes it as a finished web page using a template","lead":"A **CMS** (content management system) is software for creating, editing and publishing the content of a website through forms, without touching HTML. An editor logs in, writes a title, pastes some text, uploads a photo and clicks \"Publish\"; the CMS stores it in a database and fills in the site's design template to produce the finished page.","analogy":"A newspaper's layout system. Reporters type their stories into fixed boxes for headline, body and photo; the page designers already decided how a front page looks, so each story lands in the right place automatically.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cms/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cms/index.md"},"es":{"title":"CMS","tagline":"Software que permite publicar y editar el contenido de un sitio sin escribir código.","aliases":["CMSs","sistema de gestión de contenidos","sistemas de gestión de contenidos","gestor de contenidos","gestores de contenidos","WordPress","CMS headless"],"imageAlt":"Una editora completa un formulario simple con título, texto y foto; el CMS lo guarda y lo publica como página web terminada usando una plantilla","lead":"Un **CMS** (content management system, sistema de gestión de contenidos) es un software para crear, editar y publicar el contenido de un sitio web a través de formularios, sin tocar HTML. Una editora entra con su usuario, escribe un título, pega un texto, sube una foto y hace clic en \"Publicar\"; el CMS lo guarda en una base de datos y completa la plantilla de diseño del sitio para armar la página terminada.","analogy":"El sistema de armado de un diario. Los periodistas cargan su nota en casilleros fijos para título, cuerpo y foto; los diagramadores ya decidieron cómo se ve una tapa, así que cada nota cae sola en su lugar.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cms/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cms/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-code-review","slug":"code-review","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-code-review.svg","en":{"title":"Code review","tagline":"Having another person read a code change before it becomes part of the product.","aliases":["code reviews","pull request","pull requests","merge request","merge requests"],"imageAlt":"A branch with a change opens a pull request; a reviewer leaves a comment, automated checks pass, and after approval it is merged into main","lead":"**Code review** is the practice of having at least one other developer read and approve a change before it is merged into the main code. Today it almost always happens through a **pull request** (GitLab calls it a **merge request**): the author pushes their change to a separate branch, opens a page that shows exactly which lines were added and removed, and explains why.","analogy":"Like having a colleague proofread an important email before you send it to a client. They catch typos, but more often they say \"this part could be misunderstood\", and next time you write it better yourself.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/code-review/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/code-review/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Revisión de código","tagline":"Que otra persona lea un cambio de código antes de que pase a ser parte del producto.","aliases":["code review","revisiones de código","pull request","pull requests","merge request","merge requests"],"imageAlt":"Una rama con un cambio abre un pull request; una revisora deja un comentario, los chequeos automáticos pasan y, después de la aprobación, se integra en main","lead":"La **revisión de código** (code review) es la práctica de que al menos otro developer lea y apruebe un cambio antes de que se integre al código principal. Hoy casi siempre pasa a través de un **pull request** (GitLab lo llama **merge request**): quien escribió el cambio lo sube a una rama aparte, abre una página que muestra exactamente qué líneas se agregaron y cuáles se sacaron, y explica por qué.","analogy":"Como pedirle a un colega que lea un mail importante antes de mandárselo a un cliente. Encuentra errores de tipeo, pero más seguido te dice \"esta parte se puede malinterpretar\", y la próxima vez lo escribís mejor solo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/code-review/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/code-review/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-command-line","slug":"command-line","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-command-line.svg","en":{"title":"Command line","tagline":"Controlling a computer by typing text commands instead of clicking icons.","aliases":["command-line interface","CLI","CLIs","terminal","shell","command prompt"],"imageAlt":"A dark terminal window where a user types short commands to move into a folder, list files and count lines, and the computer replies in text","lead":"The **command line** is a way to use a computer by typing instructions and reading text replies, with no buttons or icons. You open a **terminal** app (Terminal on a Mac, Windows Terminal or PowerShell on Windows) and type something like `ls` to list the files in a folder, `cd photos` to move into a folder, or `cp report.pdf backup/` to copy a file. The program that reads and runs what you type is called the **shell**; Bash and Zsh are common ones.","analogy":"Ordering at a counter by saying exactly what you want, instead of pointing at pictures on a menu. It takes learning the words, but once you know them it is faster and you can ask for things that are not on the pictures.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/command-line/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/command-line/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Línea de comandos","tagline":"Manejar una computadora escribiendo comandos de texto en vez de hacer clic en íconos.","aliases":["interfaz de línea de comandos","CLI","terminal","shell","consola de comandos"],"imageAlt":"Una ventana de terminal oscura donde alguien escribe comandos cortos para entrar a una carpeta, listar archivos y contar líneas, y la computadora responde con texto","lead":"La **línea de comandos** es una forma de usar la computadora escribiendo instrucciones y leyendo respuestas en texto, sin botones ni íconos. Abrís una app de **terminal** (Terminal en una Mac, Windows Terminal o PowerShell en Windows) y escribís algo como `ls` para listar los archivos de una carpeta, `cd fotos` para entrar a una carpeta o `cp informe.pdf backup/` para copiar un archivo. El programa que lee y ejecuta lo que escribís se llama **shell**; Bash y Zsh son de los más comunes.","analogy":"Pedir en un mostrador diciendo exactamente lo que querés, en vez de señalar fotos en un menú. Hay que aprender las palabras, pero una vez que las sabés es más rápido y podés pedir cosas que no están en las fotos.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/command-line/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/command-line/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-compiler","slug":"compiler","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-compiler.svg","en":{"title":"Compiler","tagline":"A program that translates source code into instructions a computer can run directly.","aliases":["compilers","compiled language","compiled languages","compile time"],"imageAlt":"Source code goes into a compiler, which checks it, reports an error on one line, and otherwise produces machine code ready to run on a CPU","lead":"A **compiler** is a program that reads source code written in a language like C, Rust, Go or Swift and translates the whole thing, ahead of time, into **machine code**: the low-level instructions a specific kind of CPU executes. The result is a file you can run on its own, like the app you double-click, without the original source code or the compiler.","analogy":"A translator who receives a whole book, translates it carefully, checks it for mistakes and hands you a finished edition. An interpreter is more like a live interpreter, translating sentence by sentence as the speaker talks.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/compiler/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/compiler/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Compilador","tagline":"Un programa que traduce código fuente a instrucciones que la computadora corre directo.","aliases":["compiladores","lenguaje compilado","lenguajes compilados","compilación"],"imageAlt":"El código fuente entra a un compilador, que lo revisa, marca un error en una línea y, si no hay errores, produce código máquina listo para correr en una CPU","lead":"Un **compilador** es un programa que lee código fuente escrito en un lenguaje como C, Rust, Go o Swift y lo traduce entero, de antemano, a **código máquina**: las instrucciones de bajo nivel que ejecuta un tipo específico de CPU. El resultado es un archivo que corre por sí solo, como la app a la que le hacés doble clic, sin necesitar el código fuente original ni el compilador.","analogy":"Un traductor que recibe un libro entero, lo traduce con cuidado, lo revisa y te entrega una edición terminada. Un intérprete se parece más a un intérprete simultáneo, que traduce frase por frase mientras habla el orador.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/compiler/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/compiler/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-computer-vision","slug":"computer-vision","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-computer-vision.svg","en":{"title":"Computer vision","tagline":"The part of AI that lets computers find and understand what is in images and video.","aliases":["machine vision","image recognition"],"imageAlt":"A street photo with boxes drawn around a car and a person, each tagged with a label and a confidence score","lead":"**Computer vision** is the field of AI that gets computers to make sense of images and video. To a computer a photo is just a grid of numbers, one per pixel; computer vision turns that grid into useful statements like 'there is a pedestrian 10 meters ahead', 'this X-ray shows a fracture' or 'this receipt says 4,250'.","analogy":"A trainee radiologist who has looked at a million labeled scans. They spot patterns fast and tirelessly, but show them something truly unusual and they may confidently call it the closest thing they have seen before.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/computer-vision/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/computer-vision/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Visión por computadora","tagline":"La parte de la IA que le permite a una computadora entender qué hay en imágenes y video.","aliases":["visión artificial","computer vision","reconocimiento de imágenes"],"imageAlt":"Una foto de una calle con recuadros alrededor de un auto y una persona, cada uno con una etiqueta y un puntaje de confianza","lead":"La **visión por computadora** (visión artificial, computer vision) es el campo de la IA que logra que una computadora entienda imágenes y video. Para una computadora, una foto es solo una grilla de números, uno por píxel; la visión por computadora convierte esa grilla en afirmaciones útiles como 'hay un peatón a 10 metros', 'esta radiografía muestra una fractura' o 'este ticket dice 4.250'.","analogy":"Es como un residente de radiología que ya miró un millón de placas etiquetadas. Encuentra patrones rápido y sin cansarse, pero si le mostrás algo realmente raro puede decirte con total seguridad que es lo más parecido que vio antes.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/computer-vision/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/computer-vision/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-container","slug":"container","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["cloud","software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-container.svg","en":{"title":"Container","tagline":"A sealed box with a program and everything it needs to run anywhere.","aliases":["containers"],"imageAlt":"One packaged image with app, libraries and runtime, copied unchanged onto a laptop, a server and the cloud","lead":"A **container** packages a program together with everything it needs to run: the libraries, the settings, the exact version of the language runtime. That package, called an **image**, runs the same on your laptop, on a colleague's machine and on a server in the cloud. **Docker** is the tool that made containers popular, and a `Dockerfile` is the recipe that builds an image.","analogy":"A shipping container. Whatever is inside, every crane, truck and ship knows how to handle the box, so the cargo moves from port to port without being repacked.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/container/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/container/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Contenedor","tagline":"Una caja cerrada con un programa y todo lo que necesita para correr en cualquier lado.","aliases":["contenedores"],"imageAlt":"Una imagen empaquetada con app, librerías y runtime, copiada sin cambios a una laptop, un servidor y la nube","lead":"Un **contenedor** empaqueta un programa junto con todo lo que necesita para correr: las librerías, la configuración, la versión exacta del lenguaje. Ese paquete, llamado **imagen**, corre igual en tu laptop, en la máquina de un compañero y en un servidor en la nube. **Docker** es la herramienta que hizo populares a los contenedores, y un `Dockerfile` es la receta con la que se arma una imagen.","analogy":"Un contenedor de barco. Sea lo que sea que tenga adentro, cualquier grúa, camión o barco sabe cómo manejar la caja, y la carga va de puerto en puerto sin reempacarse.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/container/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/container/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-context-window","slug":"context-window","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-context-window.svg","en":{"title":"Context window","tagline":"How much text an AI model can take into account at once, measured in tokens.","aliases":["context windows","context length"],"imageAlt":"A long row of tokens with a frame around the most recent ones, labeled what the model can see; the oldest tokens sit outside the frame and fall out","lead":"The **context window** is the amount of text a language model can look at in one go. Everything the model uses to produce an answer has to fit inside it: the hidden instructions from the app, your conversation so far, any documents you pasted or uploaded, and the reply it is writing. It is measured in tokens, the chunks of text models work with; in English a token is roughly three quarters of a word.","analogy":"Like a desk with limited space. You can spread out only so many pages at once; to bring in a new one, an old one has to go back in the drawer, and whatever is in the drawer you cannot read right now.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/context-window/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/context-window/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Ventana de contexto","tagline":"Cuánto texto puede tener en cuenta un modelo de IA a la vez, medido en tokens.","aliases":["ventanas de contexto","context window"],"imageAlt":"Una fila larga de tokens con un marco alrededor de los más recientes, rotulado lo que el modelo puede ver; los tokens más viejos quedan afuera del marco y se pierden","lead":"La **ventana de contexto** (context window) es la cantidad de texto que un modelo de lenguaje puede mirar de una sola vez. Todo lo que el modelo usa para responder tiene que entrar ahí: las instrucciones ocultas de la app, tu conversación hasta el momento, los documentos que pegaste o subiste y la respuesta que está escribiendo. Se mide en tokens, los pedacitos de texto con los que trabajan los modelos; en inglés un token es más o menos tres cuartos de palabra, y en español suele rendir un poco menos.","analogy":"Es como un escritorio con espacio limitado. Podés desplegar solo cierta cantidad de hojas a la vez; para traer una nueva, una vieja tiene que volver al cajón, y lo que está en el cajón no lo podés leer en este momento.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/context-window/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/context-window/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-cookies","slug":"cookies","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security","software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-cookies.svg","en":{"title":"Cookies","tagline":"Small notes a website asks your browser to keep, so it can recognize you later.","aliases":["cookie","HTTP cookie","HTTP cookies","browser cookies","third-party cookies","tracking cookies"],"imageAlt":"A website hands the browser a small cookie with an id; on the next visit the browser shows it back, and an ad network's cookie follows the user across several sites","lead":"A **cookie** is a small piece of text that a website asks your web browser to store, like `session=8f3a…`. Every time you go back to that site, the browser sends the cookie along with each request. That is how a site remembers that you are logged in, what is in your cart or which language you picked, even though each page load is otherwise a separate conversation.","analogy":"The wristband you get at a festival. Show it at the gate and they let you back in without paying again. A tracking cookie is like a sponsor who stamped your hand and has staff at every festival in the country checking for the stamp.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cookies/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cookies/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Cookies","tagline":"Notitas que un sitio le pide a tu navegador que guarde, para reconocerte después.","aliases":["cookie","cookies de terceros","cookies de seguimiento","cookies del navegador"],"imageAlt":"Un sitio le da al navegador una cookie chiquita con un id; en la visita siguiente el navegador la devuelve, y la cookie de una red de avisos sigue al usuario por varios sitios","lead":"Una **cookie** es un pedacito de texto que un sitio web le pide a tu navegador que guarde, algo como `session=8f3a…`. Cada vez que volvés a ese sitio, el navegador manda la cookie junto con cada pedido. Así es como un sitio se acuerda de que iniciaste sesión, de qué hay en tu carrito o de qué idioma elegiste, aunque cada carga de página sea, en principio, una conversación aparte.","analogy":"La pulserita que te dan en un festival. La mostrás en la entrada y te dejan volver a pasar sin pagar de nuevo. Una cookie de seguimiento es como un sponsor que te selló la mano y tiene gente en todos los festivales del país buscando ese sello.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cookies/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cookies/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-cpu-cores-and-threads","slug":"cpu-cores-and-threads","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-cpu-cores-and-threads.svg","en":{"title":"Cores and threads","tagline":"Why a CPU is really several processors, and why it can juggle even more tasks.","aliases":["CPU core","CPU cores","cores","hardware thread","hardware threads","threads","hyper-threading","SMT","simultaneous multithreading","multithreading"],"imageAlt":"A CPU with four cores; each core is fed by two threads, shown as two lanes of tasks merging into it","lead":"A **core** is a complete processor: it can fetch instructions and execute them on its own. For decades a CPU had one. Since the mid-2000s, chipmakers have put several cores on the same chip instead of making a single core ever faster, so a laptop processor might have 8 or more and a server processor many dozens. Each core can run a different program, or a different piece of the same program, at the same time.","analogy":"Cores are cooks in a kitchen; threads are the orders on the rail. Hyper-Threading is a cook who keeps two pans going, stirring one while the other heats. Ten cooks will not make one soufflé rise faster.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cpu-cores-and-threads/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cpu-cores-and-threads/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Núcleos e hilos","tagline":"Por qué una CPU es en realidad varios procesadores, y cómo atiende todavía más tareas.","aliases":["núcleos","núcleo de CPU","núcleos de CPU","hilos","hyper-threading","SMT","multihilo"],"imageAlt":"Una CPU con cuatro núcleos; a cada núcleo lo alimentan dos hilos, dibujados como dos carriles de tareas que se juntan en él","lead":"Un **núcleo** (core) es un procesador completo: puede buscar instrucciones y ejecutarlas por su cuenta. Durante décadas una CPU tenía uno. Desde mediados de los 2000, los fabricantes ponen varios núcleos en el mismo chip en vez de hacer un único núcleo cada vez más rápido, así que el procesador de una laptop puede tener 8 o más y el de un servidor varias decenas. Cada núcleo puede correr un programa distinto, o una parte distinta del mismo programa, al mismo tiempo.","analogy":"Los núcleos son cocineros en una cocina; los hilos, las comandas colgadas. Hyper-Threading es un cocinero que maneja dos sartenes, revolviendo una mientras la otra se calienta. Diez cocineros no hacen que un soufflé suba más rápido.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cpu-cores-and-threads/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cpu-cores-and-threads/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-cpu","slug":"cpu","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-cpu.svg","en":{"title":"CPU","tagline":"The chip that runs your programs, one instruction after another, very fast.","aliases":["CPUs","processor"],"imageAlt":"A chip with four cores inside, a stream of instructions entering from the left and a clock ticking above","lead":"The **CPU** (Central Processing Unit) is the chip that executes programs. Everything a computer does, from opening a file to running a browser, is a stream of tiny instructions (add these two numbers, copy this to memory, jump to that line), and the CPU runs through them billions of times per second. It is the general-purpose brain: not specialized in anything, able to do everything.","analogy":"A chef who can cook any recipe, one step at a time, very fast. More cores means more chefs in the kitchen; a GPU is a separate room with a thousand helpers who only chop.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cpu/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cpu/index.md"},"es":{"title":"CPU","tagline":"El chip que ejecuta tus programas, una instrucción tras otra, muy rápido.","aliases":["CPUs","procesador"],"imageAlt":"Un chip con cuatro núcleos adentro, una fila de instrucciones que entra por la izquierda y un reloj arriba","lead":"La **CPU** (Central Processing Unit, unidad central de procesamiento) es el chip que ejecuta los programas. Todo lo que hace una computadora, desde abrir un archivo hasta correr un navegador, es una fila de instrucciones chiquitas (sumá estos dos números, copiá esto a memoria, saltá a aquella línea), y la CPU las recorre miles de millones de veces por segundo. Es el cerebro de uso general: no está especializada en nada y puede hacer de todo.","analogy":"Un chef que puede cocinar cualquier receta, paso por paso, muy rápido. Más núcleos son más chefs en la cocina; una GPU es otra sala con mil ayudantes que solo pican.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cpu/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cpu/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-cross-site-scripting","slug":"cross-site-scripting","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-cross-site-scripting.svg","en":{"title":"Cross-site scripting","tagline":"Sneaking code into a website so it runs in other visitors' browsers.","aliases":["XSS","cross site scripting"],"imageAlt":"An attacker posts a comment with hidden code to a site; the site shows it to another visitor, whose browser runs it and sends their session cookie to the attacker","lead":"Websites constantly show text that someone else wrote: comments, product reviews, usernames, the words you searched for. **Cross-site scripting**, almost always called **XSS**, happens when a site shows that text without making sure it stays text. If an attacker writes a comment that contains a bit of JavaScript disguised inside HTML, and the site pastes it into the page as is, every visitor's web browser reads it as part of the page and runs it.","analogy":"A community bulletin board where the person in charge reads every note aloud to the room. If someone pins up a note saying 'everyone, hand your house keys to the person by the door', a careless reader announces it as if it were official. A good reader says 'this note says…' and never treats it as an order.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cross-site-scripting/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cross-site-scripting/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Cross-site scripting","tagline":"Meter código en un sitio web para que se ejecute en los navegadores de otros visitantes.","aliases":["XSS","cross site scripting"],"imageAlt":"Un atacante publica un comentario con código escondido en un sitio; el sitio se lo muestra a otro visitante, cuyo navegador lo ejecuta y le manda la cookie de sesión al atacante","lead":"Los sitios web muestran todo el tiempo texto que escribió otra persona: comentarios, reseñas, nombres de usuario, lo que buscaste. El **cross-site scripting**, que casi todos llaman **XSS**, ocurre cuando un sitio muestra ese texto sin asegurarse de que siga siendo texto. Si un atacante escribe un comentario con un poco de JavaScript disfrazado dentro de HTML, y el sitio lo pega en la página tal cual, el navegador web de cada visitante lo lee como parte de la página y lo ejecuta.","analogy":"Una cartelera de un club donde el encargado lee en voz alta cada nota. Si alguien pincha una que dice 'todos, denle las llaves de su casa a la persona de la puerta', un lector distraído la anuncia como si fuera oficial. Un buen lector dice 'esta nota dice…' y nunca la trata como una orden.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cross-site-scripting/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cross-site-scripting/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-css","slug":"css","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-css.svg","en":{"title":"CSS","tagline":"The language that decides how a web page looks: colors, fonts, spacing, layout.","aliases":["Cascading Style Sheets","stylesheet","stylesheets","style sheet","style sheets"],"imageAlt":"The same plain web page shown twice: before CSS it is plain text, after a few CSS rules it has colors, a header and a card layout","lead":"**CSS** (Cascading Style Sheets) is the language that styles web pages. HTML says \"this is a heading, this is a list\"; CSS says \"headings are dark blue and large, the list sits in a column on the right, and on a phone everything stacks\". A CSS file is a list of **rules**, each one picking some elements and setting properties, like `h1 { color: navy; }`.","analogy":"HTML is the furniture in a house; CSS is the interior designer's instructions: paint this wall green, put the sofa against the window, use smaller chairs in the small room.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/css/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/css/index.md"},"es":{"title":"CSS","tagline":"El lenguaje que decide cómo se ve una página web: colores, letras, espacios.","aliases":["Cascading Style Sheets","hoja de estilo","hojas de estilo","hojas de estilo en cascada"],"imageAlt":"La misma página web dos veces: antes del CSS es texto plano, después de unas reglas de CSS tiene colores, un encabezado y tarjetas","lead":"**CSS** (Cascading Style Sheets, hojas de estilo en cascada) es el lenguaje que le da estilo a las páginas web. El HTML dice \"esto es un título, esto es una lista\"; el CSS dice \"los títulos son grandes y azul oscuro, la lista va en una columna a la derecha y en el celular todo se apila\". Un archivo CSS es una lista de **reglas**, cada una elige algunos elementos y les fija propiedades, como `h1 { color: navy; }`.","analogy":"El HTML son los muebles de una casa; el CSS son las indicaciones de la decoradora: pintá esta pared de verde, poné el sillón contra la ventana, usá sillas más chicas en el cuarto chico.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/css/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/css/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-csv","slug":"csv","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-csv.svg","en":{"title":"CSV","tagline":"A plain text file that holds a table: one row per line, commas between values.","aliases":["CSV file","CSV files","comma-separated values"],"imageAlt":"A text file named data.csv with three comma-separated lines, and an arrow to the same data shown as a spreadsheet grid","lead":"A **CSV** file (comma-separated values) is the simplest way to write a table down. Each line is a row, and inside a line the values are separated by commas; the first line usually holds the column names. Because it is plain text, any program can read it: a spreadsheet, a database, a script, even a text editor.","analogy":"A shopping list written one item per line, with the quantity after a comma. Anyone can read it and anyone can write it, but nothing stops someone from writing 'a few' where a number should go.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/csv/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/csv/index.md"},"es":{"title":"CSV","tagline":"Un archivo de texto que guarda una tabla: una fila por línea, comas entre valores.","aliases":["archivo CSV","archivos CSV","valores separados por comas"],"imageAlt":"Un archivo de texto llamado data.csv con tres líneas separadas por comas, y una flecha hacia los mismos datos en una grilla de planilla","lead":"Un archivo **CSV** (comma-separated values, valores separados por comas) es la forma más simple de escribir una tabla. Cada línea es una fila, y dentro de una línea los valores van separados por comas; la primera línea suele tener los nombres de las columnas. Como es texto plano, cualquier programa lo puede leer: una planilla, una base de datos, un script, hasta un editor de texto.","analogy":"Una lista del súper escrita con un producto por renglón y la cantidad después de una coma. Cualquiera la lee y cualquiera la escribe, pero nada impide que alguien ponga 'unos cuantos' donde iba un número.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/csv/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/csv/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-cybersecurity","slug":"cybersecurity","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-cybersecurity.svg","en":{"title":"Cybersecurity","tagline":"Protecting computers, networks and data from theft, damage and disruption.","aliases":["cyber security","information security","infosec","IT security"],"imageAlt":"A shield in the middle surrounded by three pillars of cybersecurity: confidentiality, integrity and availability, held up by people, process and technology","lead":"**Cybersecurity** is everything people and organizations do to keep their computers, networks and data safe from attack and misuse. It covers a lot of ground: passwords and two-factor authentication, encryption, firewalls, software updates, backups, training people to spot phishing, and the teams who watch for intruders.","analogy":"Keeping a house safe is not just a good lock: it is also closing windows, knowing who has a key, having an alarm, and insurance for when something still goes wrong.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cybersecurity/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cybersecurity/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Ciberseguridad","tagline":"Proteger computadoras, redes y datos contra robos, daños e interrupciones.","aliases":["seguridad informática","seguridad de la información"],"imageAlt":"Un escudo en el centro rodeado por los tres pilares de la ciberseguridad: confidencialidad, integridad y disponibilidad, sostenidos por personas, procesos y tecnología","lead":"La **ciberseguridad** es todo lo que hacen las personas y las organizaciones para mantener a salvo sus computadoras, redes y datos de ataques y usos indebidos. Abarca mucho: contraseñas y autenticación en dos pasos, cifrado, firewalls, actualizaciones de software, backups, capacitar a la gente para reconocer el phishing y los equipos que vigilan que no entren intrusos.","analogy":"Cuidar una casa no es solo tener una buena cerradura: también es cerrar las ventanas, saber quién tiene llave, tener alarma y un seguro para cuando igual algo sale mal.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cybersecurity/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cybersecurity/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-dark-web","slug":"dark-web","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security","networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-dark-web.svg","en":{"title":"Dark web","tagline":"Websites that are reachable only with special software that hides who is talking to whom.","aliases":["darknet","deep web","onion site","onion sites","Tor Browser"],"imageAlt":"A laptop reaches a .onion site through three relays; the message starts wrapped in three layers and each relay removes one","lead":"The **dark web** is a small part of the internet made of sites you cannot open with a normal browser or find on a search engine. They live on overlay networks, the best known being **Tor**, and have addresses ending in `.onion`. Visiting them requires software like the Tor Browser, which is designed so that neither the site nor anyone watching the network can easily tell who is visiting.","analogy":"Sending a letter inside three sealed envelopes through three couriers. Each courier opens only the outer envelope to see where to take it next, so none of them knows both who sent it and who finally receives it.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/dark-web/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/dark-web/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Dark web","tagline":"Sitios a los que solo se llega con un software especial que oculta quién habla con quién.","aliases":["web oscura","darknet","deep web","Tor Browser"],"imageAlt":"Una notebook llega a un sitio .onion a través de tres relays; el mensaje sale envuelto en tres capas y cada relay le saca una","lead":"La **dark web** (web oscura) es una parte chica de internet formada por sitios que no podés abrir con un navegador común ni encontrar en un buscador. Viven en redes superpuestas, la más conocida es **Tor**, y tienen direcciones que terminan en `.onion`. Para visitarlos hace falta un software como el Tor Browser, pensado para que ni el sitio ni quien observe la red puedan saber fácilmente quién está visitando.","analogy":"Mandar una carta dentro de tres sobres cerrados, a través de tres mensajeros. Cada uno abre solo el sobre de afuera para saber adónde llevarla después, así que ninguno sabe a la vez quién la mandó y quién la recibe al final.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/dark-web/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/dark-web/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-data-breach","slug":"data-breach","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-data-breach.svg","en":{"title":"Data breach","tagline":"When private data an organization holds ends up with people who should not have it.","aliases":["data breaches","data leak","data leaks"],"imageAlt":"A cracked customer database with emails, password hashes and addresses spilling out toward the outside","lead":"A **data breach** happens when information an organization is supposed to protect, such as customer emails, passwords, addresses, card numbers or medical records, is accessed or copied by someone without permission. It can be the work of attackers, but also of an employee who looks where they should not, or of a simple mistake that leaves a file open to the internet.","analogy":"A clinic's filing cabinet left unlocked in a hallway overnight. Nobody may have taken anything yet, but you cannot know who looked inside, and every patient now has to be a little more careful.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-breach/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-breach/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Filtración de datos","tagline":"Cuando información privada que guarda una organización termina en manos de quien no debe.","aliases":["filtraciones de datos","brecha de datos","brechas de datos","fuga de datos","data breach"],"imageAlt":"Una base de datos de clientes agrietada de la que salen correos, hashes de contraseñas y direcciones hacia afuera","lead":"Una **filtración de datos** (en inglés, **data breach**) ocurre cuando alguien accede sin permiso a información que una organización debería proteger, o la copia: correos de clientes, contraseñas, direcciones, números de tarjeta, historias clínicas. Puede ser obra de atacantes, pero también de un empleado que mira donde no debe, o de un simple error que deja un archivo abierto a internet.","analogy":"El fichero de una clínica que quedó sin llave en un pasillo toda la noche. Capaz nadie se llevó nada todavía, pero no podés saber quién miró adentro, y ahora cada paciente tiene que andar con un poco más de cuidado.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-breach/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-breach/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-data-catalog","slug":"data-catalog","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-data-catalog.svg","en":{"title":"Data catalog","tagline":"A searchable inventory of an organization's datasets, with what each one means.","aliases":["data catalogs"],"imageAlt":"A search box finds an entry card for an orders table, showing its owner, its columns and when it was updated, pointing to the real table","lead":"A **data catalog** is an inventory of the data an organization has: every table, file and dashboard, with a description of what it contains, who owns it, when it was last updated and how it connects to the rest. It does not hold the data itself; it holds metadata about it and points to where the data lives.","analogy":"A library catalog: you do not walk every shelf looking for a book, you search the catalog, read the card with the author, the topic and the shelf number, and then go straight to it.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-catalog/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-catalog/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Catálogo de datos","tagline":"Un inventario con buscador de los datos de una organización y qué significa cada uno.","aliases":["catálogos de datos","data catalog"],"imageAlt":"Un buscador encuentra la ficha de una tabla de pedidos, con su dueño, sus columnas y cuándo se actualizó, que apunta a la tabla real","lead":"Un **catálogo de datos** (data catalog) es un inventario de los datos que tiene una organización: cada tabla, archivo y tablero, con una descripción de qué contiene, quién es responsable, cuándo se actualizó por última vez y cómo se conecta con el resto. No guarda los datos en sí; guarda metadatos sobre ellos y apunta a dónde viven.","analogy":"El fichero de una biblioteca: no recorrés todos los estantes buscando un libro, buscás en el fichero, leés la ficha con el autor, el tema y el número de estante, y vas directo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-catalog/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-catalog/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-data-center","slug":"data-center","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["hardware","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-data-center.svg","en":{"title":"Data center","tagline":"A building full of servers where the internet, the cloud and AI actually run.","aliases":["data centers"],"imageAlt":"A building with rows of server racks inside, a power line coming in from the left, a cooling unit on the roof and a fiber line going out to the internet","lead":"A **data center** is a building designed to hold thousands of computers (servers) running around the clock. When you watch a video, send a message, pay with your phone or ask an AI a question, the work happens in one of these buildings, not on your device. The cloud is not a cloud; it is data centers, owned by companies like AWS, Google, Microsoft and Meta, or rented out rack by rack by operators like Equinix.","analogy":"A factory for computing. Electricity goes in, racks of machines do the work, heat comes out, and the product (every web page, stream and AI answer) ships out over fiber.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-center/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-center/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Centro de datos","tagline":"Un edificio lleno de servidores donde realmente corren internet, la nube y la IA.","aliases":["centros de datos","data center"],"imageAlt":"Un edificio con filas de racks de servidores adentro, una línea de energía que entra por la izquierda, un equipo de refrigeración en el techo y una fibra que sale hacia internet","lead":"Un **centro de datos** (data center) es un edificio diseñado para alojar miles de computadoras (servidores) funcionando las 24 horas. Cuando mirás un video, mandás un mensaje, pagás con el celular o le preguntás algo a una IA, el trabajo pasa en uno de estos edificios, no en tu dispositivo. La nube no es una nube; son data centers, propiedad de empresas como AWS, Google, Microsoft y Meta, o alquilados rack por rack por operadores como Equinix.","analogy":"Una fábrica de cómputo. Entra electricidad, racks de máquinas hacen el trabajo, sale calor, y el producto (cada página web, cada stream y cada respuesta de IA) se despacha por fibra.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-center/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-center/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-data-cleaning","slug":"data-cleaning","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-data-cleaning.svg","en":{"title":"Data cleaning","tagline":"Fixing errors, gaps and duplicates in data before anyone trusts it.","aliases":["data cleansing","data scrubbing"],"imageAlt":"A messy table with a duplicate row, a blank cell and mixed date formats passes through a funnel and comes out as a tidy table","lead":"**Data cleaning** is the work of finding and fixing problems in a dataset so it can be used safely. Real data is messy: the same customer typed twice with slightly different names, dates written as `03/04/2025` in one system and `2025-04-03` in another, an age of 250, a blank email, prices with a comma in one country and a dot in another.","analogy":"Washing and sorting vegetables before cooking: you throw out the bruised ones, remove the dirt and cut everything the same size. Skip it and even a great recipe tastes off.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-cleaning/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-cleaning/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Limpieza de datos","tagline":"Corregir errores, huecos y duplicados en los datos antes de confiar en ellos.","aliases":["data cleaning","data cleansing"],"imageAlt":"Una tabla desprolija con una fila duplicada, una celda vacía y fechas en formatos mezclados pasa por un embudo y sale como una tabla ordenada","lead":"La **limpieza de datos** (data cleaning) es el trabajo de encontrar y corregir problemas en un conjunto de datos para poder usarlo con tranquilidad. Los datos reales son desprolijos: el mismo cliente cargado dos veces con el nombre apenas distinto, fechas escritas `03/04/2025` en un sistema y `2025-04-03` en otro, una edad de 250 años, un mail vacío, precios con coma en un país y con punto en otro.","analogy":"Lavar y separar las verduras antes de cocinar: tirás las machucadas, sacás la tierra y cortás todo del mismo tamaño. Si te lo salteás, hasta la mejor receta sale rara.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-cleaning/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-cleaning/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-data-governance","slug":"data-governance","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-data-governance.svg","en":{"title":"Data governance","tagline":"The rules and roles that decide who owns data, who can use it and how it is kept right.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"A shared data table in the middle, surrounded by four cards: owner, rules, access and quality","lead":"**Data governance** is the set of decisions, roles and rules an organization uses to manage its data on purpose instead of by accident. It answers questions like: who is responsible for the customer table, what does \"active customer\" mean, who is allowed to see salaries, how long do we keep old records, and what happens when two reports disagree.","analogy":"The rules of a shared kitchen in an office: who restocks the fridge, what gets labeled, what is off limits and when leftovers are thrown out. Without them, the kitchen still works for a week, and then nobody wants to touch the milk.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-governance/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-governance/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Gobierno de datos","tagline":"Las reglas y roles que deciden de quién son los datos, quién los usa y cómo se cuidan.","aliases":["gobernanza de datos","data governance"],"imageAlt":"Una tabla de datos compartida en el centro, rodeada por cuatro tarjetas: dueño, reglas, acceso y calidad","lead":"El **gobierno de datos** (o gobernanza de datos, data governance en inglés) es el conjunto de decisiones, roles y reglas con que una organización maneja sus datos a propósito y no por accidente. Responde preguntas como: quién es responsable de la tabla de clientes, qué significa \"cliente activo\", quién puede ver los sueldos, cuánto tiempo guardamos los registros viejos y qué pasa cuando dos reportes no coinciden.","analogy":"Las reglas de la cocina compartida de una oficina: quién repone la heladera, qué se etiqueta, qué no se toca y cuándo se tiran las sobras. Sin ellas, la cocina anda una semana, y después nadie quiere tocar la leche.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-governance/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-governance/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-data-lake","slug":"data-lake","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["data","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-data-lake.svg","en":{"title":"Data lake","tagline":"Cheap storage where all your data is kept as raw files, to be sorted out later.","aliases":["data lakes","lakehouse"],"imageAlt":"Apps, sensors and exports drop files into a wide blue lake, where csv, json, logs and image files float side by side","lead":"A **data lake** is a big, cheap store where an organization keeps all its data as files, in whatever shape it arrives: app logs, CSV exports, JSON events, images, sensor readings. Nothing has to be modeled before it lands. On AWS it is usually Amazon S3 with a folder layout and some rules; the structure is applied later, when someone reads the data.","analogy":"A huge storage unit where everything goes in its original box. It is cheap and nothing is lost, but if nobody labels the boxes, finding last year's tax papers becomes an expedition.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-lake/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-lake/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Data lake","tagline":"Almacenamiento barato donde todos los datos se guardan como archivos crudos.","aliases":["data lakes","lago de datos","lagos de datos","lakehouse"],"imageAlt":"Apps, sensores y exportaciones tiran archivos en un lago azul ancho, donde flotan juntos archivos csv, json, logs e imágenes","lead":"Un **data lake** (lago de datos) es un depósito grande y barato donde una organización guarda todos sus datos como archivos, con la forma que tengan al llegar: logs de las apps, exportaciones CSV, eventos en JSON, imágenes, lecturas de sensores. No hace falta modelar nada antes de que entre. En AWS suele ser Amazon S3 con una organización de carpetas y algunas reglas; la estructura se aplica después, cuando alguien lee los datos.","analogy":"Una baulera enorme donde todo entra en su caja original. Es barata y no se pierde nada, pero si nadie etiqueta las cajas, encontrar los papeles de impuestos del año pasado se vuelve una expedición.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-lake/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-lake/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-data-mesh","slug":"data-mesh","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-data-mesh.svg","en":{"title":"Data mesh","tagline":"An organizational approach where each business team owns and publishes its own data.","aliases":["data product","data products"],"imageAlt":"Four domain teams, sales, shipping, payments and marketing, each own a data product and connect to each other through a shared platform in the middle","lead":"A **data mesh** is a way of organizing who does what with data in a large company, more than a piece of technology. In the classic setup, every department sends its data to one central data team, which builds the data warehouse or data lake for everyone. As the company grows, that team becomes a bottleneck: it is far from the business, it does not know what each field really means, and every request waits in its queue.","analogy":"A food market instead of one big restaurant kitchen. Each stall cooks its own specialty and is responsible for it, but they all follow the same health rules and share the tables, the water and the electricity.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-mesh/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-mesh/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Data mesh","tagline":"Una forma de organizarse en la que cada equipo del negocio es dueño de sus propios datos.","aliases":["malla de datos","data product","producto de datos","productos de datos"],"imageAlt":"Cuatro equipos de dominio, ventas, envíos, pagos y marketing, cada uno dueño de un producto de datos, conectados entre sí por una plataforma compartida en el medio","lead":"Un **data mesh** (malla de datos) es una manera de organizar quién hace qué con los datos en una empresa grande, más que una tecnología. En el esquema clásico, cada área le manda sus datos a un único equipo central de datos, que arma el data warehouse o el data lake para todos. A medida que la empresa crece, ese equipo se vuelve un cuello de botella: está lejos del negocio, no sabe qué significa realmente cada campo y cada pedido espera en su fila.","analogy":"Un mercado gastronómico en lugar de la cocina de un solo restaurante grande. Cada puesto cocina su especialidad y responde por ella, pero todos siguen las mismas normas de higiene y comparten las mesas, el agua y la luz.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-mesh/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-mesh/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-data-science","slug":"data-science","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["data","ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-data-science.svg","en":{"title":"Data science","tagline":"Using statistics, code and business sense to answer questions with data.","aliases":["data scientist","data scientists"],"imageAlt":"A cycle that goes from a question to collecting data, cleaning it, exploring it, building a model and communicating the answer, which leads to new questions","lead":"**Data science** is the work of getting useful answers out of data. It mixes three skills: **statistics**, to know what the numbers really say and how sure you can be; **programming**, usually in Python, R and SQL, to handle data too big for a spreadsheet; and **domain knowledge**, to ask questions that matter for a business, a hospital or a lab.","analogy":"Like being a detective with spreadsheets. Most of the job is gathering and checking evidence, the dramatic deduction takes an afternoon, and then you still have to convince the jury.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-science/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-science/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Ciencia de datos","tagline":"Usar estadística, código y conocimiento del negocio para responder preguntas con datos.","aliases":["data science","científico de datos","científicos de datos","científica de datos","data scientist"],"imageAlt":"Un ciclo que va de una pregunta a juntar datos, limpiarlos, explorarlos, armar un modelo y comunicar la respuesta, que lleva a nuevas preguntas","lead":"La **ciencia de datos** (data science) es el trabajo de sacar respuestas útiles de los datos. Mezcla tres habilidades: **estadística**, para saber qué dicen de verdad los números y qué tan seguro podés estar; **programación**, casi siempre en Python, R y SQL, para manejar datos demasiado grandes para una planilla; y **conocimiento del dominio**, para hacer preguntas que importen a una empresa, un hospital o un laboratorio.","analogy":"Como ser detective con planillas. La mayor parte del trabajo es juntar y chequear pruebas, la deducción espectacular lleva una tarde, y después igual tenés que convencer al jurado.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-science/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-science/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-data-streaming","slug":"data-streaming","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["data","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-data-streaming.svg","en":{"title":"Data streaming","tagline":"Processing data as a continuous flow of events, seconds after they happen.","aliases":["streaming data","stream processing","event streaming","Apache Kafka","Kafka","Amazon Kinesis","Kinesis"],"imageAlt":"Payments, clicks and sensors append numbered events to the end of a log, while a dashboard and a fraud check below read it at different positions","lead":"**Data streaming** means handling data as a continuous flow of small events instead of in big periodic batches. Each card payment, click, GPS position or sensor reading is sent the moment it happens, and programs downstream react to it within seconds. A nightly ETL answers 'what happened yesterday?'; a stream answers 'what is happening right now?'.","analogy":"Reading the morning paper versus following a live radio broadcast. The paper (batch) is tidy but a day late; the radio (stream) tells you as it happens, and you can tune in at any moment.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-streaming/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-streaming/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Streaming de datos","tagline":"Procesar datos como un flujo continuo de eventos, segundos después de que pasan.","aliases":["datos en streaming","procesamiento de streams","Apache Kafka","Kafka","Amazon Kinesis","Kinesis"],"imageAlt":"Pagos, clics y sensores agregan eventos numerados al final de un log, mientras un tablero y un control de fraude abajo lo leen en posiciones distintas","lead":"El **streaming de datos** es manejar los datos como un flujo continuo de eventos chiquitos en vez de en grandes tandas periódicas. Cada pago con tarjeta, clic, posición de GPS o lectura de un sensor se envía en el momento en que pasa, y los programas que vienen después reaccionan en segundos. Un ETL nocturno responde '¿qué pasó ayer?'; un stream responde '¿qué está pasando ahora?'.","analogy":"Leer el diario de la mañana o seguir una transmisión de radio en vivo. El diario (por tandas) es prolijo pero llega un día tarde; la radio (el stream) te lo cuenta mientras pasa, y podés sintonizarla en cualquier momento.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-streaming/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-streaming/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-data-warehouse","slug":"data-warehouse","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-data-warehouse.svg","en":{"title":"Data warehouse","tagline":"A database built for analysis: years of history, from many sources, in one place.","aliases":["data warehouses","data warehousing"],"imageAlt":"Three sources, an app database, a CRM and payments, flow into one warehouse box with columns inside, which feeds a bar chart dashboard","lead":"A **data warehouse** is a database designed to answer business questions, not to run an app. The app's own database is busy recording each sale as it happens; the warehouse receives copies of that data, plus data from the CRM, the payments provider and the ad platforms, and keeps years of history in one place, cleaned and organized so the pieces fit together.","analogy":"A company's central archive. Each department keeps its working papers at its own desk (the app databases); every night copies are filed in the archive, labeled the same way, so anyone can pull five years of records and compare them side by side.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-warehouse/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-warehouse/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Data warehouse","tagline":"Una base hecha para analizar: años de historia, de muchas fuentes, en un solo lugar.","aliases":["data warehouses","almacén de datos","almacenes de datos"],"imageAlt":"Tres fuentes, la base de la app, un CRM y los pagos, fluyen a una caja de warehouse con columnas adentro, que alimenta un tablero con gráfico de barras","lead":"Un **data warehouse** (almacén de datos) es una base de datos pensada para responder preguntas del negocio, no para hacer andar una app. La base de la app está ocupada registrando cada venta en el momento; el warehouse recibe copias de esos datos, más los del CRM, el proveedor de pagos y las plataformas de anuncios, y guarda años de historia en un solo lugar, limpios y ordenados para que las piezas encajen.","analogy":"El archivo central de una empresa. Cada área tiene sus papeles de trabajo en su escritorio (las bases de las apps); todas las noches se archivan copias, etiquetadas de la misma forma, así cualquiera puede sacar cinco años de registros y compararlos uno al lado del otro.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-warehouse/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/data-warehouse/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-database","slug":"database","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["software","data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-database.svg","en":{"title":"Database","tagline":"An organized store of data that programs can search and update safely.","aliases":["databases"],"imageAlt":"A database cylinder holding a table of rows and columns, queried by a web app and a mobile app","lead":"A **database** is a program whose whole job is to store data and answer questions about it quickly and safely: every user of an app, every order, every message. Unlike a spreadsheet, it is built to be used by many programs at once, to hold millions of rows, and to never lose or half-save a change, even if the power goes out in the middle of a write.","analogy":"A library with a catalog. Books (data) sit on numbered shelves (tables), the catalog (index) tells you where to look without walking every aisle, and the librarian (the database engine) makes sure two people do not rewrite the same card at the same time.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/database/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/database/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Base de datos","tagline":"Un depósito ordenado de datos que los programas consultan y actualizan sin riesgo.","aliases":["bases de datos"],"imageAlt":"Un cilindro de base de datos con una tabla de filas y columnas, consultado por una app web y una app móvil","lead":"Una **base de datos** es un programa cuyo único trabajo es guardar datos y responder preguntas sobre ellos rápido y de forma segura: cada usuario de una app, cada pedido, cada mensaje. A diferencia de una planilla, está hecha para que la usen muchos programas a la vez, para tener millones de filas, y para no perder ni guardar a medias un cambio, aunque se corte la luz en el medio de una escritura.","analogy":"Una biblioteca con catálogo. Los libros (datos) están en estantes numerados (tablas), el catálogo (índice) te dice dónde buscar sin recorrer todos los pasillos, y el bibliotecario (el motor de la base) se asegura de que dos personas no reescriban la misma ficha a la vez.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/database/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/database/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-database-index","slug":"database-index","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["data","software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-database-index.svg","en":{"title":"Database index","tagline":"A sorted shortcut that lets a database find rows without reading the whole table.","aliases":["index","indexes","indices","B-tree"],"imageAlt":"On the left, a long table read row by row from top to bottom; on the right, a small tree that reaches the right row in three jumps","lead":"A **database index** is an extra structure, kept next to a table, that lets the database jump straight to the rows you ask for. Without one, a query like 'find the customer with email ana@example.com' forces a **full scan**: reading every row until it shows up. With an index on the email column, the database looks the value up in a sorted structure and goes directly to the right row.","analogy":"The index at the back of a book. To find every page that mentions 'photosynthesis' you check the alphabetical list instead of reading the whole book; the price is a few extra pages that must be redone in every new edition.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/database-index/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/database-index/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Índice de base de datos","tagline":"Un atajo ordenado para que la base encuentre filas sin leer toda la tabla.","aliases":["índice","índices","B-tree"],"imageAlt":"A la izquierda, una tabla larga leída fila por fila de arriba a abajo; a la derecha, un árbol chico que llega a la fila correcta en tres saltos","lead":"Un **índice** es una estructura extra, guardada al lado de una tabla, que le permite a la base de datos saltar directo a las filas que le pedís. Sin uno, una consulta como 'buscá el cliente con email ana@example.com' obliga a un **recorrido completo** (full scan): leer todas las filas hasta que aparezca. Con un índice sobre la columna email, la base busca el valor en una estructura ordenada y va directo a la fila correcta.","analogy":"El índice al final de un libro. Para encontrar todas las páginas que hablan de 'fotosíntesis' mirás la lista alfabética en vez de leer el libro entero; el precio son unas páginas extra que hay que rehacer en cada edición nueva.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/database-index/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/database-index/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-database-schema","slug":"database-schema","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-database-schema.svg","en":{"title":"Database schema","tagline":"The blueprint of a database: which tables exist, their columns and how they connect.","aliases":["database schemas","schema","schemas"],"imageAlt":"Blueprint of two tables, customers and orders, listing each column with its type, joined by a line","lead":"A **database schema** is the description of how a database is organized: which tables it has, which columns each table has, what type of value goes in each column (a number, a date, some text), which columns are required, and how tables relate to each other. It describes the shape of the data, not the data itself.","analogy":"The blueprint of a building: it does not tell you who lives there, but it says how many rooms there are, how big each one is and which doors connect them. You cannot put a fridge where the plan says there is a staircase.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/database-schema/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/database-schema/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Esquema de base de datos","tagline":"El plano de una base de datos: qué tablas hay, sus columnas y cómo se conectan.","aliases":["esquemas de base de datos","schema"],"imageAlt":"Plano de dos tablas, customers y orders, con cada columna y su tipo, unidas por una línea","lead":"El **esquema de base de datos** (schema) es la descripción de cómo está organizada una base de datos: qué tablas tiene, qué columnas tiene cada tabla, qué tipo de valor va en cada columna (un número, una fecha, un texto), qué columnas son obligatorias y cómo se relacionan las tablas entre sí. Describe la forma de los datos, no los datos.","analogy":"El plano de un edificio: no te dice quién vive ahí, pero sí cuántos ambientes hay, qué tamaño tiene cada uno y qué puertas los conectan. No podés poner una heladera donde el plano dice que hay una escalera.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/database-schema/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/database-schema/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-dbt","slug":"dbt","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-dbt.svg","en":{"title":"dbt","tagline":"A tool for writing data transformations as SQL files, with tests and docs, like software.","aliases":["data build tool","dbt Core","dbt models"],"imageAlt":"Raw tables flow into staging models and then into a final revenue model, all inside a warehouse, each box being a SQL file","lead":"**dbt** (originally \"data build tool\") is an open source tool for the transform step of a data pipeline, the T in ELT. The data has already been loaded into a data warehouse such as Snowflake, BigQuery, Redshift or Databricks; dbt helps you turn those raw tables into clean, trusted ones. Each transformation is a **model**: a plain `.sql` file with a `SELECT` statement, saved in a git repository.","analogy":"A recipe book for a restaurant kitchen where each recipe says which other preparations it needs. The chef (the warehouse) does the cooking; dbt reads the book, works out the order, and checks every plate before it goes out.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/dbt/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/dbt/index.md"},"es":{"title":"dbt","tagline":"Una herramienta para escribir transformaciones de datos en SQL, con tests, como software.","aliases":["data build tool","dbt Core","modelos de dbt"],"imageAlt":"Tablas crudas fluyen a modelos de staging y después a un modelo final de facturación, todo dentro de un warehouse, y cada caja es un archivo SQL","lead":"**dbt** (al principio \"data build tool\") es una herramienta open source para el paso de transformación de un pipeline de datos, la T de ELT. Los datos ya están cargados en un data warehouse como Snowflake, BigQuery, Redshift o Databricks; dbt te ayuda a convertir esas tablas crudas en tablas limpias y confiables. Cada transformación es un **modelo**: un archivo `.sql` común con una consulta `SELECT`, guardado en un repositorio de git.","analogy":"Un recetario para la cocina de un restaurante donde cada receta dice qué otras preparaciones necesita. El chef (el warehouse) cocina; dbt lee el recetario, calcula el orden y revisa cada plato antes de que salga.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/dbt/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/dbt/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-ddos","slug":"ddos","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["security","networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-ddos.svg","en":{"title":"DDoS","tagline":"Knocking a site offline by flooding it with more traffic than it can handle.","aliases":["DDoS attack","DDoS attacks","denial of service","denial-of-service","botnet","botnets"],"imageAlt":"A botnet of many pink devices floods traffic into a yellow filter wall in front of a server; only real users pass through to the server","lead":"A **DDoS attack** (distributed denial of service) does not break into anything: it buries a website or service under so many requests that real users cannot get through. Every server, link and router has a limit; push enough traffic at it and it slows to a crawl or falls over. 'Distributed' means the flood comes from thousands or millions of machines at once, so blocking a single IP address does nothing.","analogy":"A shop where a crowd of hired people walks in all at once and stands in line asking for nothing. The shop is not robbed, but no real customer can get to the counter until a doorman starts telling them apart.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ddos/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ddos/index.md"},"es":{"title":"DDoS","tagline":"Tirar un sitio inundándolo con más tráfico del que puede aguantar.","aliases":["ataque DDoS","ataques DDoS","denegación de servicio","botnet","botnets"],"imageAlt":"Una botnet de muchos dispositivos rosas manda una avalancha de tráfico contra un muro amarillo de filtrado delante de un servidor; solo los usuarios reales pasan al servidor","lead":"Un **ataque DDoS** (distributed denial of service, denegación de servicio distribuida) no entra a ningún lado: entierra un sitio o un servicio bajo tantos pedidos que los usuarios reales no logran pasar. Todo servidor, enlace y router tiene un límite; si le mandás suficiente tráfico, se pone lentísimo o se cae. 'Distribuido' quiere decir que la avalancha llega desde miles o millones de máquinas a la vez, así que bloquear una dirección IP no sirve de nada.","analogy":"Un negocio donde de golpe entra una multitud contratada que hace la fila sin pedir nada. No roban nada, pero ningún cliente de verdad llega al mostrador hasta que alguien en la puerta empieza a distinguir quién es quién.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ddos/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ddos/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-debugging","slug":"debugging","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-debugging.svg","en":{"title":"Debugging","tagline":"The detective work of finding why a program misbehaves, and fixing it.","aliases":["debug","debugged","debugger","debuggers","breakpoint","breakpoints"],"imageAlt":"The debugging loop: reproduce the problem, narrow down where it happens, fix it, and test that it is gone, with a magnifying glass over a paused line of code","lead":"**Debugging** is the process of tracking down a bug and fixing it. The hard part is rarely the fix itself; it is finding the cause. A wrong number on the screen might come from a typo, from bad data, from two parts of the program disagreeing about a unit, or from something that only happens on Tuesdays in one time zone.","analogy":"A mechanic chasing a strange noise in a car. They first make the noise happen again, then check one part after another, eliminating suspects, until the loose bolt turns up.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/debugging/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/debugging/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Debugging","tagline":"El trabajo de detective de encontrar por qué falla un programa, y arreglarlo.","aliases":["depuración","depurar","debuggear","debugger","depurador","breakpoint","breakpoints"],"imageAlt":"El ciclo del debugging: reproducir el problema, acotar dónde pasa, arreglarlo y probar que desapareció, con una lupa sobre una línea de código en pausa","lead":"El **debugging** (o depuración) es el proceso de rastrear un bug y arreglarlo. Lo difícil casi nunca es el arreglo en sí: es encontrar la causa. Un número equivocado en pantalla puede venir de un error de tipeo, de datos mal cargados, de dos partes del programa que no se ponen de acuerdo en una unidad, o de algo que solo pasa los martes en un huso horario.","analogy":"Un mecánico persiguiendo un ruido raro en el auto. Primero hace que el ruido vuelva a aparecer, después revisa una pieza tras otra, descartando sospechosos, hasta que aparece el tornillo flojo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/debugging/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/debugging/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-deep-learning","slug":"deep-learning","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-deep-learning.svg","en":{"title":"Deep learning","tagline":"Machine learning with many-layered neural networks, behind most recent AI leaps.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"Four layers in a row: raw pixels, then edges, then shapes, then the answer cat, with arrows passing from one layer to the next","lead":"**Deep learning** is machine learning done with neural networks that have many layers stacked one after another. 'Deep' refers to that depth, not to any profound understanding. Each layer takes the output of the previous one and turns it into something a bit more abstract, so the network builds its own understanding of the data step by step.","analogy":"Like an assembly line of interpreters: the first only notices lines, the next turns lines into shapes, the next turns shapes into objects. No single worker understands the whole picture, but the last one can say 'that is a cat'.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/deep-learning/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/deep-learning/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Deep learning","tagline":"Machine learning con redes neuronales de muchas capas, detrás de los saltos de la IA.","aliases":["aprendizaje profundo"],"imageAlt":"Cuatro capas en fila: píxeles crudos, después bordes, después formas y al final la respuesta gato, con flechas que pasan de una capa a la siguiente","lead":"El **deep learning** (aprendizaje profundo) es machine learning hecho con redes neuronales que tienen muchas capas apiladas una detrás de otra. Lo 'profundo' se refiere a esa cantidad de capas, no a que entienda algo en profundidad. Cada capa toma lo que produjo la anterior y lo convierte en algo un poco más abstracto, así que la red va armando su propia comprensión de los datos paso a paso.","analogy":"Es como una línea de montaje de intérpretes: el primero solo ve rayas, el siguiente convierte rayas en formas, el otro convierte formas en objetos. Ninguno entiende la imagen entera, pero el último puede decir 'eso es un gato'.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/deep-learning/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/deep-learning/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-deepfake","slug":"deepfake","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["ai","security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-deepfake.svg","en":{"title":"Deepfake","tagline":"A fake video, photo or voice made with AI to look and sound like a real person.","aliases":["deepfakes","deep fake","deep fakes"],"imageAlt":"Real photos and voice clips of a person go into an AI model, which outputs a fake video of that person asking to wire money, with a warning to verify another way","lead":"A **deepfake** is media created or altered with AI so that a real person appears to say or do something they never did. It can be a face swapped into a video, a cloned voice reading any text, or a photo that never happened. The word joins 'deep learning' and 'fake', and comes from a Reddit user who posted face-swapped videos in 2017.","analogy":"A deepfake is a forged signature for faces and voices. A forger used to need years of practice; now the forging machine is available to anyone, so you check the document through another route instead of trusting how it looks.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/deepfake/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/deepfake/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Deepfake","tagline":"Un video, foto o voz falsos hechos con IA para parecer una persona real.","aliases":["deepfakes","ultrafalso","ultrafalsos"],"imageAlt":"Fotos y audios reales de una persona entran en un modelo de IA, que produce un video falso de esa persona pidiendo una transferencia, con un aviso de verificar por otra vía","lead":"Un **deepfake** (ultrafalso) es un contenido creado o alterado con IA para que una persona real parezca decir o hacer algo que nunca hizo. Puede ser una cara pegada en un video, una voz clonada que lee cualquier texto o una foto de algo que nunca pasó. La palabra junta 'deep learning' y 'fake' (falso), y viene de un usuario de Reddit que en 2017 publicaba videos con caras intercambiadas.","analogy":"Un deepfake es una firma falsificada, pero de caras y voces. Antes el falsificador necesitaba años de práctica; ahora la máquina de falsificar está al alcance de cualquiera, así que el documento se verifica por otro camino en vez de confiar en cómo se ve.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/deepfake/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/deepfake/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-deepseek","slug":"deepseek","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-deepseek.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"DeepSeek","tagline":"A Chinese AI lab whose open-weight models showed that top AI could be built for less.","aliases":["DeepSeek-R1","DeepSeek-V3","DeepSeek R1","DeepSeek V3"],"imageAlt":"A model built in Hangzhou is published three ways: weights to download, a technical report explaining how it was made, and a chat app with an API","lead":"**DeepSeek** is an AI company based in Hangzhou, China, founded in 2023 by Liang Wenfeng and funded by High-Flyer, the quantitative investment fund he co-founded. It builds large language models, offers them in a free chat app and sells access to them through an API at low prices.","analogy":"A small kitchen that cooks a dish as good as the famous restaurants for a fraction of the cost, and then publishes the full recipe for anyone to try at home.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/deepseek/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/deepseek/index.md"},"es":{"title":"DeepSeek","tagline":"Un laboratorio chino de IA cuyos modelos abiertos mostraron que se podía gastar menos.","aliases":["DeepSeek-R1","DeepSeek-V3","DeepSeek R1","DeepSeek V3"],"imageAlt":"Un modelo hecho en Hangzhou se publica de tres formas: pesos para descargar, un informe técnico que explica cómo se hizo, y una app de chat con API","lead":"**DeepSeek** es una empresa de IA con sede en Hangzhou, China, fundada en 2023 por Liang Wenfeng y financiada por High-Flyer, el fondo de inversión cuantitativo que él mismo cofundó. Crea modelos de lenguaje grandes, los ofrece en una app de chat gratuita y vende acceso a ellos a través de una API a precios bajos.","analogy":"Una cocina chica que prepara un plato tan bueno como el de los restaurantes famosos por una fracción del costo, y después publica la receta completa para que cualquiera la pruebe en su casa.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/deepseek/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/deepseek/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-devops","slug":"devops","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-devops.svg","en":{"title":"DevOps","tagline":"Breaking the wall between people who write software and people who run it.","aliases":["DevOps engineer","DevOps engineers","DevOps team","DevSecOps"],"imageAlt":"An infinity loop with plan, code, build and test on the dev side and release, deploy, operate and monitor on the ops side","lead":"**DevOps** is a way of working that joins **development** (writing the software) and **operations** (running it in production) into one continuous effort. The name and the movement took off around 2009. Before, a common setup was that developers finished a feature and \"threw it over the wall\" to an operations team that had to install it, keep it alive and get woken up at 3 a.m. when it broke. Each side blamed the other.","analogy":"Like a restaurant where the cooks also see the dining room. If a dish keeps coming back cold, they find out that night and fix it, instead of reading a complaint from a separate department a month later.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/devops/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/devops/index.md"},"es":{"title":"DevOps","tagline":"Romper la pared entre quienes escriben el software y quienes lo hacen funcionar.","aliases":["ingeniero DevOps","ingenieros DevOps","equipo de DevOps","DevSecOps"],"imageAlt":"Un lazo infinito con plan, code, build y test del lado de desarrollo y release, deploy, operate y monitor del lado de operaciones","lead":"**DevOps** es una forma de trabajar que junta **desarrollo** (escribir el software) y **operaciones** (hacerlo funcionar en producción) en un mismo esfuerzo continuo. El nombre y el movimiento despegaron alrededor de 2009. Antes, era común que los developers terminaran una funcionalidad y la \"tiraran por arriba de la pared\" a un equipo de operaciones que tenía que instalarla, mantenerla viva y levantarse a las 3 de la mañana cuando se rompía. Cada lado culpaba al otro.","analogy":"Como un restaurante donde los cocineros también ven el salón. Si un plato vuelve frío una y otra vez, se enteran esa misma noche y lo arreglan, en lugar de leer una queja de otro departamento un mes después.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/devops/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/devops/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-dhcp","slug":"dhcp","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-dhcp.svg","en":{"title":"DHCP","tagline":"The service that gives each device an IP address automatically when it joins a network.","aliases":["DHCP server","DHCP lease","Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol"],"imageAlt":"A phone and a DHCP server exchange four messages: anyone there, an offer of address .23, I'll take it, it's yours; below, a lease card for 192.168.1.23 for 24 hours","lead":"**DHCP** (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is why you can walk into a café, pick the Wi-Fi and be online a second later without typing any numbers. When a device joins a network, it shouts 'is there a DHCP server here?'. The server, usually built into the router at home or a dedicated machine at an office, answers with an IP address that is free, and the device accepts it.","analogy":"The front desk of a hotel. You arrive, they hand you a room key, tell you where breakfast is and when checkout is, and when you leave the room goes to the next guest.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/dhcp/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/dhcp/index.md"},"es":{"title":"DHCP","tagline":"El servicio que le da a cada dispositivo una dirección IP al conectarse a una red.","aliases":["servidor DHCP","Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol"],"imageAlt":"Un celular y un servidor DHCP se cruzan cuatro mensajes: hay alguien, una oferta de la dirección .23, la tomo, es tuya; abajo, un préstamo de 192.168.1.23 por 24 horas","lead":"**DHCP** (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) es la razón por la que podés entrar a un café, elegir el Wi-Fi y estar en línea un segundo después sin escribir ningún número. Cuando un dispositivo se conecta a una red, grita '¿hay un servidor DHCP por acá?'. El servidor, que en casa suele venir dentro del router y en una oficina puede ser una máquina dedicada, le contesta con una dirección IP libre, y el dispositivo la acepta.","analogy":"La recepción de un hotel. Llegás, te dan la llave de una habitación, te dicen dónde es el desayuno y a qué hora es el check-out, y cuando te vas la habitación queda para el próximo huésped.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/dhcp/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/dhcp/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-diffusion-model","slug":"diffusion-model","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-diffusion-model.svg","en":{"title":"Diffusion model","tagline":"An image generator that starts from random noise and cleans it up, step by step.","aliases":["diffusion models","latent diffusion"],"imageAlt":"Four frames from left to right: pure noise, a rough mountain shape, a clearer mountain and sun, and finally a clean picture of a mountain at sunrise, guided by a text prompt above","lead":"A **diffusion model** is the kind of generative AI behind most image generators, such as Stable Diffusion, and many video generators. It creates a picture by starting from pure random noise, like TV static, and removing a little of that noise at each step until a clear image emerges. A text description, the prompt, steers each step, so the noise turns into 'a mountain at sunrise' rather than anything else.","analogy":"Like a sculptor who sees a figure in a rough block of marble and chips away a little at a time. Here the block is random static, the chisel is the model, and the prompt tells the sculptor what figure to look for.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/diffusion-model/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/diffusion-model/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Modelo de difusión","tagline":"Un generador de imágenes que arranca de ruido al azar y lo va limpiando paso a paso.","aliases":["modelos de difusión","diffusion model","difusión latente"],"imageAlt":"Cuatro cuadros de izquierda a derecha: puro ruido, una forma de montaña borrosa, una montaña y un sol más claros y al final una imagen limpia de una montaña al amanecer, guiada por un prompt de texto arriba","lead":"Un **modelo de difusión** es el tipo de IA generativa que hay detrás de la mayoría de los generadores de imágenes, como Stable Diffusion, y de muchos generadores de video. Crea una imagen partiendo de puro ruido aleatorio, como la lluvia de un televisor sin señal, y le saca un poco de ese ruido en cada paso hasta que aparece una imagen clara. Una descripción en texto, el prompt, orienta cada paso, así que el ruido se convierte en 'una montaña al amanecer' y no en cualquier otra cosa.","analogy":"Es como un escultor que ve una figura dentro de un bloque de mármol en bruto y la va sacando de a poquito. Acá el bloque es estática al azar, el cincel es el modelo y el prompt le dice al escultor qué figura buscar.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/diffusion-model/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/diffusion-model/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-disaster-recovery","slug":"disaster-recovery","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-disaster-recovery.svg","en":{"title":"Disaster recovery","tagline":"The plan for getting systems and data back after a major failure.","aliases":["RPO","RTO","recovery point objective","recovery time objective","disaster recovery plan"],"imageAlt":"A timeline with a disaster in the middle: the gap back to the last good copy is the RPO, the gap forward until service is back is the RTO","lead":"**Disaster recovery** (DR) is how an organization gets its systems running again after something big goes wrong: a whole data center or cloud region goes down, a ransomware attack encrypts the servers, a bad deploy corrupts the database, or a flood reaches the building. Backups are part of it, but DR is the whole plan: what gets restored first, where it runs, who decides, and how long it all takes.","analogy":"A fire drill for your systems. Having extinguishers is the backup; knowing the exits, who calls whom and where everyone meets is the disaster recovery plan, and you only know it works if you have practiced it.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/disaster-recovery/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/disaster-recovery/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Recuperación ante desastres","tagline":"El plan para volver a tener sistemas y datos después de una falla grave.","aliases":["disaster recovery","RPO","RTO","plan de recuperación ante desastres"],"imageAlt":"Una línea de tiempo con un desastre en el medio: el tramo hacia atrás hasta la última copia buena es el RPO, el tramo hacia adelante hasta que vuelve el servicio es el RTO","lead":"La **recuperación ante desastres** (disaster recovery, o DR) es cómo una organización vuelve a poner en marcha sus sistemas después de que algo grande sale mal: se cae un centro de datos o una región entera de la nube, un ataque de ransomware cifra los servidores, un deploy fallido arruina la base de datos o una inundación llega al edificio. Los backups son parte, pero el DR es el plan completo: qué se restaura primero, dónde corre, quién decide y cuánto tarda todo.","analogy":"Un simulacro de incendio para tus sistemas. Tener matafuegos es el backup; saber las salidas, quién llama a quién y dónde se encuentra todo el mundo es el plan de recuperación, y solo sabés que funciona si lo practicaste.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/disaster-recovery/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/disaster-recovery/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-display-resolution","slug":"display-resolution","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-display-resolution.svg","en":{"title":"Display resolution","tagline":"How many dots, or pixels, make up a screen's image: more dots, finer detail.","aliases":["screen resolution","4K","4K UHD","Full HD","1080p","pixel density","PPI"],"imageAlt":"Two grids of the same size draw the same diagonal line: the Full HD grid has big blocky pixels, the 4K grid has four times as many smaller pixels and a smoother line","lead":"Every screen is a grid of tiny colored dots called pixels. The **display resolution** is how many there are, written as width by height. Full HD, also called 1080p, is 1920 × 1080 pixels, about two million dots. **4K** (on TVs, strictly \"4K UHD\") is 3840 × 2160: twice as many across and twice as many down, so four times as many pixels in total.","analogy":"A mosaic made of tiles. With many small tiles you can draw eyelashes; with a few big ones you only get the outline of a face. From across the room, though, both mosaics may look the same.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/display-resolution/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/display-resolution/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Resolución de pantalla","tagline":"Cuántos puntos, o píxeles, forman la imagen de una pantalla: más puntos, más detalle.","aliases":["resolución de la pantalla","4K","4K UHD","Full HD","1080p","densidad de píxeles","PPI"],"imageAlt":"Dos grillas del mismo tamaño dibujan la misma línea diagonal: la grilla Full HD tiene píxeles grandes y escalonados, la 4K tiene cuatro veces más píxeles, más chicos, y una línea más suave","lead":"Toda pantalla es una grilla de puntitos de color llamados píxeles. La **resolución de pantalla** es cuántos hay, escrita como ancho por alto. Full HD, también llamada 1080p, es 1920 × 1080 píxeles, unos dos millones de puntos. **4K** (en los televisores, estrictamente \"4K UHD\") es 3840 × 2160: el doble a lo ancho y el doble a lo alto, o sea cuatro veces más píxeles en total.","analogy":"Un mosaico hecho de azulejos. Con muchos azulejos chicos podés dibujar pestañas; con pocos grandes solo te sale el contorno de una cara. Desde la otra punta del cuarto, igual, los dos mosaicos pueden verse iguales.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/display-resolution/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/display-resolution/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-dns","slug":"dns","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-dns.svg","en":{"title":"DNS","tagline":"The internet's phone book: it turns names like wikipedia.org into IP addresses.","aliases":["Domain Name System"],"imageAlt":"A laptop asking a phone book for wikipedia.org and getting back an IP address before connecting to the server","lead":"**DNS** (Domain Name System) is the service that translates the names people type, like `wikipedia.org`, into the IP address computers actually use to find each other. Every time you open a website, send an email or tap an app, a DNS lookup happens first, usually in a few milliseconds and without you noticing.","analogy":"Your contacts app. You tap a name, not a number; if someone changes their number, you update one entry and keep tapping the same name.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/dns/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/dns/index.md"},"es":{"title":"DNS","tagline":"La agenda de internet: convierte nombres como wikipedia.org en direcciones IP.","aliases":["Domain Name System"],"imageAlt":"Una notebook preguntándole a una agenda por wikipedia.org y recibiendo una dirección IP antes de conectarse al servidor","lead":"**DNS** (Domain Name System) es el servicio que traduce los nombres que la gente escribe, como `wikipedia.org`, a la dirección IP que las computadoras usan de verdad para encontrarse. Cada vez que abrís un sitio, mandás un mail o tocás una app, antes hubo una consulta DNS, casi siempre en milisegundos y sin que lo notes.","analogy":"La agenda de contactos del celular. Tocás un nombre, no un número; si alguien cambia de número, actualizás una sola entrada y seguís tocando el mismo nombre.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/dns/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/dns/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-docker","slug":"docker","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["cloud","software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-docker.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Docker","tagline":"The tool that made containers easy: package an app once, run it anywhere.","aliases":["Dockerfile","Dockerfiles","Docker image","Docker images","Docker Hub","Docker Desktop"],"imageAlt":"A Dockerfile is built into an image, the image is stored in a registry, and from it several identical containers are run","lead":"**Docker** is a set of tools for building and running containers, made by the company of the same name. Released in 2013, it took an old Linux idea and made it usable by any developer, which is why many people still say \"a Docker\" when they mean a container.","analogy":"A Dockerfile is a recipe, the image is the frozen meal packed from it, and each container is one portion heated up. Any microwave heats it the same way.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/docker/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/docker/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Docker","tagline":"La herramienta que popularizó los contenedores: empaquetás una vez, corre en todos lados.","aliases":["Dockerfile","Dockerfiles","imagen de Docker","imágenes de Docker","Docker Hub","Docker Desktop"],"imageAlt":"Un Dockerfile se construye en una imagen, la imagen se guarda en un registry y desde ella se corren varios contenedores idénticos","lead":"**Docker** es un conjunto de herramientas para construir y correr contenedores, hecho por la empresa del mismo nombre. Salió en 2013, tomó una idea vieja de Linux y la volvió usable para cualquier developer; por eso mucha gente todavía dice \"un Docker\" cuando habla de un contenedor.","analogy":"El Dockerfile es la receta, la imagen es la vianda congelada que sale de ella y cada contenedor es una porción calentada. Cualquier microondas la calienta igual.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/docker/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/docker/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-domain-name","slug":"domain-name","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-domain-name.svg","en":{"title":"Domain name","tagline":"The readable name of a website, like wikipedia.org, that stands in for a numeric address.","aliases":["domain names","top-level domain","top-level domains","TLD","TLDs","domain registrar","domain registrars"],"imageAlt":"The name shop.example.com split into its parts, subdomain, name and top-level domain, with DNS turning it into a numeric IP address","lead":"A **domain name** is the human-friendly name of a place on the internet, like `wikipedia.org` or `bbc.co.uk`. Computers find each other by IP address, a string of numbers that is hard to remember and can change. The domain name is the stable label people type, and DNS is the system that translates it into the current IP address.","analogy":"A contact name in your phone. You tap \"Mom\" instead of remembering her number, and if she changes numbers you only update the contact, not your habit.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/domain-name/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/domain-name/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Nombre de dominio","tagline":"El nombre legible de un sitio, como wikipedia.org, en lugar de una dirección numérica.","aliases":["nombres de dominio","dominio de nivel superior","dominios de nivel superior","TLD","registrador de dominios"],"imageAlt":"El nombre shop.example.com separado en sus partes, subdominio, nombre y dominio de nivel superior, con el DNS convirtiéndolo en una dirección IP numérica","lead":"Un **nombre de dominio** es el nombre amigable de un lugar en internet, como `wikipedia.org` o `argentina.gob.ar`. Las computadoras se encuentran entre sí por dirección IP, una serie de números difícil de recordar y que puede cambiar. El dominio es la etiqueta estable que escribe la gente, y el DNS es el sistema que lo traduce a la dirección IP del momento.","analogy":"El nombre de un contacto en tu celular. Tocás \"Mamá\" en vez de acordarte del número, y si ella cambia de número solo actualizás el contacto, no tu costumbre.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/domain-name/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/domain-name/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-edge-computing","slug":"edge-computing","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["cloud","networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-edge-computing.svg","en":{"title":"Edge computing","tagline":"Processing data close to where it is created, instead of in a distant data center.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"A camera and a car send data a short distance to a nearby edge box that answers quickly, and only a summary travels the long way to a distant cloud","lead":"**Edge computing** means running computation near the people or devices that need it, at the \"edge\" of the network, rather than sending everything to a big data center hundreds or thousands of kilometers away. The edge can be a small server in a factory or a store, equipment in a mobile network tower, a city-level point of presence, or the device itself: a camera, a car or a phone.","analogy":"A first-aid kit in every office versus one big hospital across town. Small cuts are handled on the spot in seconds; only the serious cases make the long trip to the hospital.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/edge-computing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/edge-computing/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Edge computing","tagline":"Procesar los datos cerca de donde se generan, en lugar de en un centro de datos lejano.","aliases":["computación en el borde","computación de borde","computación frontera"],"imageAlt":"Una cámara y un auto mandan datos a una caja de borde cercana que responde rápido, y solo un resumen hace el camino largo hasta una nube lejana","lead":"El **edge computing** (computación en el borde) consiste en hacer los cálculos cerca de las personas o dispositivos que los necesitan, en el \"borde\" de la red, en lugar de mandar todo a un gran centro de datos a cientos o miles de kilómetros. El borde puede ser un servidor chico en una fábrica o un local, un equipo en una antena de telefonía, un punto de presencia en la ciudad o el propio dispositivo: una cámara, un auto o un celular.","analogy":"Un botiquín en cada oficina contra un gran hospital al otro lado de la ciudad. Los cortes chicos se resuelven ahí mismo en segundos; solo los casos graves hacen el viaje largo hasta el hospital.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/edge-computing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/edge-computing/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-email-protocols","slug":"email-protocols","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-email-protocols.svg","en":{"title":"Email protocols","tagline":"The shared rules, SMTP, IMAP and POP3, that carry an email from one inbox to another.","aliases":["SMTP","IMAP","POP3","mail server","mail servers"],"imageAlt":"Your app sends mail with SMTP to your server, which asks DNS for the MX record and passes it with SMTP to their server; it waits in the mailbox until their app reads it with IMAP","lead":"Email works between any two providers because they all follow the same open rules. Sending and receiving are separate jobs with separate protocols. **SMTP** (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) moves a message forward, from your app to your provider's **mail server** and from there to the recipient's. **IMAP** and **POP3** are how the recipient's app later picks it up.","analogy":"SMTP is the postal service carrying letters between post offices; IMAP is a PO box you can check from any branch, and POP3 is taking the letters home and emptying the box.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/email-protocols/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/email-protocols/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Protocolos de correo","tagline":"Las reglas compartidas, SMTP, IMAP y POP3, que llevan un correo de un buzón a otro.","aliases":["SMTP","IMAP","POP3","servidor de correo","servidores de correo","protocolos de correo electrónico"],"imageAlt":"Tu app manda el correo por SMTP a tu servidor, que le pregunta al DNS por el registro MX y lo pasa por SMTP al servidor del destinatario; ahí espera en el buzón hasta que su app lo lee por IMAP","lead":"El correo electrónico funciona entre dos proveedores cualesquiera porque todos siguen las mismas reglas abiertas. Mandar y recibir son trabajos separados, con protocolos separados. **SMTP** (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) empuja el mensaje hacia adelante: de tu app al **servidor de correo** de tu proveedor, y de ahí al del destinatario. **IMAP** y **POP3** son la forma en que la app del destinatario lo recoge después.","analogy":"SMTP es el correo postal que lleva las cartas entre sucursales; IMAP es una casilla de correo que podés revisar desde cualquier sucursal, y POP3 es llevarte las cartas a tu casa y dejar la casilla vacía.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/email-protocols/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/email-protocols/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-embeddings","slug":"embeddings","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-embeddings.svg","en":{"title":"Embeddings","tagline":"Turning words, images or documents into lists of numbers that capture meaning.","aliases":["embedding"],"imageAlt":"A map of points where dog, puppy and cat sit close together and invoice and tax sit far away, with a vector of numbers under one point","lead":"An **embedding** is a list of numbers (a vector) that represents a piece of content: a word, a sentence, a whole document, an image. A neural network produces it so that things with similar meaning get similar numbers. 'Dog' and 'puppy' end up close together; 'dog' and 'invoice' end up far apart. A typical embedding has a few hundred to a few thousand numbers.","analogy":"A library map where every book has coordinates and books on similar topics are shelved near each other. To find related books you do not read them; you look at what is nearby.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/embeddings/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/embeddings/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Embeddings","tagline":"Convertir palabras, imágenes o documentos en listas de números que capturan significado.","aliases":["embedding"],"imageAlt":"Un mapa de puntos donde perro, cachorro y gato están juntos y factura e impuesto quedan lejos, con un vector de números bajo uno de los puntos","lead":"Un **embedding** es una lista de números (un vector) que representa un contenido: una palabra, una oración, un documento entero, una imagen. Lo produce una red neuronal de manera que las cosas con significado parecido reciban números parecidos. 'Perro' y 'cachorro' quedan cerca; 'perro' y 'factura' quedan lejos. Un embedding típico tiene de unos cientos a unos miles de números.","analogy":"Un mapa de biblioteca donde cada libro tiene coordenadas y los libros de temas parecidos están en estantes vecinos. Para encontrar libros relacionados no los leés; mirás qué hay cerca.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/embeddings/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/embeddings/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-emoji","slug":"emoji","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-emoji.svg","en":{"title":"Emoji","tagline":"Little pictures that are really text characters, drawn differently by each phone maker.","aliases":["emojis"],"imageAlt":"One code, U+1F600 grinning face, is drawn three slightly different ways by three different phone makers","lead":"An **emoji** is a small picture you can type, like 😀, 🍕 or ❤️. The word is Japanese: \"e\" means picture and \"moji\" means character, so it has nothing to do with \"emotion\". Emoji appeared on Japanese mobile phones in the late 1990s, and in 2010 they were added to **Unicode**, the standard that gives every character in every writing system its own number.","analogy":"Like a numbered list of songs shared by many bands. Everyone agrees which song is number 42, but each band plays it in its own style.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/emoji/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/emoji/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Emoji","tagline":"Dibujitos que en realidad son caracteres de texto, dibujados distinto por cada marca.","aliases":["emojis"],"imageAlt":"Un mismo código, U+1F600 cara sonriente, dibujado de tres formas un poco distintas por tres fabricantes de celulares","lead":"Un **emoji** es un dibujito que podés escribir, como 😀, 🍕 o ❤️. La palabra es japonesa: \"e\" significa imagen y \"moji\" significa carácter, así que no tiene nada que ver con \"emoción\". Los emoji aparecieron en los celulares japoneses a fines de los noventa, y en 2010 se sumaron a **Unicode**, el estándar que le da un número propio a cada carácter de cada sistema de escritura.","analogy":"Como una lista numerada de canciones que comparten muchas bandas. Todos saben cuál es la canción número 42, pero cada banda la toca a su manera.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/emoji/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/emoji/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-encryption","slug":"encryption","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-encryption.svg","en":{"title":"Encryption","tagline":"Scrambling data so that only someone with the key can read it.","aliases":["encrypted","encrypt"],"imageAlt":"A readable message turned into noise with a key, and back into the message with the same key","lead":"**Encryption** turns readable data (a message, a photo, a card number) into scrambled bytes that look like noise, using a **key**. Without the key the scrambled version is useless; with it, the original comes back exactly. The recipe for scrambling is called a cipher, and the good ones, like **AES**, are public and studied by everyone. The only secret is the key.","analogy":"Shuffling a deck of cards following a precise sequence written on a note. Anyone can look at the shuffled deck, but only someone with the note can put it back in order.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/encryption/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/encryption/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Cifrado","tagline":"Mezclar datos para que solo quien tiene la clave pueda leerlos.","aliases":["cifrar","cifrada","encriptación","encriptado"],"imageAlt":"Un mensaje legible convertido en ruido con una llave, y de vuelta al mensaje con la misma llave","lead":"El **cifrado** convierte datos legibles (un mensaje, una foto, un número de tarjeta) en bytes revueltos que parecen ruido, usando una **clave**. Sin la clave, la versión revuelta no sirve para nada; con la clave, el original vuelve exacto. La receta para revolver se llama algoritmo de cifrado, y los buenos, como **AES**, son públicos y los estudia todo el mundo. Lo único secreto es la clave.","analogy":"Mezclar un mazo de cartas siguiendo una secuencia exacta anotada en un papel. Cualquiera puede mirar el mazo mezclado, pero solo quien tiene el papel puede volver a ordenarlo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/encryption/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/encryption/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-end-to-end-encryption","slug":"end-to-end-encryption","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-end-to-end-encryption.svg","en":{"title":"End-to-end encryption","tagline":"Only the sender and the recipient can read a message; the service in between cannot.","aliases":["E2EE","end-to-end encrypted","end to end encryption"],"imageAlt":"Two phones exchanging a locked message through a server that only ever sees it locked","lead":"**End-to-end encryption** (E2EE) means a message is encrypted on your phone and decrypted only on the recipient's phone. The company that carries it (WhatsApp, Signal, Apple for iMessage) stores and forwards scrambled bytes it cannot read, because the keys exist only on the two devices. That is the difference with ordinary HTTPS, which protects the trip to the server but lets the server read everything once it arrives.","analogy":"HTTPS is an armored truck between post offices: safe on the road, opened at each office. End-to-end encryption is a letter in a box only the recipient's key opens; the post office just carries the box.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/end-to-end-encryption/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/end-to-end-encryption/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Cifrado de extremo a extremo","tagline":"Solo quien manda y quien recibe pueden leer el mensaje; el servicio del medio, no.","aliases":["E2EE","cifrado de punta a punta","cifrado extremo a extremo"],"imageAlt":"Dos teléfonos intercambiando un mensaje con candado a través de un servidor que solo lo ve cerrado","lead":"El **cifrado de extremo a extremo** (E2EE) significa que un mensaje se cifra en tu teléfono y se descifra solo en el teléfono de quien lo recibe. La empresa que lo transporta (WhatsApp, Signal, Apple para iMessage) guarda y reenvía bytes revueltos que no puede leer, porque las claves existen únicamente en los dos dispositivos. Esa es la diferencia con el HTTPS común, que protege el viaje hasta el servidor pero deja que el servidor lea todo cuando llega.","analogy":"HTTPS es un camión blindado entre oficinas de correo: seguro en la ruta, abierto en cada oficina. El cifrado de extremo a extremo es una carta en una caja que solo abre la llave del destinatario; el correo nada más lleva la caja.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/end-to-end-encryption/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/end-to-end-encryption/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-environment-variables","slug":"environment-variables","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-environment-variables.svg","en":{"title":"Environment variables","tagline":"Named settings a program reads from outside its code, like where its database lives.","aliases":["environment variable","env var","env vars","env file"],"imageAlt":"The same app code runs on a laptop and in production, each environment handing it different values for DATABASE_URL and API_KEY","lead":"**Environment variables** are name-and-value pairs that the operating system hands to every program when it starts, such as `DATABASE_URL=postgres://…` or `LOG_LEVEL=debug`. The program reads them instead of having those values written into its code. They are an old Unix idea; one you have probably used without noticing is `PATH`, which tells the computer where to look for commands.","analogy":"Like a recipe that says \"bake at the temperature your oven needs\" instead of a fixed number. The same recipe works in every kitchen; each kitchen supplies its own setting.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/environment-variables/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/environment-variables/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Variables de entorno","tagline":"Ajustes con nombre que un programa lee desde fuera de su código, como dónde está su base.","aliases":["variable de entorno","env var","env vars","variable de ambiente","variables de ambiente"],"imageAlt":"El mismo código de una app corre en una laptop y en producción, y cada entorno le pasa valores distintos de DATABASE_URL y API_KEY","lead":"Las **variables de entorno** son pares de nombre y valor que el sistema operativo le pasa a cada programa cuando arranca, como `DATABASE_URL=postgres://…` o `LOG_LEVEL=debug`. El programa las lee en lugar de tener esos valores escritos en su código. Son una idea vieja de Unix; una que seguro usaste sin darte cuenta es `PATH`, que le dice a la computadora dónde buscar los comandos.","analogy":"Como una receta que dice \"horneá a la temperatura que necesite tu horno\" en vez de un número fijo. La misma receta sirve en cualquier cocina; cada cocina pone su propio valor.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/environment-variables/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/environment-variables/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-etl","slug":"etl","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-etl.svg","en":{"title":"ETL","tagline":"Copy data out of its sources, clean it up, load it where it can be analyzed.","aliases":["extract, transform, load","ELT","data pipeline","data pipelines","ETL pipeline","ETL pipelines"],"imageAlt":"Three sources feed a row of boxes labeled E, T and L that end in a warehouse cylinder; under T, a messy name becomes a clean one","lead":"**ETL** stands for extract, transform, load: the three steps of moving data from the systems where it is born to the place where it is analyzed. **Extract** reads it from the sources: the app's database, a CRM, a payments provider's API, spreadsheets. **Transform** cleans and reshapes it. **Load** writes the result into a data warehouse or a data lake.","analogy":"A restaurant's prep kitchen. Ingredients arrive from different suppliers (extract), get washed, peeled and cut the same way every morning (transform), and go into labeled containers on the line (load), so the cooks never deal with a muddy potato.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/etl/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/etl/index.md"},"es":{"title":"ETL","tagline":"Sacar datos de sus fuentes, limpiarlos y cargarlos donde se puedan analizar.","aliases":["extraer, transformar y cargar","ELT","pipeline de datos","pipelines de datos","pipelines de ETL"],"imageAlt":"Tres fuentes alimentan una fila de cajas marcadas E, T y L que terminan en un cilindro de warehouse; debajo de la T, un nombre desprolijo queda limpio","lead":"**ETL** viene de extract, transform, load (extraer, transformar y cargar): los tres pasos para llevar datos desde los sistemas donde nacen hasta el lugar donde se analizan. **Extraer** es leerlos de las fuentes: la base de la app, un CRM, la API del proveedor de pagos, planillas. **Transformar** es limpiarlos y darles forma. **Cargar** es escribir el resultado en un data warehouse o un data lake.","analogy":"La cocina de preparación de un restaurante. Los ingredientes llegan de distintos proveedores (extraer), todas las mañanas se lavan, pelan y cortan de la misma forma (transformar) y van a recipientes etiquetados en la línea (cargar), así los cocineros nunca se cruzan con una papa llena de tierra.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/etl/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/etl/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-fiber-optic","slug":"fiber-optic","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-fiber-optic.svg","en":{"title":"Fiber optic","tagline":"Thin strands of glass that carry data as pulses of light, fast and over long distances.","aliases":["fiber-optic","fiber optics","fibre optics","fibre optic","optical fiber","optical fibre","fiber-optic cable","fiber-optic cables","FTTH","fiber to the home"],"imageAlt":"A laser on the left sends flashes of light into a glass strand; the light zigzags off the walls to a sensor on the right, which reads them as ones and zeros","lead":"A **fiber-optic** cable carries data as light instead of electricity. Inside is a strand of very pure glass, about as thin as a human hair, that guides light along its length by reflecting it off its own walls. A laser at one end switches on and off extremely fast, and a sensor at the other end reads those flashes back as ones and zeros.","analogy":"Signaling with a flashlight down a long tube lined with mirrors. The light cannot escape, so the message arrives clear even very far away, and you can send several colors at once without them mixing.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/fiber-optic/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/fiber-optic/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Fibra óptica","tagline":"Hebras finitas de vidrio que llevan datos como pulsos de luz, rápido y muy lejos.","aliases":["cable de fibra óptica","cables de fibra óptica","FTTH","fibra hasta el hogar","fiber optic"],"imageAlt":"Un láser a la izquierda manda destellos de luz a una hebra de vidrio; la luz rebota en zigzag contra las paredes hasta un sensor a la derecha, que los lee como unos y ceros","lead":"Un cable de **fibra óptica** lleva datos con luz en lugar de electricidad. Adentro tiene una hebra de vidrio purísimo, más o menos tan fina como un pelo, que guía la luz a lo largo de su recorrido haciéndola rebotar en sus propias paredes. Un láser en una punta se prende y se apaga rapidísimo, y un sensor en la otra lee esos destellos como unos y ceros.","analogy":"Hacer señales con una linterna por un tubo largo forrado de espejos. La luz no se puede escapar, así que el mensaje llega claro aunque sea lejísimos, y podés mandar varios colores a la vez sin que se mezclen.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/fiber-optic/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/fiber-optic/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-fine-tuning","slug":"fine-tuning","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-fine-tuning.svg","en":{"title":"Fine-tuning","tagline":"Extra training that adapts an existing AI model to a specific task or style.","aliases":["fine-tune","fine-tuned","fine tuning"],"imageAlt":"A large pretrained model plus a small stack of your own examples produces a fine-tuned model specialized for your task","lead":"**Fine-tuning** means taking a model that has already been trained on a huge amount of general data and training it a little more on a small, specific set of examples. Training a large model from scratch costs enormous amounts of data and computing; fine-tuning reuses all that general knowledge and only nudges the model's internal numbers (its parameters) toward what you need.","analogy":"Like a doctor who finished general medical school and then does a short residency in dermatology. They do not relearn biology; they sharpen what they already know for one specialty.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/fine-tuning/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/fine-tuning/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Fine-tuning","tagline":"Entrenamiento extra que adapta un modelo de IA existente a una tarea o un estilo.","aliases":["ajuste fino","fine tuning"],"imageAlt":"Un modelo preentrenado grande más una pila chica de ejemplos propios da un modelo con fine-tuning especializado en tu tarea","lead":"El **fine-tuning** (ajuste fino) consiste en tomar un modelo que ya fue entrenado con una cantidad enorme de datos generales y entrenarlo un poco más con un conjunto chico y específico de ejemplos. Entrenar un modelo grande desde cero cuesta cantidades enormes de datos y de cómputo; el fine-tuning reaprovecha todo ese conocimiento general y solo empuja los números internos del modelo (sus parámetros) hacia lo que necesitás.","analogy":"Es como una médica que terminó la carrera general y después hace una residencia corta en dermatología. No vuelve a aprender biología; afina lo que ya sabe para una especialidad.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/fine-tuning/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/fine-tuning/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-finops","slug":"finops","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-finops.svg","en":{"title":"FinOps","tagline":"Understanding and controlling cloud spending, as a job shared by engineers and finance.","aliases":["cloud cost management","cloud financial management","cloud cost optimization"],"imageAlt":"A loop of three steps, inform, optimize and operate, around a cloud bill, repeated over and over","lead":"**FinOps** (from finance and operations) is the practice of managing cloud costs as a shared responsibility. In a traditional data center, buying servers was a big, slow decision approved by finance. In the cloud, any engineer can start resources in seconds and the bill arrives at the end of the month, already spent. FinOps brings engineering, finance and business teams together so that spending decisions are made with the numbers in view.","analogy":"A shared household budget for the electricity bill. Everyone can turn on lights and heaters, so the bill only stays reasonable if everyone can see what uses the most and agrees on turning things off when they leave the room.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/finops/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/finops/index.md"},"es":{"title":"FinOps","tagline":"Entender y controlar el gasto en la nube, como tarea compartida de ingeniería y finanzas.","aliases":["gestión de costos en la nube","gestión de costos cloud","optimización de costos en la nube"],"imageAlt":"Un ciclo de tres pasos, informar, optimizar y operar, alrededor de una factura de la nube, que se repite una y otra vez","lead":"**FinOps** (de finanzas y operaciones) es la práctica de manejar los costos de la nube como una responsabilidad compartida. En un centro de datos tradicional, comprar servidores era una decisión grande y lenta que aprobaba finanzas. En la nube, cualquier ingeniera puede prender recursos en segundos y la factura llega a fin de mes, con la plata ya gastada. FinOps junta a los equipos de ingeniería, finanzas y negocio para que las decisiones de gasto se tomen con los números a la vista.","analogy":"El presupuesto compartido de la luz en una casa. Todos pueden prender luces y estufas, así que la factura solo se mantiene razonable si todos ven qué es lo que más consume y se ponen de acuerdo en apagar al salir de un ambiente.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/finops/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/finops/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-firewall","slug":"firewall","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["security","networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-firewall.svg","en":{"title":"Firewall","tagline":"A gatekeeper that decides which network traffic gets in or out.","aliases":["firewalls"],"imageAlt":"A brick wall between the internet and a laptop, letting one allowed connection through and bouncing the rest","lead":"A **firewall** sits between a network (or a single computer) and the outside world and checks every connection against a list of rules: where it comes from, where it goes, which port it uses, which direction. Whatever matches an allow rule passes; the rest is dropped. The usual default is simple: anything that starts from inside can go out, nothing that starts from outside can come in unless a rule says so.","analogy":"A building receptionist with a list. Residents walk out whenever they want; visitors only get in if someone registered them, and only to the floor they were registered for.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/firewall/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/firewall/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Firewall","tagline":"Un portero que decide qué tráfico de red entra o sale.","aliases":["cortafuegos","firewalls"],"imageAlt":"Una pared de ladrillos entre internet y una notebook, que deja pasar una conexión permitida y rebota las demás","lead":"Un **firewall** se ubica entre una red (o una sola computadora) y el mundo exterior, y revisa cada conexión contra una lista de reglas: de dónde viene, adónde va, qué puerto usa, en qué dirección. Lo que coincide con una regla de permiso pasa; el resto se descarta. El valor por defecto habitual es simple: todo lo que empieza desde adentro puede salir, nada que empiece desde afuera puede entrar salvo que una regla lo diga.","analogy":"La recepción de un edificio con una lista. Los que viven ahí salen cuando quieren; las visitas solo entran si alguien las anotó, y solo al piso para el que las anotaron.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/firewall/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/firewall/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-firmware","slug":"firmware","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["hardware","software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-firmware.svg","en":{"title":"Firmware","tagline":"Software built into a device to run its hardware, from routers to washing machines.","aliases":["firmware update","firmware updates"],"imageAlt":"A stack of three layers, apps and OS on top, firmware in the middle and hardware at the bottom, with a new version arriving as an update into the firmware layer","lead":"**Firmware** is the software that lives inside a device and makes its hardware work. It is stored on a memory chip in the device itself, not on a disk you can browse, and it starts running the moment the device gets power. Your router, your TV, your printer, a smartwatch, a car's dashboard and even a computer's keyboard and SSD each have their own firmware.","analogy":"The metal drum inside a music box: it comes with the device and decides what it does every time you wind it. Unlike the drum, firmware can be swapped for a newer version with an update.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/firmware/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/firmware/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Firmware","tagline":"El software que viene adentro de un aparato y hace funcionar su hardware.","aliases":["actualización de firmware","actualizaciones de firmware"],"imageAlt":"Una pila de tres capas, apps y sistema operativo arriba, firmware en el medio y hardware abajo, con una versión nueva que entra como actualización en la capa de firmware","lead":"El **firmware** es el software que vive adentro de un aparato y hace que su hardware funcione. Está guardado en un chip de memoria del propio dispositivo, no en un disco que puedas explorar, y empieza a correr apenas el aparato recibe energía. Tu router, tu tele, tu impresora, un reloj inteligente, el tablero de un auto y hasta el teclado y el SSD de una computadora tienen cada uno su firmware.","analogy":"El cilindro de metal de una cajita musical: viene con el aparato y decide qué hace cada vez que le das cuerda. A diferencia del cilindro, el firmware se puede cambiar por una versión nueva con una actualización.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/firmware/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/firmware/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-framework","slug":"framework","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-framework.svg","en":{"title":"Framework","tagline":"A ready-made skeleton for an app: it sets the structure and calls your code.","aliases":["frameworks","software framework","software frameworks","web framework","web frameworks"],"imageAlt":"A framework drawn as a house frame with labeled slots; your code fills the slots, and the framework decides when to call it","lead":"A **framework** is a large body of ready-made code that gives an application its basic structure, so programmers only write the parts that are unique to their product. A web framework, for example, already knows how to receive requests, read forms, talk to a database and send pages back; you fill in what your pages show and what your rules are.","analogy":"The frame of a prefabricated house: walls, roof and plumbing paths are already in place. You choose the paint, the kitchen and the furniture, but you cannot easily move a load-bearing wall.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/framework/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/framework/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Framework","tagline":"Un esqueleto ya armado para una app: define la estructura y llama a tu código.","aliases":["frameworks","framework web","frameworks web","marco de trabajo"],"imageAlt":"Un framework dibujado como la estructura de una casa con huecos rotulados; tu código llena los huecos y el framework decide cuándo llamarlo","lead":"Un **framework** (marco de trabajo) es un conjunto grande de código ya hecho que le da a una aplicación su estructura básica, para que quienes programan solo escriban lo que es propio de su producto. Un framework web, por ejemplo, ya sabe recibir pedidos, leer formularios, hablar con una base de datos y devolver páginas; vos completás qué muestran tus páginas y cuáles son tus reglas.","analogy":"La estructura de una casa prefabricada: las paredes, el techo y el recorrido de los caños ya están. Vos elegís la pintura, la cocina y los muebles, pero no podés mover fácilmente una pared maestra.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/framework/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/framework/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-frontend-and-backend","slug":"frontend-and-backend","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-frontend-and-backend.svg","en":{"title":"Frontend and backend","tagline":"The part of an app you see and touch, and the part that works behind it.","aliases":["frontend","backend","front end","back end"],"imageAlt":"A phone screen on the left (frontend) exchanging requests and responses with a server and database on the right (backend)","lead":"Almost every app is split in two. The **frontend** is what runs on your device: the screens, buttons and forms of a website or mobile app. The **backend** runs on a server somewhere else: it checks your password, reads and writes the database, charges the card and sends the data the frontend displays. The two talk through an API, usually over HTTPS.","analogy":"A restaurant. The dining room, the menu and the waiters are the frontend; the kitchen, the pantry and the cash register are the backend. You only ever see the dining room, but the kitchen decides what can actually be served.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/frontend-and-backend/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/frontend-and-backend/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Frontend y backend","tagline":"La parte de una app que ves y tocás, y la parte que trabaja detrás.","aliases":["frontend","backend","front end","back end"],"imageAlt":"La pantalla de un celular a la izquierda (frontend) intercambiando pedidos y respuestas con un servidor y una base de datos a la derecha (backend)","lead":"Casi toda app está partida en dos. El **frontend** es lo que corre en tu dispositivo: las pantallas, los botones y los formularios de un sitio o de una app móvil. El **backend** corre en un servidor en otro lado: revisa tu contraseña, lee y escribe la base de datos, cobra la tarjeta y manda los datos que el frontend muestra. Los dos se hablan a través de una API, casi siempre por HTTPS.","analogy":"Un restaurante. El salón, el menú y los mozos son el frontend; la cocina, la despensa y la caja son el backend. Vos solo ves el salón, pero la cocina decide qué se puede servir de verdad.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/frontend-and-backend/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/frontend-and-backend/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-ftp-and-sftp","slug":"ftp-and-sftp","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-ftp-and-sftp.svg","en":{"title":"FTP and SFTP","tagline":"Two ways to move files to and from a server; only one of them keeps them private.","aliases":["FTP","SFTP","FTPS","File Transfer Protocol","FTP server"],"imageAlt":"Two rows. FTP on port 21 sends a file from you to a server in the open, with password and files readable on the way. SFTP on port 22 sends the same file inside an encrypted SSH tunnel","lead":"**FTP** (File Transfer Protocol) is one of the oldest services on the internet, older than the web itself. You connect to an **FTP server** with a username and password, see its folders, and upload or download files. For decades it was how people published websites to their web hosting, how printers dropped scans into shared folders and how companies swapped files with banks and suppliers.","analogy":"FTP is mailing documents on postcards: they arrive, but every mail carrier on the way can read them. SFTP is the same documents in a locked courier bag that only the recipient can open.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ftp-and-sftp/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ftp-and-sftp/index.md"},"es":{"title":"FTP y SFTP","tagline":"Dos formas de mover archivos hacia y desde un servidor; solo una los mantiene privados.","aliases":["FTP","SFTP","FTPS","File Transfer Protocol","servidor FTP"],"imageAlt":"Dos filas. FTP en el puerto 21 manda un archivo de vos a un servidor a la vista, con contraseña y archivos legibles en el camino. SFTP en el puerto 22 manda el mismo archivo dentro de un túnel SSH cifrado","lead":"**FTP** (File Transfer Protocol) es uno de los servicios más viejos de internet, más que la web misma. Te conectás a un **servidor FTP** con usuario y contraseña, ves sus carpetas y subís o bajás archivos. Durante décadas fue la forma de publicar un sitio en el hosting web, la manera en que las impresoras dejaban escaneos en carpetas compartidas y el canal por el que las empresas intercambiaban archivos con bancos y proveedores.","analogy":"FTP es mandar documentos en postales: llegan, pero cada cartero del camino los puede leer. SFTP son los mismos documentos en un bolso de courier con candado que solo abre quien los recibe.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ftp-and-sftp/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ftp-and-sftp/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-gemini","slug":"gemini","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["ai","companies"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-gemini.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Gemini","tagline":"Google's family of AI models, and the assistant app that carries the same name.","aliases":["Google Gemini"],"imageAlt":"Text, image, audio and video flow into one Gemini box, which then reaches the Gemini app, Android, Workspace and an API","lead":"**Gemini** is the name Google uses for two related things: a family of large language models built by Google DeepMind, its AI lab, and the chat assistant people use to talk to them. Google announced the models in December 2023. A few months later, in February 2024, it renamed its earlier chatbot, Bard, to Gemini, so the app and the models now share one name.","analogy":"Gemini is less a single shop than a franchise: the same kitchen supplies the stand-alone restaurant (the app) and the food counters inside Google's other buildings, from Gmail to your phone.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/gemini/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/gemini/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Gemini","tagline":"La familia de modelos de IA de Google, y la app asistente que lleva el mismo nombre.","aliases":["Google Gemini"],"imageAlt":"Texto, imagen, audio y video entran en una misma caja Gemini, que después llega a la app Gemini, a Android, a Workspace y a una API","lead":"**Gemini** es el nombre que usa Google para dos cosas relacionadas: una familia de grandes modelos de lenguaje hechos por Google DeepMind, su laboratorio de IA, y el asistente de chat con el que la gente habla con ellos. Google anunció los modelos en diciembre de 2023. Unos meses después, en febrero de 2024, le cambió el nombre a su chatbot anterior, Bard, por Gemini, así que la app y los modelos comparten nombre.","analogy":"Gemini es menos un local que una franquicia: la misma cocina abastece al restaurante propio (la app) y a los mostradores que hay dentro de los otros edificios de Google, desde Gmail hasta tu celular.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/gemini/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/gemini/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-generative-ai","slug":"generative-ai","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-generative-ai.svg","en":{"title":"Generative AI","tagline":"AI that creates new text, images, audio or code instead of just sorting things.","aliases":["GenAI","gen AI"],"imageAlt":"A short prompt goes into a model, which produces four kinds of new content: text, an image, audio and code","lead":"**Generative AI** is the kind of AI that produces new content: a paragraph, an email, a picture, a song, a voice, a video, a piece of code. Older AI was mostly about deciding things, like whether a photo shows a dog or whether a payment looks like fraud. Generative AI goes the other way: you describe what you want, usually in plain words, and it makes something that did not exist before.","analogy":"Like a musician who has listened to thousands of songs and can improvise a new one in any style you ask for. The tune is new, but you can hear where the influences come from, and sometimes it hits a wrong note with total confidence.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/generative-ai/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/generative-ai/index.md"},"es":{"title":"IA generativa","tagline":"IA que crea textos, imágenes, audio o código nuevos en vez de solo clasificar.","aliases":["inteligencia artificial generativa","GenAI"],"imageAlt":"Un prompt corto entra en un modelo, que produce cuatro tipos de contenido nuevo: texto, una imagen, audio y código","lead":"La **IA generativa** es el tipo de IA que produce contenido nuevo: un párrafo, un mail, una imagen, una canción, una voz, un video, un pedazo de código. La IA de antes se dedicaba sobre todo a decidir cosas, como si una foto muestra un perro o si un pago parece fraude. La IA generativa va para el otro lado: describís lo que querés, en general con palabras comunes, y arma algo que antes no existía.","analogy":"Es como un músico que escuchó miles de canciones y puede improvisar una nueva en el estilo que le pidas. La melodía es nueva, pero se notan las influencias, y a veces le pifia una nota con total seguridad.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/generative-ai/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/generative-ai/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-git","slug":"git","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-git.svg","en":{"title":"Git","tagline":"A time machine for code: every change saved, by whom and why.","aliases":["version control"],"imageAlt":"A line of commits on main, a feature branch splitting off and merging back","lead":"**Git** is a program that records the history of a folder of files. Each time you save a set of changes you make a **commit**: a snapshot with a message (\"fix login bug\"), an author and a date. You can go back to any snapshot, compare two of them, or see who changed a given line and when. Linus Torvalds wrote it in 2005 to manage the Linux kernel, and today it is used for almost all software.","analogy":"Track changes in a document, but for a whole folder, with the option of trying an edit in a parallel copy and folding it back in once it is ready.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/git/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/git/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Git","tagline":"Una máquina del tiempo para el código: cada cambio guardado, por quién y por qué.","aliases":["control de versiones"],"imageAlt":"Una línea de commits en main, una rama feature que se abre y se vuelve a unir","lead":"**Git** es un programa que registra la historia de una carpeta de archivos. Cada vez que guardás un conjunto de cambios hacés un **commit**: una foto con un mensaje (\"arreglo del login\"), un autor y una fecha. Podés volver a cualquier foto, comparar dos, o ver quién cambió una línea y cuándo. Lo escribió Linus Torvalds en 2005 para manejar el kernel de Linux, y hoy se usa para casi todo el software.","analogy":"El control de cambios de un documento, pero para una carpeta entera, con la opción de probar una edición en una copia paralela y volver a juntarla cuando está lista.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/git/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/git/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-github","slug":"github","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software","companies"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-github.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"GitHub","tagline":"A website where teams store their code with Git and work on it together.","aliases":["GitHub repository","GitHub repositories","GitHub.com"],"imageAlt":"Two laptops push and pull code to a shared repository online, which also holds issues, pull requests and automated checks","lead":"**GitHub** is an online service for hosting code. Each project lives in a **repository**: a folder of files plus its full history, tracked with Git. Developers keep a copy on their laptop, make changes, and **push** them to GitHub so the rest of the team can **pull** them. It started in 2008 and has been owned by Microsoft since 2018.","analogy":"Git is like keeping a detailed diary of every edit to a document. GitHub is the shared office where everyone's diaries meet, with a meeting room for proposing changes and a bulletin board for problems.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/github/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/github/index.md"},"es":{"title":"GitHub","tagline":"Un sitio donde los equipos guardan su código con Git y trabajan juntos en él.","aliases":["repositorio de GitHub","repositorios de GitHub","GitHub.com"],"imageAlt":"Dos laptops suben y bajan código a un repositorio compartido online, que también guarda issues, pull requests y chequeos automáticos","lead":"**GitHub** es un servicio online para alojar código. Cada proyecto vive en un **repositorio**: una carpeta de archivos más toda su historia, registrada con Git. Cada developer tiene una copia en su laptop, hace cambios y los **pushea** a GitHub para que el resto del equipo los **pullee**. Arrancó en 2008 y es de Microsoft desde 2018.","analogy":"Git es como llevar un diario detallado de cada cambio a un documento. GitHub es la oficina compartida donde se juntan los diarios de todos, con una sala para proponer cambios y una cartelera para anotar problemas.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/github/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/github/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-github-copilot","slug":"github-copilot","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["ai","software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-github-copilot.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"GitHub Copilot","tagline":"An AI assistant inside the code editor that suggests and writes code.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"A code editor where the developer types a line and the assistant suggests the rest in grey, next to a chat panel","lead":"**GitHub Copilot** is an AI coding assistant made by GitHub, launched in 2021. It runs inside the editors developers already use, such as Visual Studio Code, and is powered by large language models that were trained on huge amounts of code and text.","analogy":"Like the autocomplete on your phone keyboard, but for code and much more ambitious: sometimes it finishes your word, sometimes it drafts the whole paragraph. You still decide what gets sent.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/github-copilot/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/github-copilot/index.md"},"es":{"title":"GitHub Copilot","tagline":"Un asistente de IA dentro del editor de código que sugiere y escribe código.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"Un editor de código donde la developer escribe una línea y el asistente sugiere el resto en gris, junto a un panel de chat","lead":"**GitHub Copilot** es un asistente de programación con IA hecho por GitHub y lanzado en 2021. Funciona dentro de los editores que los developers ya usan, como Visual Studio Code, y se apoya en modelos de lenguaje grandes entrenados con enormes cantidades de código y texto.","analogy":"Como el autocompletar del teclado del celular, pero para código y mucho más ambicioso: a veces te termina la palabra, a veces te escribe el párrafo entero. Lo que se manda lo seguís decidiendo vos.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/github-copilot/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/github-copilot/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-google","slug":"google","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-google.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Google","tagline":"The search company that gives most products away and makes its money on ads.","aliases":["Alphabet"],"imageAlt":"People use free products like search, video, maps and a phone system; advertisers pay to show ads there; a second row shows cloud, AI models and devices sold directly","lead":"**Google** started in 1998 as a search engine built by two Stanford students, Larry Page and Sergey Brin. Their idea was to rank web pages by how many other pages linked to them, which gave much better results than the search engines of the time. Since 2015 Google is part of **Alphabet**, a parent company that also holds other bets such as Waymo, the self-driving car business.","analogy":"A free TV channel. The shows (search, video, maps) cost you nothing because the channel sells the commercial breaks to advertisers, and the more people watch, the more each break is worth.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/google/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/google/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Google","tagline":"La empresa del buscador, que regala casi todo y gana plata con publicidad.","aliases":["Alphabet"],"imageAlt":"La gente usa productos gratis como el buscador, video, mapas y un sistema de celulares; los anunciantes pagan para mostrar avisos ahí; una segunda fila muestra la nube, modelos de IA y dispositivos que se venden directo","lead":"**Google** arrancó en 1998 como un buscador armado por dos estudiantes de Stanford, Larry Page y Sergey Brin. Su idea fue ordenar las páginas web según cuántas otras páginas las enlazaban, lo que daba resultados mucho mejores que los buscadores de esa época. Desde 2015 Google es parte de **Alphabet**, una empresa madre que también tiene otras apuestas, como Waymo, el negocio de autos que se manejan solos.","analogy":"Un canal de TV abierta. Los programas (buscador, videos, mapas) no te cuestan nada porque el canal le vende las tandas a los anunciantes, y cuanta más gente mira, más vale cada tanda.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/google/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/google/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-google-cloud","slug":"google-cloud","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["cloud","companies"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-google-cloud.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Google Cloud","tagline":"Google's cloud business: computing, storage, data and AI services rented by the hour.","aliases":["Google Cloud Platform","GCP"],"imageAlt":"A cloud holding four groups of rented services: compute, storage, data and AI, all running in Google's own data centers below","lead":"**Google Cloud**, often called **GCP** (Google Cloud Platform), is the part of Google that rents computing infrastructure and services to other companies, running in the same kind of global data centers that power Google Search and YouTube. It competes with AWS and Microsoft Azure, and is usually counted as the third-largest of the big public clouds.","analogy":"Renting space and tools in the same workshop where a famous manufacturer builds its own products. You get access to the machines they designed for themselves, and you pay by the hour for what you use.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/google-cloud/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/google-cloud/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Google Cloud","tagline":"El negocio de nube de Google: cómputo, almacenamiento, datos e IA que se pagan por uso.","aliases":["Google Cloud Platform","GCP"],"imageAlt":"Una nube con cuatro grupos de servicios para alquilar: cómputo, almacenamiento, datos e IA, todo corriendo en los centros de datos propios de Google debajo","lead":"**Google Cloud**, muchas veces llamado **GCP** (Google Cloud Platform), es la parte de Google que le alquila infraestructura y servicios de computación a otras empresas, corriendo en el mismo tipo de centros de datos globales que mueven el buscador de Google y YouTube. Compite con AWS y con Microsoft Azure, y en general se lo cuenta como la tercera más grande de las grandes nubes públicas.","analogy":"Alquilar lugar y herramientas en el mismo taller donde un fabricante famoso hace sus propios productos. Accedés a las máquinas que diseñaron para ellos, y pagás por hora lo que usás.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/google-cloud/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/google-cloud/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-10-gpu","slug":"gpu","date":"2026-10-10","level":1,"subjects":["hardware","ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-10-gpu.svg","en":{"title":"GPU","tagline":"The chip that does thousands of simple calculations at once.","aliases":["GPUs"],"imageAlt":"One big CPU core next to a grid of many tiny GPU cores","lead":"A **GPU** (Graphics Processing Unit) was invented to draw video game frames: millions of pixels that all need the same small calculation at the same time. Instead of a few powerful cores like a CPU, a GPU has thousands of small ones that work in parallel.","analogy":"A CPU is a brilliant chef who can cook any dish. A GPU is a thousand line cooks who each chop one onion. For a banquet of onions, the line cooks win.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/gpu/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/gpu/index.md"},"es":{"title":"GPU","tagline":"El chip que hace miles de cálculos simples al mismo tiempo.","aliases":["GPUs"],"imageAlt":"Un núcleo de CPU grande junto a una grilla de muchos núcleos de GPU chiquitos","lead":"Una **GPU** (Graphics Processing Unit) se inventó para dibujar cuadros de videojuegos: millones de píxeles que necesitan el mismo cálculo chiquito a la vez. En lugar de pocos núcleos potentes como una CPU, una GPU tiene miles de núcleos pequeños que trabajan en paralelo.","analogy":"Una CPU es un chef brillante que puede cocinar cualquier plato. Una GPU son mil ayudantes que pican una cebolla cada uno. Para un banquete de cebollas, ganan los ayudantes.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/gpu/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/gpu/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-graphql","slug":"graphql","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-graphql.svg","en":{"title":"GraphQL","tagline":"An API language where the app asks for exactly the fields it needs, in one request.","aliases":["GraphQL API","GraphQL APIs","GraphQL schema"],"imageAlt":"An app sends one query asking for a user's name and their last two orders to a single endpoint, which gathers them from three sources and returns exactly that shape","lead":"**GraphQL** is a way of building APIs in which the client writes a **query** describing the exact data it wants, and the server answers with JSON in that same shape. It was created at Facebook in 2012 to feed its mobile apps, released publicly in 2015, and is now maintained by the GraphQL Foundation, part of the Linux Foundation.","analogy":"REST is a set menu: each dish comes as the kitchen decided. GraphQL is ordering à la carte from a printed list of every ingredient: you get exactly what you asked for, but the kitchen has to watch out for absurd orders.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/graphql/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/graphql/index.md"},"es":{"title":"GraphQL","tagline":"Un lenguaje de APIs donde la app pide justo los campos que necesita, en un solo pedido.","aliases":["API GraphQL","APIs GraphQL","esquema GraphQL"],"imageAlt":"Una app manda una sola consulta pidiendo el nombre de un usuario y sus dos últimos pedidos a un único endpoint, que los junta de tres fuentes y devuelve exactamente esa forma","lead":"**GraphQL** es una forma de armar APIs en la que el cliente escribe una **consulta** (query) que describe exactamente los datos que quiere, y el servidor responde con JSON con esa misma forma. Se creó en Facebook en 2012 para alimentar sus apps móviles, se publicó en 2015 y hoy lo mantiene la GraphQL Foundation, parte de la Linux Foundation.","analogy":"REST es un menú fijo: cada plato viene como decidió la cocina. GraphQL es pedir a la carta desde una lista impresa de todos los ingredientes: te llega exactamente lo que pediste, pero la cocina tiene que cuidarse de los pedidos absurdos.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/graphql/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/graphql/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-hacker","slug":"hacker","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-hacker.svg","en":{"title":"Hacker","tagline":"Someone who takes systems apart to see how they work, for better or for worse.","aliases":["hackers","white hat","black hat","grey hat","ethical hacker","ethical hacking"],"imageAlt":"Three hats in a row: a white hat that reports a flaw to the owner, a grey hat in between, and a black hat that breaks in for profit","lead":"The word **hacker** has two lives. It was born in the late 1950s and 1960s among students at MIT, where a \"hack\" was a clever, playful solution to a technical problem. In that original sense, a hacker is a curious tinkerer who loves understanding how things work and bending them to do new things. Much of today's free and open source software came out of that culture.","analogy":"A locksmith. One studies locks to make better ones and opens doors when the owner asks; another uses the same skill to break into houses at night. The knowledge is the same; permission and intent make the difference.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hacker/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hacker/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Hacker","tagline":"Alguien que desarma sistemas para ver cómo funcionan, para bien o para mal.","aliases":["hackers","hacker ético","hackers éticos","hacking ético","sombrero blanco","sombrero negro"],"imageAlt":"Tres sombreros en fila: uno blanco que le reporta una falla al dueño, uno gris en el medio y uno negro que entra a robar","lead":"La palabra **hacker** tiene dos vidas. Nació a fines de los años 50 y en los 60 entre estudiantes del MIT, donde un \"hack\" era una solución ingeniosa y juguetona a un problema técnico. En ese sentido original, un hacker es alguien curioso que disfruta entender cómo funcionan las cosas y hacerlas hacer cosas nuevas. Buena parte del software libre y de código abierto de hoy salió de esa cultura.","analogy":"Un cerrajero. Uno estudia cerraduras para hacerlas mejores y abre puertas cuando el dueño se lo pide; otro usa el mismo saber para entrar a casas de noche. El conocimiento es el mismo; el permiso y la intención marcan la diferencia.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/hacker/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/hacker/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-hallucination","slug":"hallucination","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-hallucination.svg","en":{"title":"Hallucination","tagline":"When an AI model states something false with total confidence.","aliases":["hallucinations","hallucinate"],"imageAlt":"A chat bubble confidently citing a court case next to a magnifying glass over an empty archive marked not found","lead":"A **hallucination** is an answer from an AI model that sounds right and is wrong: a court case that never existed, a quote nobody said, a library function that does not exist, a wrong date delivered in a perfect sentence. The model is not lying; it has no idea it is wrong. It produced the most plausible-sounding text, and plausible is not the same as true.","analogy":"A confident student in an oral exam who, instead of saying 'I don't remember', improvises an answer in the same assured tone as the ones they actually know. From the tone alone you cannot tell which is which.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hallucination/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hallucination/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Alucinación","tagline":"Cuando un modelo de IA afirma algo falso con total seguridad.","aliases":["alucinaciones","alucinar"],"imageAlt":"Un globo de chat que cita con seguridad un fallo judicial junto a una lupa sobre un archivo vacío marcado como no encontrado","lead":"Una **alucinación** es una respuesta de un modelo de IA que suena bien y está mal: un fallo judicial que nunca existió, una cita que nadie dijo, una función de programación que no existe, una fecha equivocada en una oración perfecta. El modelo no miente; no tiene idea de que se equivocó. Produjo el texto que sonaba más plausible, y plausible no es lo mismo que cierto.","analogy":"Un alumno seguro de sí mismo en un examen oral que, en vez de decir 'no me acuerdo', improvisa una respuesta con el mismo tono firme que usa para las que sí sabe. Solo por el tono no distinguís cuál es cuál.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/hallucination/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/hallucination/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-hard-disk-drive","slug":"hard-disk-drive","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-hard-disk-drive.svg","en":{"title":"Hard disk drive","tagline":"Storage that keeps data on spinning magnetic platters: slower than an SSD, but cheap.","aliases":["hard disk drives","hard disk","hard disks","hard drive","hard drives","HDD","HDDs"],"imageAlt":"A hard disk seen from above: a round platter spinning, with an arm and a read/write head moving across its tracks","lead":"A **hard disk drive** (HDD) stores data magnetically on one or more round metal platters stacked inside a sealed box. The platters spin at several thousand revolutions per minute, and an arm sweeps a tiny **read/write head** across them, floating a hair's breadth above the surface. Writing flips the magnetic direction of microscopic spots; reading senses them. The data stays there with the power off.","analogy":"A record player with a very fast needle. To play a song, the arm has to travel to the right groove and wait for it to come around; a pile of records is cheap, but jumping between songs takes time.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hard-disk-drive/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hard-disk-drive/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Disco rígido","tagline":"Almacenamiento en platos magnéticos que giran: más lento que un SSD, pero barato.","aliases":["discos rígidos","disco duro","discos duros","HDD","HDDs"],"imageAlt":"Un disco rígido visto desde arriba: un plato redondo girando, con un brazo y un cabezal de lectura y escritura que se mueve sobre sus pistas","lead":"Un **disco rígido** (HDD, por hard disk drive; en otros países le dicen disco duro) guarda los datos de forma magnética en uno o más platos redondos de metal, apilados adentro de una caja sellada. Los platos giran a varios miles de vueltas por minuto, y un brazo pasa por encima un **cabezal de lectura y escritura** diminuto, que flota a una distancia mínima de la superficie. Escribir es cambiar la orientación magnética de puntos microscópicos; leer es detectarla. Los datos quedan ahí con la energía apagada.","analogy":"Un tocadiscos con una púa muy rápida. Para poner un tema, el brazo tiene que viajar al surco correcto y esperar a que pase; una pila de discos sale barata, pero saltar entre temas lleva tiempo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/hard-disk-drive/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/hard-disk-drive/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-hashing","slug":"hashing","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-hashing.svg","en":{"title":"Hashing","tagline":"A one-way fingerprint of data: easy to compute, not meant to be reversed.","aliases":["hash","hashes","hash function","hashed"],"imageAlt":"Two almost identical inputs going through a hash function and coming out as completely different fingerprints, with no way back","lead":"A **hash function** takes any input (a word, a file, a whole disk) and produces a short, fixed-size string called a **hash**: `SHA-256` always gives 64 hexadecimal characters. The same input always gives the same hash. Change one letter and the hash is completely different. And there is no way to run it backwards: from the hash you cannot rebuild the input, and finding two inputs with the same hash is, for a good function, impractical.","analogy":"A fingerprint. It identifies a person reliably and fits on a small card, but you cannot rebuild the person from the print.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hashing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hashing/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Hashing","tagline":"Una huella digital de los datos en un solo sentido: fácil de calcular, imposible de revertir.","aliases":["hash","hashes","función hash","hasheado"],"imageAlt":"Dos entradas casi iguales que pasan por una función hash y salen como huellas totalmente distintas, sin camino de vuelta","lead":"Una **función hash** toma cualquier entrada (una palabra, un archivo, un disco entero) y produce una cadena corta de tamaño fijo llamada **hash**: `SHA-256` siempre da 64 caracteres hexadecimales. La misma entrada siempre da el mismo hash. Cambiá una letra y el hash es completamente distinto. Y no hay forma de correrla al revés: desde el hash no podés reconstruir la entrada, y encontrar dos entradas con el mismo hash es, para una buena función, impracticable.","analogy":"Una huella digital. Identifica a una persona con confianza y entra en una tarjeta chiquita, pero no podés reconstruir a la persona a partir de la huella.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/hashing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/hashing/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-high-availability","slug":"high-availability","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-high-availability.svg","en":{"title":"High availability","tagline":"Designing a system so it keeps working when one of its parts fails.","aliases":["highly available","failover","single point of failure"],"imageAlt":"A load balancer sends traffic to servers in two availability zones; one zone is crossed out and traffic keeps flowing to the other","lead":"**High availability** (HA) is the goal of keeping a service up nearly all the time, even when individual parts break. Servers crash, disks fail, networks drop and whole data centers lose power; a highly available system is built so that none of those events, on its own, takes the service down. It is usually measured as a percentage of uptime, like 99.9% or 99.99%.","analogy":"A plane with two engines. It can fly on one if the other fails, so a single engine problem is an incident, not a crash. You pay for the second engine on every flight so that you never need to think about it.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/high-availability/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/high-availability/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Alta disponibilidad","tagline":"Diseñar un sistema para que siga funcionando cuando falla una de sus partes.","aliases":["high availability","failover","punto único de falla"],"imageAlt":"Un balanceador de carga manda tráfico a servidores en dos zonas de disponibilidad; una zona está tachada y el tráfico sigue yendo a la otra","lead":"La **alta disponibilidad** (high availability, HA) es el objetivo de mantener un servicio funcionando casi todo el tiempo, aunque se rompan partes. Los servidores se cuelgan, los discos fallan, las redes se cortan y centros de datos enteros se quedan sin luz; un sistema de alta disponibilidad está armado para que ninguno de esos eventos, por sí solo, lo tire abajo. Se suele medir como porcentaje de tiempo en línea, por ejemplo 99,9% o 99,99%.","analogy":"Un avión con dos motores. Puede volar con uno si el otro falla, así que un problema en un motor es un incidente y no una tragedia. Pagás el segundo motor en cada vuelo para no tener que pensar nunca en él.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/high-availability/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/high-availability/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-html","slug":"html","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-html.svg","en":{"title":"HTML","tagline":"The text format that describes what is on a web page: headings, paragraphs, links.","aliases":["HyperText Markup Language","HTML5"],"imageAlt":"HTML tags on the left, a heading, a paragraph and a link, become the matching parts of a web page on the right","lead":"**HTML** (HyperText Markup Language) is the format every web page is written in. It is plain text with **tags**, short labels in angle brackets, that mark what each piece is: `h1` for a main heading, `p` for a paragraph, `a` for a link, `img` for an image. In the file a tag is written between angle brackets, and most come in pairs that open and close around the content. The browser reads those tags and draws the page.","analogy":"The labels an editor writes in the margin of a manuscript: \"title here\", \"new paragraph\", \"photo goes here\". They do not change the words; they tell the printer what each part is.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/html/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/html/index.md"},"es":{"title":"HTML","tagline":"El formato de texto que describe qué hay en una página web: títulos, párrafos, links.","aliases":["HyperText Markup Language","HTML5","lenguaje de marcado de hipertexto"],"imageAlt":"Etiquetas HTML a la izquierda, un título, un párrafo y un link, se convierten en las partes correspondientes de una página web a la derecha","lead":"**HTML** (HyperText Markup Language, lenguaje de marcado de hipertexto) es el formato en el que está escrita toda página web. Es texto común con **etiquetas**, rótulos cortos entre signos de menor y mayor, que marcan qué es cada pedazo: `h1` para el título principal, `p` para un párrafo, `a` para un link, `img` para una imagen. En el archivo cada etiqueta va entre esos signos, y la mayoría viene de a pares que abren y cierran alrededor del contenido. El navegador lee esas etiquetas y dibuja la página.","analogy":"Las anotaciones que un editor escribe en el margen de un manuscrito: \"acá va el título\", \"párrafo nuevo\", \"acá va la foto\". No cambian las palabras; le dicen a la imprenta qué es cada parte.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/html/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/html/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-http","slug":"http","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-http.svg","en":{"title":"HTTP","tagline":"The request-and-response language browsers and websites speak.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"A browser sending a GET request to a server and receiving a 200 OK response, with the status codes 200, 404 and 500 below","lead":"**HTTP** (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is the set of rules a browser and a web server use to talk. The browser sends a **request** (give me this page) and the server sends back a **response** (the page, or an error). Every web page, image and API call you use runs on this simple back-and-forth.","analogy":"Ordering at a counter with a numbered ticket. You say what you want in a fixed form, you get a plate or a we are out of that, and the counter does not remember you between orders.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/http/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/http/index.md"},"es":{"title":"HTTP","tagline":"El idioma de pedido y respuesta que hablan los navegadores y los sitios web.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"Un navegador mandando un pedido GET a un servidor y recibiendo una respuesta 200 OK, con los códigos 200, 404 y 500 abajo","lead":"**HTTP** (HyperText Transfer Protocol) es el conjunto de reglas con el que un navegador y un servidor web se hablan. El navegador manda un **pedido** (dame esta página) y el servidor devuelve una **respuesta** (la página, o un error). Cada página, cada imagen y cada llamada a una API que usás corre sobre este ida y vuelta tan simple.","analogy":"Pedir en un mostrador con número. Decís lo que querés con una fórmula fija, recibís el plato o un no nos queda, y el mostrador no se acuerda de vos entre pedido y pedido.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/http/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/http/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-https","slug":"https","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["security","networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-https.svg","en":{"title":"HTTPS","tagline":"The padlock in your browser: web traffic nobody in between can read.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"A browser and a server exchanging a locked envelope while an eavesdropper sees only noise","lead":"**HTTPS** is plain HTTP (the language browsers and websites speak) wrapped in encryption, using a protocol called **TLS**. When you open a site with the padlock, your browser and the server first agree on a secret key that only they know, then every request and response is scrambled with it.","analogy":"Sending a letter in a locked box where only you and the recipient have the key. The mail carrier still delivers it, but can only see the address, never the letter.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/https/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/https/index.md"},"es":{"title":"HTTPS","tagline":"El candadito del navegador: tráfico web que nadie en el medio puede leer.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"Un navegador y un servidor intercambiando un sobre con candado mientras un espía solo ve ruido","lead":"**HTTPS** es HTTP común (el idioma que hablan navegadores y sitios) envuelto en cifrado, con un protocolo llamado **TLS**. Cuando abrís un sitio con el candado, tu navegador y el servidor primero acuerdan una clave secreta que solo ellos conocen, y después cada pedido y cada respuesta se mezcla con esa clave.","analogy":"Mandar una carta en una caja con candado de la que solo vos y el destinatario tienen llave. El cartero la entrega igual, pero solo ve la dirección, nunca la carta.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/https/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/https/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-huawei","slug":"huawei","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-huawei.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Huawei","tagline":"A Chinese company that makes mobile network equipment, phones and its own chips.","aliases":["Huawei Technologies","HarmonyOS"],"imageAlt":"Three parts of the company: antennas and network gear for mobile operators, phones and watches for consumers, and chips designed in house","lead":"**Huawei** was founded in 1987 in Shenzhen, China, by Ren Zhengfei. It started by reselling telephone switches and grew into one of the world's largest makers of **telecom equipment**: the antennas, base stations, fiber gear and core systems that mobile operators install so your phone can connect. When a carrier builds a 4G or 5G network, Huawei is one of a handful of companies, along with Ericsson and Nokia, that can supply the whole thing.","analogy":"A company that builds both the roads and the cars. It sells the highways to the countries that run them, and the vehicles to the people who drive on them.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/huawei/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/huawei/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Huawei","tagline":"Una empresa china que hace equipos para redes móviles, celulares y sus propios chips.","aliases":["Huawei Technologies","HarmonyOS"],"imageAlt":"Tres partes de la empresa: antenas y equipos de red para operadoras móviles, celulares y relojes para el público, y chips de diseño propio","lead":"**Huawei** se fundó en 1987 en Shenzhen, China, de la mano de Ren Zhengfei. Arrancó revendiendo centrales telefónicas y creció hasta ser uno de los mayores fabricantes de **equipos de telecomunicaciones** del mundo: las antenas, estaciones base, equipos de fibra y sistemas centrales que instalan las operadoras móviles para que tu celular se conecte. Cuando una operadora arma una red 4G o 5G, Huawei es una de las pocas empresas, junto con Ericsson y Nokia, que pueden proveer todo.","analogy":"Una empresa que construye tanto las rutas como los autos. Les vende las autopistas a los países que las administran, y los vehículos a la gente que maneja por ellas.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/huawei/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/huawei/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-hugging-face","slug":"hugging-face","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-hugging-face.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Hugging Face","tagline":"The website where people share AI models and datasets, and the tools to use them.","aliases":["HuggingFace","Hugging Face Hub"],"imageAlt":"A shared hub holds shelves of models, datasets and demo apps; people upload to it and download from it","lead":"**Hugging Face** is a company founded in 2016 in New York by three French entrepreneurs, Clément Delangue, Julien Chaumond and Thomas Wolf. It started as a chatbot app for teenagers, named after the hugging face emoji, and changed course when the open-source code it wrote for its own AI models became popular with researchers.","analogy":"A big public library for AI, where anyone can donate a book, borrow one for free, or sit in the reading room and try it out, and the library charges only for private rooms and extra services.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hugging-face/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hugging-face/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Hugging Face","tagline":"El sitio donde se comparten modelos de IA y datasets, y las herramientas para usarlos.","aliases":["HuggingFace","Hugging Face Hub"],"imageAlt":"Un hub compartido tiene estantes de modelos, datasets y apps de demo; la gente sube cosas y las descarga","lead":"**Hugging Face** es una empresa fundada en 2016 en Nueva York por tres emprendedores franceses, Clément Delangue, Julien Chaumond y Thomas Wolf. Empezó como una app de chatbot para adolescentes, con el nombre del emoji de la carita que abraza, y cambió de rumbo cuando el código abierto que escribía para sus propios modelos de IA se volvió popular entre investigadores.","analogy":"Una gran biblioteca pública de IA, donde cualquiera puede donar un libro, llevarse uno gratis o sentarse en la sala de lectura a probarlo, y la biblioteca solo cobra por las salas privadas y los servicios extra.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/hugging-face/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/hugging-face/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-hybrid-and-multi-cloud","slug":"hybrid-and-multi-cloud","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-hybrid-and-multi-cloud.svg","en":{"title":"Hybrid and multi-cloud","tagline":"Running systems across your own servers and the cloud, or across several cloud providers.","aliases":["hybrid cloud","multi-cloud","multicloud","on-premises","on-prem"],"imageAlt":"Left: a company's own server room linked to one public cloud, labeled hybrid. Right: one company linked to two different cloud providers, labeled multi-cloud","lead":"A **hybrid cloud** mixes a company's own servers, in its offices or a rented data center (called **on-premises** or on-prem), with a public cloud like AWS, Azure or Google Cloud, connected so they work as one system. A bank might keep its core accounts on its own hardware for regulatory reasons while running its mobile app and analytics in the cloud. A factory might process sensor data locally and send summaries to the cloud.","analogy":"Hybrid is keeping your own car while also using taxis for some trips. Multi-cloud is having accounts with two taxi companies. Both give you options, and both mean more apps, more bills and more rules to remember.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hybrid-and-multi-cloud/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hybrid-and-multi-cloud/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Nube híbrida y multicloud","tagline":"Sistemas repartidos entre servidores propios y la nube, o entre varias nubes.","aliases":["nube híbrida","multicloud","multinube","hybrid cloud","on-premises","on-prem"],"imageAlt":"A la izquierda: la sala de servidores propia de una empresa conectada a una nube pública, rotulada híbrida. A la derecha: una empresa conectada a dos proveedores de nube distintos, rotulada multicloud","lead":"Una **nube híbrida** combina los servidores propios de una empresa, en sus oficinas o en un centro de datos alquilado (lo que se llama **on-premises** u on-prem), con una nube pública como AWS, Azure o Google Cloud, conectados para funcionar como un solo sistema. Un banco puede mantener sus cuentas principales en hardware propio por temas regulatorios y correr la app y los análisis en la nube. Una fábrica puede procesar los datos de sus sensores en el lugar y mandar resúmenes a la nube.","analogy":"Híbrida es tener tu propio auto y además usar taxis para algunos viajes. Multicloud es tener cuenta en dos empresas de taxis. Las dos cosas te dan opciones, y las dos implican más apps, más facturas y más reglas para recordar.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/hybrid-and-multi-cloud/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/hybrid-and-multi-cloud/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-hypervisor","slug":"hypervisor","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-hypervisor.svg","en":{"title":"Hypervisor","tagline":"The software layer that splits one physical computer into many virtual machines.","aliases":["hypervisors","virtualization","virtualisation"],"imageAlt":"Two stacks side by side: type 1, where the hypervisor runs directly on the hardware, and type 2, where it runs as an app on top of a normal operating system","lead":"A **hypervisor** is the software that creates and runs virtual machines. It sits between the physical hardware and the VMs, hands each one a share of CPU time, memory, storage and network, and keeps them isolated: a VM thinks it has a whole computer to itself, and it cannot read another VM's memory. This whole technique is called **virtualization**.","analogy":"The manager of a shared office building who assigns each tenant their own floor, meters their electricity and makes sure nobody's key opens someone else's door. The tenants only see their own floor; the manager sees the whole building.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hypervisor/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hypervisor/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Hipervisor","tagline":"La capa de software que divide una computadora física en muchas máquinas virtuales.","aliases":["hipervisores","hypervisor","virtualización"],"imageAlt":"Dos pilas lado a lado: tipo 1, donde el hipervisor corre directo sobre el hardware, y tipo 2, donde corre como una app arriba de un sistema operativo común","lead":"Un **hipervisor** es el software que crea y hace correr máquinas virtuales. Se ubica entre el hardware físico y las VMs, le da a cada una su parte de tiempo de CPU, memoria, almacenamiento y red, y las mantiene aisladas: una VM cree que tiene una computadora entera para ella, y no puede leer la memoria de otra. Toda esta técnica se llama **virtualización**.","analogy":"El administrador de un edificio de oficinas compartido que le asigna a cada inquilino su piso, le mide la luz y se asegura de que ninguna llave abra la puerta de otro. Los inquilinos solo ven su piso; el administrador ve todo el edificio.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/hypervisor/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/hypervisor/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-iam","slug":"iam","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-iam.svg","en":{"title":"IAM","tagline":"The rulebook that says who can do what in your AWS account.","aliases":["Identity and Access Management","IAM role","IAM roles","IAM user","IAM users","IAM policy","IAM policies"],"imageAlt":"A user holding a policy card; a green check lets them into one bucket and a red cross blocks a database","lead":"**IAM** (Identity and Access Management) is the AWS service that controls permissions. Every action in AWS (reading a file in Amazon S3, starting an Amazon EC2 instance, deleting a database) is checked against IAM first: who is asking, and are they allowed? By default the answer is no; you grant permissions explicitly.","analogy":"A building's badge system. Each badge (a user or a role) opens only the doors listed on it (the policies). The cleaning crew's badge opens the offices at night but not the server room, and a lost badge gets cancelled without changing the locks.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/iam/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/iam/index.md"},"es":{"title":"IAM","tagline":"El reglamento que dice quién puede hacer qué en tu cuenta de AWS.","aliases":["rol de IAM","roles de IAM","usuario de IAM","usuarios de IAM","política de IAM","políticas de IAM"],"imageAlt":"Un usuario con una tarjeta de política; un tilde verde lo deja entrar a un bucket y una cruz roja le bloquea una base de datos","lead":"**IAM** (Identity and Access Management) es el servicio de AWS que controla los permisos. Cada acción en AWS (leer un archivo en Amazon S3, prender una instancia de Amazon EC2, borrar una base de datos) pasa primero por IAM: ¿quién pide, y tiene permiso? Por defecto la respuesta es no; los permisos los otorgás vos explícitamente.","analogy":"El sistema de tarjetas de un edificio. Cada tarjeta (un usuario o un rol) abre solo las puertas que tiene listadas (las políticas). La tarjeta del equipo de limpieza abre las oficinas de noche pero no la sala de servidores, y una tarjeta perdida se cancela sin cambiar las cerraduras.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/iam/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/iam/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-ibm","slug":"ibm","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-ibm.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"IBM","tagline":"A century-old computer company that sells software, consulting and mainframes.","aliases":["International Business Machines"],"imageAlt":"A big company box splits into three business lines: software and hybrid cloud, consulting, and infrastructure such as mainframes, all serving banks, airlines and governments","lead":"**IBM** (International Business Machines) is an American company that began in 1911 making machines to tabulate, record and count, and took its current name in 1924. For most of the 20th century it was the name in computing: its punched-card systems ran censuses and payrolls, and its **mainframes**, large, very reliable computers starting with the System/360 in 1964, became the core of banks, airlines and governments. In 1981 the IBM PC set the standard for the personal computer.","analogy":"An old, large engineering firm that once built the city's power plants. It no longer makes the light bulbs people buy at the store, but it still runs and modernizes the plants, and sells the know-how to do it.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ibm/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ibm/index.md"},"es":{"title":"IBM","tagline":"Una empresa centenaria de computación que vende software, consultoría y mainframes.","aliases":["International Business Machines"],"imageAlt":"Una caja grande de la empresa se divide en tres negocios: software y nube híbrida, consultoría e infraestructura como los mainframes, todos al servicio de bancos, aerolíneas y gobiernos","lead":"**IBM** (International Business Machines) es una empresa estadounidense que empezó en 1911 haciendo máquinas para tabular, registrar y contar, y adoptó su nombre actual en 1924. Durante casi todo el siglo XX fue el nombre de la computación: sus sistemas de tarjetas perforadas procesaron censos y sueldos, y sus **mainframes**, computadoras grandes y muy confiables que arrancaron con la System/360 en 1964, se volvieron el corazón de bancos, aerolíneas y gobiernos. En 1981 la IBM PC fijó el estándar de la computadora personal.","analogy":"Una empresa de ingeniería vieja y grande que alguna vez construyó las usinas de la ciudad. Ya no fabrica las lamparitas que la gente compra en el súper, pero sigue operando y modernizando las usinas, y vende el saber hacerlo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ibm/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ibm/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-ide","slug":"ide","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-ide.svg","en":{"title":"IDE","tagline":"The app where programmers write, run and fix code, with all the tools in one window.","aliases":["IDEs","integrated development environment","integrated development environments","code editor","code editors"],"imageAlt":"An IDE window with a file list on the left, the code editor in the middle with a misspelled word underlined, and a terminal panel at the bottom","lead":"An **IDE** (integrated development environment) is the main workplace of a programmer: an app that combines a code editor with the tools needed around it. In one window you see the project's files, edit the source code, run the program, read its errors, use a debugger and type commands in a built-in terminal. Visual Studio Code, IntelliJ IDEA, Xcode and Android Studio are well-known examples.","analogy":"A well-equipped workbench instead of a single screwdriver: the vise, the drill, the measuring tape and the light are all within reach, set up for the job you do every day.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ide/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ide/index.md"},"es":{"title":"IDE","tagline":"La app donde se escribe, ejecuta y arregla código, con todas las herramientas a mano.","aliases":["IDEs","entorno de desarrollo integrado","entornos de desarrollo integrados","editor de código","editores de código"],"imageAlt":"Una ventana de IDE con la lista de archivos a la izquierda, el editor de código en el medio con una palabra mal escrita subrayada y una terminal abajo","lead":"Un **IDE** (integrated development environment, entorno de desarrollo integrado) es el lugar de trabajo principal de quien programa: una app que combina un editor de código con las herramientas que lo rodean. En una sola ventana ves los archivos del proyecto, editás el código fuente, corrés el programa, leés sus errores, usás un debugger y escribís comandos en una terminal incorporada. Visual Studio Code, IntelliJ IDEA, Xcode y Android Studio son ejemplos conocidos.","analogy":"Un banco de trabajo bien equipado en vez de un destornillador suelto: la morsa, el taladro, el metro y la lámpara están todos al alcance, armados para el trabajo de todos los días.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ide/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ide/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-identity-theft","slug":"identity-theft","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-identity-theft.svg","en":{"title":"Identity theft","tagline":"Someone uses your personal details to pass as you, usually to borrow or buy in your name.","aliases":["identity fraud","stolen identity"],"imageAlt":"Pieces of personal data, a name, an ID number, a birth date and an address, are combined into a copy of a person's ID card that a fraudster uses to open a loan and a phone line","lead":"**Identity theft** is when someone gets enough of your personal information to pretend to be you: your full name, ID or social security number, date of birth, address, phone number, sometimes a photo of your ID card or a selfie. With that, they can open a credit card or a loan in your name, sign up for a phone line, take over your existing accounts, claim benefits, or give your name when they are stopped by the police.","analogy":"Like someone collecting the pieces of your house key scattered around town, one from your mailbox, one from your social profile, one from a store that lost its records, until they can cut a full copy and walk in as if they lived there.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/identity-theft/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/identity-theft/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Robo de identidad","tagline":"Alguien usa tus datos personales para hacerse pasar por vos, casi siempre por plata.","aliases":["fraude de identidad","identidad robada"],"imageAlt":"Datos personales sueltos, un nombre, un número de documento, una fecha de nacimiento y una dirección, se combinan en una copia del documento de una persona que un estafador usa para pedir un préstamo y una línea de teléfono","lead":"El **robo de identidad** es cuando alguien consigue suficientes datos personales tuyos como para hacerse pasar por vos: nombre completo, número de documento o CUIL, fecha de nacimiento, dirección, teléfono, a veces una foto del DNI o una selfie. Con eso puede sacar una tarjeta de crédito o un préstamo a tu nombre, dar de alta una línea de celular, quedarse con tus cuentas, cobrar beneficios o dar tu nombre si lo para la policía.","analogy":"Como alguien que junta las partes de la llave de tu casa desparramadas por la ciudad, una de tu buzón, otra de tu perfil en redes, otra de una tienda que perdió sus registros, hasta que puede hacer una copia entera y entrar como si viviera ahí.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/identity-theft/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/identity-theft/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-incognito-mode","slug":"incognito-mode","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-incognito-mode.svg","en":{"title":"Incognito mode","tagline":"A browser window that forgets your visit on this device. It does not make you invisible.","aliases":["private browsing","private window","private mode"],"imageAlt":"A private browser window on a laptop forgets history and cookies when closed, while the websites, the network owner and the internet provider can still see the visit","lead":"**Incognito mode** (Chrome's name; Safari, Firefox and others call it **private browsing**) opens a browser window that keeps nothing once you close it: no history, no cookies, no saved form entries, no logins. The next person who uses the same computer will not see which sites you visited, and sites will not recognize you from an earlier session in that window.","analogy":"Like a hotel room that is cleaned the moment you check out: the next guest finds no trace of you. But the front desk, the cameras in the lobby and the taxi that brought you all saw you arrive.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/incognito-mode/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/incognito-mode/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Modo incógnito","tagline":"Una ventana que olvida lo que hiciste en este equipo. No te vuelve invisible.","aliases":["navegación privada","ventana privada","ventana de incógnito","modo privado"],"imageAlt":"Una ventana privada en una notebook olvida el historial y las cookies al cerrarse, mientras los sitios, el dueño de la red y el proveedor de internet igual pueden ver la visita","lead":"El **modo incógnito** (así lo llama Chrome; Safari, Firefox y otros le dicen **navegación privada**) abre una ventana del navegador que no guarda nada cuando la cerrás: ni historial, ni cookies, ni datos de formularios, ni sesiones iniciadas. La próxima persona que use la misma computadora no va a ver qué sitios visitaste, y los sitios no te van a reconocer de una sesión anterior en esa ventana.","analogy":"Como una habitación de hotel que limpian apenas hacés el check-out: el próximo huésped no encuentra rastros tuyos. Pero la recepción, las cámaras del lobby y el taxi que te llevó te vieron llegar.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/incognito-mode/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/incognito-mode/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-infrastructure-as-code","slug":"infrastructure-as-code","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-infrastructure-as-code.svg","en":{"title":"Infrastructure as code","tagline":"Describing servers, networks and databases in files instead of clicking.","aliases":["IaC"],"imageAlt":"A text file describing a server, a bucket and a database, applied to create those resources in the cloud","lead":"**Infrastructure as code** (**IaC**) means writing down the cloud resources you need in a text file and letting a tool create them. Instead of clicking through the AWS console to make a virtual machine, a bucket and a database, you write \"one Amazon EC2 instance of this size, one Amazon S3 bucket with this name, one Amazon RDS database\", run a command, and the tool makes the cloud match the file.","analogy":"A written recipe instead of a chef's memory. With the recipe on paper, any kitchen can cook the same dish tonight, next week or in another city, and a typo in it is visible before dinner, not during.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/infrastructure-as-code/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/infrastructure-as-code/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Infraestructura como código","tagline":"Describir servidores, redes y bases de datos en archivos en vez de a clics.","aliases":["IaC"],"imageAlt":"Un archivo de texto que describe un servidor, un bucket y una base de datos, aplicado para crear esos recursos en la nube","lead":"**Infraestructura como código** (**IaC**) es escribir en un archivo de texto los recursos de nube que necesitás y dejar que una herramienta los cree. En vez de ir clickeando por la consola de AWS para armar una máquina virtual, un bucket y una base de datos, escribís \"una instancia de Amazon EC2 de este tamaño, un bucket de Amazon S3 con este nombre, una base Amazon RDS\", corrés un comando, y la herramienta hace que la nube coincida con el archivo.","analogy":"Una receta escrita en vez de la memoria del cocinero. Con la receta en papel, cualquier cocina puede hacer el mismo plato hoy, la semana que viene o en otra ciudad, y un error de tipeo se ve antes de la cena, no durante.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/infrastructure-as-code/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/infrastructure-as-code/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-intel","slug":"intel","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-intel.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Intel","tagline":"The American company behind most PC and server processors for decades.","aliases":["Intel Corporation"],"imageAlt":"One company box holds both a design blueprint and a factory, and its CPUs go out to laptops and servers","lead":"**Intel** makes CPUs, the main processor of a computer. Its chips, sold under names like Core for PCs and Xeon for servers, have powered most of the world's desktops, laptops and data centers since the 1990s. It created **x86**, the instruction set that Windows PCs and most servers still use, and in 1971 it sold one of the first microprocessors.","analogy":"A bakery that writes its own recipes and runs its own ovens. For years that made it the best bakery in town; when a rival oven shop (TSMC) got better ovens, the bakers who only write recipes could suddenly bake finer bread.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/intel/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/intel/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Intel","tagline":"La empresa estadounidense detrás de la mayoría de los procesadores de PC y servidores.","aliases":["Intel Corporation"],"imageAlt":"Una sola caja de empresa contiene un plano de diseño y una fábrica, y sus CPUs salen hacia notebooks y servidores","lead":"**Intel** hace CPUs, el procesador principal de una computadora. Sus chips, que se venden con nombres como Core para PCs y Xeon para servidores, mueven la mayoría de las computadoras de escritorio, notebooks y data centers del mundo desde los años 90. Creó **x86**, el set de instrucciones que siguen usando las PCs con Windows y la mayoría de los servidores, y en 1971 vendió uno de los primeros microprocesadores.","analogy":"Una panadería que escribe sus propias recetas y tiene sus propios hornos. Durante años eso la hizo la mejor del barrio; cuando un taller de hornos rival (TSMC) consiguió hornos mejores, los panaderos que solo escriben recetas de golpe pudieron hacer un pan más fino.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/intel/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/intel/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-internet","slug":"internet","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-internet.svg","en":{"title":"Internet","tagline":"A worldwide network of networks that lets any connected device reach any other.","aliases":["Internet Protocol","network of networks"],"imageAlt":"Four separate networks, a home, an office, a mobile carrier and a university, joined through three routers in the middle, with packets traveling between them","lead":"The **Internet** is a global network made of many smaller networks: those of homes, universities, companies, mobile carriers and internet providers, all connected to each other. No single company owns it or runs it. What holds it together is a set of shared rules, above all the **Internet Protocol**, which gives every connected device an IP address and lets data find its way from any point to any other.","analogy":"A worldwide postal system run by thousands of local post offices that agreed on how to write addresses. Nobody owns the whole system, yet a letter sent from anywhere can reach anywhere, handed from one office to the next.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/internet/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/internet/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Internet","tagline":"Una red mundial de redes que conecta cualquier aparato con cualquier otro.","aliases":["red de redes","Internet Protocol"],"imageAlt":"Cuatro redes separadas, una casa, una oficina, una compañía de celulares y una universidad, unidas por tres routers en el medio, con paquetes viajando entre ellas","lead":"**Internet** es una red global hecha de muchas redes más chicas: las de casas, universidades, empresas, compañías de celulares y proveedores de internet, todas conectadas entre sí. Ninguna empresa es dueña de ella ni la maneja. Lo que la mantiene unida es un conjunto de reglas compartidas, sobre todo el **Internet Protocol** (protocolo de internet), que le da a cada aparato conectado una dirección IP y permite que los datos encuentren su camino de cualquier punto a cualquier otro.","analogy":"Un correo mundial manejado por miles de oficinas locales que se pusieron de acuerdo en cómo escribir las direcciones. Nadie es dueño del sistema entero, y aun así una carta mandada desde cualquier lugar llega a cualquier otro, pasando de oficina en oficina.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/internet/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/internet/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-internet-of-things","slug":"internet-of-things","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["hardware","networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-internet-of-things.svg","en":{"title":"Internet of things","tagline":"Everyday objects with sensors and a network connection: thermostats, meters, doorbells.","aliases":["IoT","IoT device","IoT devices"],"imageAlt":"A thermostat, a doorbell, a meter and a sensor, each connected by a line to a cloud in the middle, which connects to an app on a phone","lead":"The **Internet of things** (**IoT**) is the name for ordinary objects that carry a small computer, a few sensors and a network connection: a thermostat you control from your phone, a smart electricity meter, a video doorbell, a fitness band, a soil-moisture sensor in a field, a tracker inside a shipping container. Each one measures or does something and reports over the internet.","analogy":"Giving objects a voice and a phone line. One plant pot that can say \"I'm dry\" is not very clever, but a farm full of them can tell you exactly where to water.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/internet-of-things/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/internet-of-things/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Internet de las cosas","tagline":"Objetos comunes con sensores y conexión a la red: termostatos, medidores, timbres.","aliases":["IoT","dispositivo IoT","dispositivos IoT","internet of things"],"imageAlt":"Un termostato, un timbre, un medidor y un sensor, cada uno unido con una línea a una nube en el centro, que se conecta con una app en un celular","lead":"**Internet de las cosas** (**IoT**, por internet of things) es el nombre que reciben los objetos comunes que llevan una computadora chiquita, algunos sensores y conexión a la red: un termostato que manejás desde el celular, un medidor de luz inteligente, un timbre con cámara, una pulsera deportiva, un sensor de humedad en un campo, un rastreador dentro de un contenedor. Cada uno mide o hace algo e informa por internet.","analogy":"Darles a los objetos voz y una línea de teléfono. Una maceta que avisa \"tengo sed\" no es muy inteligente, pero un campo lleno de ellas te dice exactamente dónde regar.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/internet-of-things/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/internet-of-things/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-ip-address","slug":"ip-address","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-ip-address.svg","en":{"title":"IP address","tagline":"The number that identifies a device on a network, like a postal address.","aliases":["IP addresses","IP"],"imageAlt":"A laptop and a server, each with its numeric address, exchanging an envelope that carries both addresses","lead":"An **IP address** is a number that identifies a device on a network, so that data can find its way to it. Your phone has one on the café Wi-Fi, the server hosting a website has one, your router has one. The classic form (IPv4) looks like `192.168.1.10`: four numbers from 0 to 255 separated by dots.","analogy":"A postal address. The mail carrier does not know who you are, but with the street and number the letter arrives, and the sender's address on the back lets you reply.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ip-address/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ip-address/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Dirección IP","tagline":"El número que identifica a un dispositivo en una red, como una dirección postal.","aliases":["direcciones IP","IP"],"imageAlt":"Una notebook y un servidor, cada uno con su dirección numérica, intercambiando un sobre que lleva las dos direcciones","lead":"Una **dirección IP** es un número que identifica a un dispositivo dentro de una red, para que los datos sepan cómo llegarle. Tu celular tiene una en el Wi-Fi del bar, el servidor que aloja un sitio tiene otra, tu router tiene la suya. La forma clásica (IPv4) se ve así: `192.168.1.10`, cuatro números de 0 a 255 separados por puntos.","analogy":"Una dirección postal. El cartero no sabe quién sos, pero con calle y número la carta llega, y el remitente en el dorso permite contestar.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ip-address/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ip-address/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-ipv6","slug":"ipv6","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-ipv6.svg","en":{"title":"IPv6","tagline":"The newer internet addressing system, with practically unlimited addresses.","aliases":["IPv6 address","IPv6 addresses","Internet Protocol version 6","dual stack"],"imageAlt":"A short IPv4 address, 192.168.1.10, labeled 32 bits and about 4.3 billion addresses, above a much longer IPv6 address labeled 128 bits and practically endless","lead":"Every device on the internet needs an IP address so data can find it. The original system, **IPv4**, uses addresses of 32 bits, written like `192.168.1.10`, which allows roughly 4.3 billion of them. That seemed plenty in the early 1980s; with phones, laptops, servers and connected gadgets everywhere, the free supply ran out in the 2010s. **IPv6** is its replacement, standardized in the late 1990s.","analogy":"A city that ran out of phone numbers and switched to much longer ones. For years old and new numbers work side by side, but the new plan has so many that nobody will ever run out again.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ipv6/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ipv6/index.md"},"es":{"title":"IPv6","tagline":"El sistema de direcciones nuevo de internet, con direcciones prácticamente ilimitadas.","aliases":["dirección IPv6","direcciones IPv6","Internet Protocol version 6","doble pila","dual stack"],"imageAlt":"Una dirección IPv4 corta, 192.168.1.10, con la nota 32 bits y unas 4300 millones de direcciones, arriba de una dirección IPv6 mucho más larga con la nota 128 bits y prácticamente infinitas","lead":"Todo aparato conectado a internet necesita una dirección IP para que los datos lo encuentren. El sistema original, **IPv4**, usa direcciones de 32 bits, escritas como `192.168.1.10`, lo que permite unos 4300 millones. A principios de los ochenta parecía muchísimo; con celulares, notebooks, servidores y aparatos conectados por todos lados, la reserva libre se agotó en la década de 2010. **IPv6** es su reemplazo, estandarizado a fines de los noventa.","analogy":"Una ciudad que se quedó sin números de teléfono y pasó a números mucho más largos. Durante años conviven los viejos y los nuevos, pero el plan nuevo tiene tantos que nadie se va a quedar sin número nunca más.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ipv6/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ipv6/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-isp","slug":"isp","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-isp.svg","en":{"title":"ISP","tagline":"The company you pay to connect your home or phone to the internet.","aliases":["ISPs","internet service provider","internet service providers","internet provider","internet providers"],"imageAlt":"A house connects to a box labeled ISP, which hands out an IP address and DNS, and which in turn connects to the internet","lead":"An **ISP** (internet service provider) is the company that connects you to the internet: the cable or phone company that brings a line to your home, a fiber provider, a mobile carrier or a satellite service. You pay it a monthly fee, and in exchange it links your home network, through your modem, to its own network, and from there to the rest of the internet.","analogy":"The company that builds and maintains the road from your house to the highway. You pay a toll to use it, it decides how many lanes there are, and it can see every car leave your driveway, even if it cannot see inside them.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/isp/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/isp/index.md"},"es":{"title":"ISP","tagline":"La empresa a la que le pagás para conectar tu casa o tu celular a internet.","aliases":["ISPs","proveedor de internet","proveedores de internet","proveedor de servicios de internet","proveedores de servicios de internet"],"imageAlt":"Una casa se conecta a una caja con la sigla ISP, que reparte una dirección IP y DNS, y que a su vez se conecta con internet","lead":"Un **ISP** (internet service provider, proveedor de servicios de internet) es la empresa que te conecta a internet: la compañía de cable o de teléfono que lleva una línea hasta tu casa, un proveedor de fibra, una operadora de celulares o un servicio satelital. Le pagás un abono mensual y a cambio une la red de tu casa, a través de tu módem, con su propia red, y desde ahí con el resto de internet.","analogy":"La empresa que construye y mantiene el camino desde tu casa hasta la autopista. Le pagás peaje para usarlo, decide cuántos carriles hay y ve cada auto que sale de tu garaje, aunque no pueda ver qué lleva adentro.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/isp/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/isp/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-javascript","slug":"javascript","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-javascript.svg","en":{"title":"JavaScript","tagline":"The programming language that runs inside web pages and makes them interactive.","aliases":["JS","ECMAScript"],"imageAlt":"A web page made of three layers: HTML for structure, CSS for looks and JavaScript for behavior, with a button that reacts to a click","lead":"**JavaScript** is the programming language built into every web browser. HTML says what is on a page and CSS says how it looks; JavaScript says what it does. When a menu opens, a form warns you that the email is missing, or a map lets you drag it around without reloading, JavaScript is doing that work on your own device.","analogy":"If a web page were a theater play, HTML would be the script, CSS the costumes and set, and JavaScript the actors reacting to the audience.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/javascript/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/javascript/index.md"},"es":{"title":"JavaScript","tagline":"El lenguaje de programación que corre en las páginas web y las vuelve interactivas.","aliases":["JS","ECMAScript"],"imageAlt":"Una página web hecha de tres capas: HTML para la estructura, CSS para el aspecto y JavaScript para el comportamiento, con un botón que reacciona a un clic","lead":"**JavaScript** es el lenguaje de programación que viene incorporado en todos los navegadores web. El HTML dice qué hay en una página y el CSS cómo se ve; JavaScript dice qué hace. Cuando se abre un menú, un formulario te avisa que falta el email o un mapa te deja arrastrarlo sin recargar, es JavaScript trabajando en tu propio dispositivo.","analogy":"Si una página web fuera una obra de teatro, el HTML sería el guion, el CSS el vestuario y la escenografía, y JavaScript los actores que reaccionan al público.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/javascript/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/javascript/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-json","slug":"json","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-json.svg","en":{"title":"JSON","tagline":"The plain-text format programs use to hand each other structured data.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"A JSON document with keys and values, read by programs in two different languages","lead":"**JSON** (JavaScript Object Notation, said \"jason\") is a text format for writing structured data: names with values, lists, and nested groups of them. A user might be `{\"name\": \"Ana\", \"age\": 31, \"languages\": [\"es\", \"en\"]}`. Humans can read it, every programming language can parse it, and it takes one line of code to turn it into an object you can work with.","analogy":"A filled-in form with labeled boxes. Any clerk in any office can read \"Name: Ana, Age: 31\" because the labels travel with the values, and a box can contain another whole form.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/json/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/json/index.md"},"es":{"title":"JSON","tagline":"El formato de texto con el que los programas se pasan datos estructurados.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"Un documento JSON con claves y valores, leído por programas en dos lenguajes distintos","lead":"**JSON** (JavaScript Object Notation, se dice \"yeison\") es un formato de texto para escribir datos con estructura: nombres con valores, listas, y grupos anidados de eso. Un usuario puede ser `{\"nombre\": \"Ana\", \"edad\": 31, \"idiomas\": [\"es\", \"en\"]}`. Una persona lo puede leer, cualquier lenguaje de programación lo puede interpretar, y con una línea de código lo convertís en un objeto con el que trabajar.","analogy":"Un formulario con casilleros rotulados. Cualquier empleado de cualquier oficina puede leer \"Nombre: Ana, Edad: 31\" porque los rótulos viajan con los valores, y un casillero puede contener otro formulario entero.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/json/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/json/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-keylogger","slug":"keylogger","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-keylogger.svg","en":{"title":"Keylogger","tagline":"Software or a gadget that secretly records everything you type.","aliases":["keyloggers","keystroke logger","keystroke logging"],"imageAlt":"A keyboard types a password; a hidden keylogger copies each keystroke and sends it to an attacker, while a 2FA code still blocks the attacker's login","lead":"A **keylogger** records every key you press and sends the log to someone else. Passwords, card numbers, private messages, searches: if you type it, it ends up in the list. Most keyloggers are a kind of malware (often grouped under spyware) that sneaks onto a computer or phone through a phishing attachment, a pirated program or a fake app. A few are physical: a small plug between the keyboard and the computer, or a skimmer stuck on an ATM keypad.","analogy":"Someone standing behind you writing down every word as you type, except they are invisible and never get tired.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/keylogger/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/keylogger/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Keylogger","tagline":"Un programa o aparatito que graba en secreto todo lo que tipeás.","aliases":["keyloggers","registrador de teclas","registradores de teclas"],"imageAlt":"Un teclado escribe una contraseña; un keylogger escondido copia cada tecla y se la manda a un atacante, mientras un código 2FA igual bloquea el login del atacante","lead":"Un **keylogger** (registrador de teclas) graba cada tecla que apretás y le manda el registro a otra persona. Contraseñas, números de tarjeta, mensajes privados, búsquedas: si lo tipeás, termina en la lista. La mayoría son un tipo de malware (muchas veces se los cuenta como spyware) que se mete en una computadora o un celular a través de un adjunto de phishing, un programa pirateado o una app falsa. Algunos son físicos: un pequeño conector entre el teclado y la computadora, o un skimmer pegado sobre el teclado de un cajero automático.","analogy":"Alguien parado atrás tuyo anotando cada palabra que tipeás, solo que es invisible y nunca se cansa.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/keylogger/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/keylogger/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-kubernetes","slug":"kubernetes","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-kubernetes.svg","en":{"title":"Kubernetes","tagline":"The system that runs and babysits containers across many machines.","aliases":["K8s","k8s"],"imageAlt":"A control plane watching three nodes with pods; one pod has died and a replacement starts on another node","lead":"**Kubernetes** (often shortened to **K8s**) is open source software that runs containers across a group of machines, called a **cluster**. You tell it what you want: \"run three copies of this image, give each one 1 GB of memory, expose them on port 80\". Kubernetes finds room on the machines, starts the containers, and if one dies or a whole machine fails, it starts a replacement somewhere else without anyone being paged.","analogy":"A conductor and an orchestra. The score says what each section should play; the conductor keeps everyone in time, brings in a substitute when a musician gets sick, and the audience only hears the music.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/kubernetes/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/kubernetes/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Kubernetes","tagline":"El sistema que corre y cuida contenedores en muchas máquinas a la vez.","aliases":["K8s","k8s"],"imageAlt":"Un control plane vigilando tres nodos con pods; un pod se cayó y arranca un reemplazo en otro nodo","lead":"**Kubernetes** (abreviado **K8s**) es software de código abierto que corre contenedores sobre un grupo de máquinas, llamado **cluster**. Vos le decís qué querés: \"corré tres copias de esta imagen, dale 1 GB de memoria a cada una, exponelas en el puerto 80\". Kubernetes busca lugar en las máquinas, arranca los contenedores, y si uno se muere o se cae una máquina entera, levanta un reemplazo en otro lado sin que nadie tenga que despertarse.","analogy":"Un director y una orquesta. La partitura dice qué toca cada sección; el director mantiene a todos en tiempo, trae un suplente cuando un músico se enferma, y el público solo escucha la música.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/kubernetes/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/kubernetes/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-linux","slug":"linux","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-linux.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Linux","tagline":"A free, open source operating system that runs most of the internet's servers.","aliases":["GNU/Linux","Linux kernel","Linux distribution","Linux distributions"],"imageAlt":"One Linux kernel at the center, shared by servers, Android phones, laptops and small devices like routers","lead":"**Linux** is a free and open source operating system. Strictly, the name refers to its kernel, the core that talks to the hardware, which Linus Torvalds started as a hobby project in 1991 and which thousands of people and companies now maintain together. In everyday use, \"Linux\" means the whole system: the kernel plus the tools, desktop and apps packaged around it.","analogy":"A public engine design that anyone can build and improve. Different carmakers (the distributions) put it in their own bodywork, with their own seats and dashboard, but under the hood it is the same engine.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/linux/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/linux/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Linux","tagline":"Un sistema operativo libre y de código abierto que mueve la mayoría de los servidores.","aliases":["GNU/Linux","kernel de Linux","distribución de Linux","distribuciones de Linux"],"imageAlt":"Un único kernel Linux en el centro, compartido por servidores, celulares Android, notebooks y aparatos chicos como routers","lead":"**Linux** es un sistema operativo libre y de código abierto. En sentido estricto, el nombre se refiere a su kernel, el núcleo que habla con el hardware, que Linus Torvalds empezó como un proyecto personal en 1991 y que hoy mantienen juntos miles de personas y empresas. En el uso diario, \"Linux\" es el sistema completo: el kernel más las herramientas, el escritorio y las apps que se empaquetan alrededor.","analogy":"Un diseño de motor público que cualquiera puede fabricar y mejorar. Cada automotriz (las distribuciones) lo pone en su propia carrocería, con sus asientos y su tablero, pero abajo del capó es el mismo motor.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/linux/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/linux/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-llm","slug":"llm","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-llm.svg","en":{"title":"LLM","tagline":"A neural network trained on huge amounts of text to predict the next word.","aliases":["LLMs","large language model","language model"],"imageAlt":"An unfinished sentence entering a box labeled LLM, with three candidate next words and their probabilities coming out","lead":"An **LLM** (Large Language Model) is a neural network trained on an enormous amount of text: books, websites, code, conversations. Its only job during training is to guess the next token in a sequence. Do that well enough across trillions of words and the model ends up absorbing grammar, facts, writing styles and a surprising amount of reasoning.","analogy":"The autocomplete on your phone, but trained on most of the written internet and so good at guessing the next word that it can hold a conversation.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/llm/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/llm/index.md"},"es":{"title":"LLM","tagline":"Una red neuronal entrenada con muchísimo texto para predecir la próxima palabra.","aliases":["LLMs","modelo de lenguaje","modelos de lenguaje"],"imageAlt":"Una oración sin terminar entra a una caja que dice LLM y salen tres palabras candidatas con sus probabilidades","lead":"Un **LLM** (Large Language Model, modelo de lenguaje grande) es una red neuronal entrenada con una cantidad enorme de texto: libros, sitios web, código, conversaciones. Su único trabajo durante el entrenamiento es adivinar el próximo token de una secuencia. Hacelo lo suficientemente bien sobre billones de palabras y el modelo termina absorbiendo gramática, hechos, estilos de escritura y una cantidad sorprendente de razonamiento.","analogy":"El autocompletado del celular, pero entrenado con casi todo lo escrito en internet y tan bueno adivinando la próxima palabra que puede sostener una conversación.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/llm/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/llm/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-load-balancer","slug":"load-balancer","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["networks","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-load-balancer.svg","en":{"title":"Load balancer","tagline":"The traffic cop that spreads incoming requests across many servers.","aliases":["load balancers","load balancing"],"imageAlt":"Several users sending requests to one load balancer, which spreads them over three servers and skips the one marked as unhealthy","lead":"A **load balancer** sits in front of a group of servers and distributes incoming requests among them. Users all connect to one address (the balancer's); behind it, the same website or API runs on two, ten or a thousand identical machines, and each request is sent to one of them. The user never knows which.","analogy":"The person at the bank entrance who sends each customer to the next free window. Ten windows, one queue; if a teller goes on break, nobody is sent there.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/load-balancer/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/load-balancer/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Balanceador de carga","tagline":"El agente de tránsito que reparte los pedidos que llegan entre muchos servidores.","aliases":["balanceadores de carga","balanceo de carga"],"imageAlt":"Varios usuarios mandando pedidos a un balanceador de carga, que los reparte entre tres servidores y saltea el marcado como caído","lead":"Un **balanceador de carga** se para adelante de un grupo de servidores y reparte entre ellos los pedidos que llegan. Todos los usuarios se conectan a una sola dirección (la del balanceador); detrás, el mismo sitio o la misma API corre en dos, diez o mil máquinas idénticas, y cada pedido va a parar a una de ellas. El usuario nunca sabe a cuál.","analogy":"La persona en la entrada del banco que manda a cada cliente a la próxima caja libre. Diez cajas, una sola fila; si un cajero sale a descansar, no le mandan a nadie.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/load-balancer/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/load-balancer/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-low-code-and-no-code","slug":"low-code-and-no-code","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-low-code-and-no-code.svg","en":{"title":"Low-code and no-code","tagline":"Building apps and automations by dragging blocks instead of writing code.","aliases":["low-code","no-code","low code","no code","low-code platform","low-code platforms","no-code tools"],"imageAlt":"A scale from no-code, with drag-and-drop blocks, through low-code, with blocks plus a little code, to full code written by hand","lead":"**No-code** tools let people build software without programming: you drag fields onto a form, connect boxes in a flow, or set rules in menus, and the tool turns that into a working app. **Low-code** tools work the same way but let you drop into real code when the blocks run out, so they are aimed at developers who want to go faster, and at technical people who are not full-time developers.","analogy":"Like building with LEGO versus carving wood. LEGO is fast and anyone can do it, but you are limited to the bricks in the box. Low-code is LEGO that also lets you carve a custom piece when you need one.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/low-code-and-no-code/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/low-code-and-no-code/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Low-code y no-code","tagline":"Armar apps y automatizaciones arrastrando bloques en lugar de escribir código.","aliases":["low-code","no-code","low code","no code","plataforma low-code","plataformas low-code","herramientas no-code"],"imageAlt":"Una escala que va de no-code, con bloques para arrastrar, pasando por low-code, con bloques y algo de código, hasta código escrito a mano","lead":"Las herramientas **no-code** permiten construir software sin programar: arrastrás campos a un formulario, conectás cajitas en un flujo o definís reglas en menús, y la herramienta lo convierte en una app que funciona. Las **low-code** trabajan igual pero te dejan meter código de verdad cuando los bloques no alcanzan, así que apuntan a developers que quieren ir más rápido y a gente técnica que no programa a tiempo completo.","analogy":"Como construir con LEGO o tallar madera. Con LEGO vas rápido y cualquiera puede, pero estás limitado a las piezas de la caja. Low-code es un LEGO que además te deja tallar una pieza a medida cuando la necesitás.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/low-code-and-no-code/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/low-code-and-no-code/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-mac-address","slug":"mac-address","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-mac-address.svg","en":{"title":"MAC address","tagline":"The built-in name of a network card, used to deliver data inside a local network.","aliases":["MAC addresses","hardware address"],"imageAlt":"A laptop talks to a router over Wi-Fi; below it, a yellow tag reads 3c:22:fb:9a:10:4e, with the first half marked maker and the second half this card","lead":"A **MAC address** is an identifier that comes with every network interface: the Wi-Fi chip in your phone, the Ethernet port in your laptop, the radio in a smart bulb. It is 48 bits long and usually written as six pairs of hexadecimal digits, like `3c:22:fb:9a:10:4e`. The first half says which manufacturer made the hardware, from blocks handed out by the IEEE; the second half is that maker's serial for the card. It has nothing to do with Apple's Mac computers: MAC stands for Media Access Control.","analogy":"The IP address is the street address on an envelope; the MAC address is the name of the person inside the building. The mail carrier uses the street, and the doorman uses the name.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/mac-address/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/mac-address/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Dirección MAC","tagline":"El nombre de fábrica de una placa de red, que sirve para entregar datos en una red local.","aliases":["direcciones MAC","MAC address"],"imageAlt":"Una laptop habla con un router por Wi-Fi; abajo, una etiqueta amarilla dice 3c:22:fb:9a:10:4e, con la primera mitad marcada como fabricante y la segunda como esta placa","lead":"Una **dirección MAC** es un identificador que trae cada interfaz de red: el chip Wi-Fi de tu celular, el puerto Ethernet de tu laptop, la radio de una lamparita inteligente. Mide 48 bits y se suele escribir como seis pares de dígitos hexadecimales, por ejemplo `3c:22:fb:9a:10:4e`. La primera mitad dice qué fabricante hizo el hardware, a partir de bloques que reparte el IEEE; la segunda es el número de serie que ese fabricante le puso a la placa. No tiene nada que ver con las Mac de Apple: MAC significa Media Access Control.","analogy":"La dirección IP es la calle y el número escritos en el sobre; la dirección MAC es el nombre de la persona dentro del edificio. El cartero se guía por la calle y el portero por el nombre.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/mac-address/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/mac-address/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-machine-learning","slug":"machine-learning","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-machine-learning.svg","en":{"title":"Machine learning","tagline":"Teaching computers by showing them examples instead of writing every rule.","aliases":["ML"],"imageAlt":"Labeled example emails, marked spam or ok, feed a model box; a new email goes into the model and comes out tagged likely spam","lead":"**Machine learning** (ML) is the part of AI where a program learns from examples instead of following rules a person wrote. You give it lots of data where the answer is known, it adjusts itself until it gets those answers mostly right, and then it applies what it learned to new cases it has never seen. The term goes back to 1959, when Arthur Samuel used it for a program that learned to play checkers.","analogy":"Like learning to tell ripe avocados by squeezing hundreds of them with someone who knows, instead of reading a rulebook. After a while you just know, even if you cannot fully explain how.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/machine-learning/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/machine-learning/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Machine learning","tagline":"Enseñarle a una computadora con ejemplos en lugar de escribirle cada regla.","aliases":["aprendizaje automático","ML"],"imageAlt":"Correos de ejemplo etiquetados como spam u ok entran en una caja de modelo; un correo nuevo pasa por el modelo y sale marcado como probable spam","lead":"El **machine learning** (aprendizaje automático, ML) es la parte de la IA en la que un programa aprende de ejemplos en lugar de seguir reglas que escribió una persona. Le das muchos datos donde la respuesta ya se conoce, se va ajustando hasta acertar la mayoría, y después aplica lo aprendido a casos nuevos que nunca vio. El término viene de 1959, cuando Arthur Samuel lo usó para un programa que aprendía a jugar a las damas.","analogy":"Es como aprender a elegir paltas maduras apretando cientos al lado de alguien que sabe, en vez de leer un manual. Al tiempo te das cuenta solo, aunque no puedas explicar del todo cómo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/machine-learning/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/machine-learning/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-malware-and-ransomware","slug":"malware-and-ransomware","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-malware-and-ransomware.svg","en":{"title":"Malware and ransomware","tagline":"Software built to harm you; ransomware locks your files and charges to unlock them.","aliases":["malware","ransomware","virus","viruses","trojan","spyware"],"imageAlt":"A row of files, each replaced by a locked version, and a note demanding payment for the key","lead":"**Malware** is the umbrella word for software written to do damage: **viruses** that copy themselves, **trojans** that hide inside a program you wanted (a cracked game, a fake PDF reader), **spyware** that records what you type, and bots that quietly turn your computer into a soldier for someone else's attack. It arrives through phishing attachments, downloads from shady sites, infected USB sticks, or by exploiting a Vulnerability in software you never updated.","analogy":"A burglar who does not steal your photo albums. Instead, they change the lock on the cabinet that holds them and offer to sell you the new key.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/malware-and-ransomware/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/malware-and-ransomware/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Malware y ransomware","tagline":"Software hecho para dañarte; el ransomware te bloquea los archivos y cobra por liberarlos.","aliases":["malware","ransomware","virus","troyano","spyware","software malicioso"],"imageAlt":"Una fila de archivos, cada uno reemplazado por una versión con candado, y una nota que exige un pago por la llave","lead":"**Malware** es la palabra paraguas para el software escrito para hacer daño: **virus** que se copian solos, **troyanos** que se esconden dentro de un programa que vos querías (un juego crackeado, un lector de PDF trucho), **spyware** que registra lo que tecleás, y bots que convierten tu computadora en soldado del ataque de otro sin que lo notes. Llega por adjuntos de Phishing, descargas de sitios dudosos, pendrives infectados, o explotando una Vulnerabilidad en software que nunca actualizaste.","analogy":"Un ladrón que no te roba los álbumes de fotos. En vez de eso, cambia la cerradura del mueble donde están y te ofrece venderte la llave nueva.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/malware-and-ransomware/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/malware-and-ransomware/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-mercado-libre","slug":"mercado-libre","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-mercado-libre.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Mercado Libre","tagline":"Latin America's largest online marketplace, with its own payments and delivery network.","aliases":["MercadoLibre","Mercado Pago","MercadoPago"],"imageAlt":"Three connected businesses: a marketplace where sellers meet buyers, Mercado Pago handling the payment, and its own logistics network delivering the package","lead":"**Mercado Libre** was founded in 1999 in Buenos Aires by Marcos Galperin and a few partners, inspired by the online auction sites of the time. It grew into the biggest e-commerce company in Latin America, operating in many countries of the region, with Brazil, Mexico and Argentina as its largest markets. Like Amazon's marketplace, most products are listed by independent **sellers**, from people clearing out their garage to large brands, who pay a commission on each sale.","analogy":"A huge regional fair that, to make sure deals actually happen, also opened its own bank at the entrance and its own delivery service at the exit.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/mercado-libre/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/mercado-libre/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Mercado Libre","tagline":"El mayor marketplace online de América Latina, con sus propios pagos y envíos.","aliases":["MercadoLibre","Mercado Pago","MercadoPago"],"imageAlt":"Tres negocios conectados: un marketplace donde vendedores y compradores se encuentran, Mercado Pago que maneja el pago y su propia red de logística que entrega el paquete","lead":"**Mercado Libre** la fundaron en 1999 en Buenos Aires Marcos Galperin y algunos socios, inspirados en los sitios de subastas online de esa época. Creció hasta ser la empresa de comercio electrónico más grande de América Latina, presente en muchos países de la región, con Brasil, México y Argentina como sus mercados más grandes. Como en el marketplace de Amazon, la mayoría de los productos los publican **vendedores** independientes, desde alguien que vacía el garaje hasta marcas grandes, que pagan una comisión por cada venta.","analogy":"Una feria regional enorme que, para asegurarse de que las ventas se concreten, abrió además su propio banco en la entrada y su propio servicio de reparto en la salida.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/mercado-libre/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/mercado-libre/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-mesh-wifi","slug":"mesh-wifi","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-mesh-wifi.svg","en":{"title":"Mesh Wi-Fi","tagline":"Several Wi-Fi units spread around a home that work together as one network.","aliases":["mesh network","mesh networks","mesh networking","mesh Wi-Fi system","mesh Wi-Fi systems","Wi-Fi mesh","mesh WiFi","EasyMesh"],"imageAlt":"A house with three Wi-Fi nodes, one connected to the modem, linked to each other by dashed lines, with a phone picking up the nearest node","lead":"A **mesh Wi-Fi** system covers a home with several small units, called **nodes**, instead of a single router. One node connects to your modem; the others go around the house, and they talk to each other to pass traffic along. To your phone and laptop it all looks like one Wi-Fi network with one name and one password, and devices switch to the nearest node as you walk from room to room.","analogy":"A relay team instead of one runner. Rather than one person trying to carry the message to every room, several stand at different points and pass it along, so it arrives everywhere without anyone running out of breath.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/mesh-wifi/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/mesh-wifi/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Wi-Fi mesh","tagline":"Varios equipos de Wi-Fi repartidos por la casa que funcionan juntos como una sola red.","aliases":["red mesh","redes mesh","red mallada","redes malladas","sistema mesh","sistemas mesh","mesh Wi-Fi","wifi mesh"],"imageAlt":"Una casa con tres nodos de wifi, uno conectado al módem, unidos entre sí con líneas punteadas, y un celular que se engancha al nodo más cercano","lead":"Un sistema de **Wi-Fi mesh** (red mallada) cubre una casa con varios equipos chicos, llamados **nodos**, en lugar de un único router. Un nodo se conecta al módem; los demás se reparten por la casa y hablan entre sí para ir pasándose el tráfico. Para tu celular y tu notebook todo se ve como una sola red Wi-Fi, con un nombre y una contraseña, y los aparatos se pasan al nodo más cercano a medida que vas de un cuarto a otro.","analogy":"Una carrera de postas en lugar de un solo corredor. En vez de que una persona intente llevar el mensaje a todos los cuartos, varias se paran en distintos puntos y se lo van pasando, así llega a todos lados sin que nadie se quede sin aire.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/mesh-wifi/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/mesh-wifi/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-meta","slug":"meta","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-meta.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Meta","tagline":"The company behind Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp, paid for by advertising.","aliases":["Meta Platforms","Facebook"],"imageAlt":"Three apps used by billions of people feed an ads box that advertisers pay into; on the side, small boxes for open AI models and headsets and glasses","lead":"**Meta** is the company that started as **Facebook**, created by Mark Zuckerberg in 2004 while he was a student at Harvard. It bought Instagram in 2012 and WhatsApp in 2014, and in 2021 renamed itself Meta Platforms to signal a bet beyond social networks. It is based in Menlo Park, California, and its apps are used by billions of people.","analogy":"A huge town square that charges no entry. People come to meet their friends, and the square makes its money renting the walls and the noticeboards to shops that want those people to see their posters.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/meta/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/meta/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Meta","tagline":"La empresa detrás de Facebook, Instagram y WhatsApp, financiada con publicidad.","aliases":["Meta Platforms","Facebook"],"imageAlt":"Tres apps que usan miles de millones de personas alimentan una caja de avisos a la que pagan los anunciantes; al costado, cajitas para modelos de IA abiertos y visores y anteojos","lead":"**Meta** es la empresa que arrancó como **Facebook**, creada por Mark Zuckerberg en 2004 cuando era estudiante en Harvard. Compró Instagram en 2012 y WhatsApp en 2014, y en 2021 se cambió el nombre a Meta Platforms para marcar una apuesta más allá de las redes sociales. Tiene su sede en Menlo Park, California, y sus apps las usan miles de millones de personas.","analogy":"Una plaza enorme que no cobra entrada. La gente va a encontrarse con sus amigos, y la plaza gana plata alquilando las paredes y las carteleras a los negocios que quieren que esa gente vea sus afiches.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/meta/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/meta/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-metadata","slug":"metadata","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-metadata.svg","en":{"title":"Metadata","tagline":"Data that describes other data: who made it, when, where and what it contains.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"A photo card with a tag tied to it that lists date, place, camera and size","lead":"**Metadata** is information about a piece of data rather than the data itself. A photo on your phone is the image, but it also carries the date it was taken, the place, the camera model and the file size. An email has a body, and also a sender, a recipient, a subject line and a timestamp. All of that is metadata.","analogy":"The label on a jar of homemade jam: it is not the jam, but it tells you the flavor, who made it and when, so you know what you are holding without opening it.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/metadata/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/metadata/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Metadatos","tagline":"Datos que describen otros datos: quién los hizo, cuándo, dónde y qué contienen.","aliases":["metadata","metadato"],"imageAlt":"Una foto con una etiqueta atada que lista fecha, lugar, cámara y tamaño","lead":"Los **metadatos** son información sobre un dato, no el dato en sí. Una foto en tu celular es la imagen, pero también guarda la fecha en que la sacaste, el lugar, el modelo de cámara y el tamaño del archivo. Un mail tiene un cuerpo, y además un remitente, un destinatario, un asunto y una hora de envío. Todo eso son metadatos.","analogy":"La etiqueta de un frasco de mermelada casera: no es la mermelada, pero te dice el sabor, quién la hizo y cuándo, así sabés qué tenés en la mano sin abrirlo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/metadata/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/metadata/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-metaverse","slug":"metaverse","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-metaverse.svg","en":{"title":"Metaverse","tagline":"The idea of shared 3D virtual worlds where people meet, play and work as avatars.","aliases":["metaverses"],"imageAlt":"People wearing a headset, holding a phone and sitting at a computer all enter the same shared 3D world, where their avatars meet","lead":"The word **metaverse** comes from Snow Crash, a 1992 science fiction novel by Neal Stephenson, where people put on goggles and enter a virtual city as **avatars**. Today it names a broad idea: online 3D spaces that are always on, where many people are present at the same time, can talk, play, buy things and build, and maybe carry their identity and belongings from one world to another.","analogy":"Like the word \"cyberspace\" in the 1990s: a vivid name for a future that was still being built, used to describe many different things that only partly match the dream.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/metaverse/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/metaverse/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Metaverso","tagline":"La idea de mundos virtuales 3D compartidos donde la gente se junta como avatar.","aliases":["metaversos"],"imageAlt":"Personas con un visor, con un celular y frente a una compu entran todas al mismo mundo 3D compartido, donde se encuentran sus avatares","lead":"La palabra **metaverso** viene de Snow Crash, una novela de ciencia ficción de 1992 de Neal Stephenson, en la que la gente se pone unos anteojos y entra a una ciudad virtual como **avatar**. Hoy nombra una idea amplia: espacios 3D online siempre encendidos, donde muchas personas están presentes al mismo tiempo, pueden hablar, jugar, comprar cosas y construir, y quizás llevar su identidad y sus pertenencias de un mundo a otro.","analogy":"Como la palabra \"ciberespacio\" en los noventa: un nombre muy gráfico para un futuro que todavía se estaba construyendo, usado para describir muchas cosas distintas que se parecen solo en parte al sueño.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/metaverse/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/metaverse/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-microservices","slug":"microservices","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["software","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-microservices.svg","en":{"title":"Microservices","tagline":"Building one application as many small services that each do one job.","aliases":["microservice","microservice architecture","microservices architecture","monolith","monoliths"],"imageAlt":"On the left, one big block holds users, orders and payments; on the right, the same three are separate small services, each with its own database, talking through APIs","lead":"**Microservices** is a way of structuring software in which an application is split into many small, independent services. An online shop might have one service for users, one for the catalog, one for orders and one for payments. Each runs on its own, usually in its own container, often owns its own database, and talks to the others only through APIs or messages in a queue.","analogy":"A monolith is a single restaurant kitchen where every cook shares one stove. Microservices is a food court: each stall has its own kitchen, menu and staff, and can renovate without closing the others, but now someone has to coordinate orders that need food from three stalls.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/microservices/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/microservices/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Microservicios","tagline":"Construir una aplicación como muchos servicios chicos que hacen una sola cosa cada uno.","aliases":["microservicio","arquitectura de microservicios","microservices","monolito","monolitos"],"imageAlt":"A la izquierda, un solo bloque grande contiene usuarios, pedidos y pagos; a la derecha, los mismos tres son servicios chicos separados, cada uno con su base de datos, que se hablan por APIs","lead":"Los **microservicios** son una forma de organizar el software en la que una aplicación se divide en muchos servicios chicos e independientes. Una tienda online puede tener un servicio para usuarios, otro para el catálogo, otro para pedidos y otro para pagos. Cada uno corre por su cuenta, normalmente en su propio contenedor, muchas veces tiene su propia base de datos, y se comunica con los demás solo a través de APIs o de mensajes en una cola.","analogy":"Un monolito es la cocina de un único restaurante donde todos los cocineros comparten la misma hornalla. Los microservicios son un patio de comidas: cada local tiene su cocina, su menú y su gente, y puede remodelar sin cerrar a los demás, pero ahora alguien tiene que coordinar los pedidos que necesitan comida de tres locales.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/microservices/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/microservices/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-microsoft","slug":"microsoft","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-microsoft.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Microsoft","tagline":"The company of Windows and Office, now just as much a cloud company with Azure.","aliases":["Microsoft Azure","Azure","Microsoft 365"],"imageAlt":"Companies and people pay monthly subscriptions into three blocks: Windows and Office, the Azure cloud, and GitHub, LinkedIn and Xbox","lead":"**Microsoft** was founded in 1975 by Bill Gates and Paul Allen, and grew by selling software for personal computers: first MS-DOS, then **Windows**, which became the operating system of most office and home PCs, and **Office** (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook). It is based in Redmond, near Seattle.","analogy":"The company that supplies an office building with its desks, filing cabinets and phones, and rents them by the month instead of selling them. Lately it also rents out the building's back rooms full of computers to anyone who needs them.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/microsoft/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/microsoft/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Microsoft","tagline":"La empresa de Windows y Office, que hoy es igual de importante como nube con Azure.","aliases":["Microsoft Azure","Azure","Microsoft 365"],"imageAlt":"Empresas y personas pagan suscripciones mensuales a tres bloques: Windows y Office, la nube Azure, y GitHub, LinkedIn y Xbox","lead":"**Microsoft** la fundaron en 1975 Bill Gates y Paul Allen, y creció vendiendo software para computadoras personales: primero MS-DOS, después **Windows**, que se volvió el sistema operativo de la mayoría de las PCs de oficina y de las casas, y **Office** (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook). Tiene su sede en Redmond, cerca de Seattle.","analogy":"La empresa que le provee a un edificio de oficinas los escritorios, los archiveros y los teléfonos, y se los alquila por mes en vez de vendérselos. Últimamente también alquila los cuartos del fondo llenos de computadoras a quien los necesite.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/microsoft/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/microsoft/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-mistral-ai","slug":"mistral-ai","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-mistral-ai.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Mistral AI","tagline":"A French company that builds AI language models, many of them with open weights.","aliases":["Mistral","Le Chat"],"imageAlt":"Mistral AI's models go two ways: open weights that anyone can download and run on their own servers, and a paid API and chat assistant","lead":"**Mistral AI** was founded in Paris in 2023 by Arthur Mensch, who came from Google DeepMind, and Guillaume Lample and Timothée Lacroix, who came from Meta's AI research lab. It builds large language models, the kind of AI behind chat assistants, and quickly became one of the best-known AI companies in Europe.","analogy":"A bakery that sells bread at the counter but also publishes some of its recipes. You can buy a loaf ready to eat, or take a recipe home and bake it in your own oven.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/mistral-ai/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/mistral-ai/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Mistral AI","tagline":"Una empresa francesa que crea modelos de lenguaje de IA, muchos con pesos abiertos.","aliases":["Mistral","Le Chat"],"imageAlt":"Los modelos de Mistral AI salen por dos caminos: pesos abiertos que cualquiera puede bajar y correr en sus servidores, y una API paga con un asistente de chat","lead":"**Mistral AI** se fundó en París en 2023, de la mano de Arthur Mensch, que venía de Google DeepMind, y de Guillaume Lample y Timothée Lacroix, que venían del laboratorio de investigación en IA de Meta. Crea modelos de lenguaje grandes, el tipo de IA que está detrás de los asistentes de chat, y rápidamente se volvió una de las empresas de IA más conocidas de Europa.","analogy":"Una panadería que vende pan en el mostrador pero también publica algunas de sus recetas. Podés comprar el pan listo, o llevarte la receta y hornearlo en tu propio horno.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/mistral-ai/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/mistral-ai/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-model-context-protocol","slug":"model-context-protocol","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["ai","software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-model-context-protocol.svg","en":{"title":"Model Context Protocol","tagline":"An open standard for plugging tools and data into AI assistants the same way every time.","aliases":["MCP","MCP server","MCP servers"],"imageAlt":"An AI app connects through one MCP connector to three separate servers: files, calendar and database","lead":"The **Model Context Protocol** (MCP) is an open standard that defines how an AI application talks to outside tools and data. Anthropic published it in November 2024, and it was soon adopted across the industry, including by OpenAI, Google and Microsoft. Before MCP, every AI app needed its own custom integration for every service it wanted to use; with MCP, a tool built once works with any app that speaks the protocol.","analogy":"Like the standard electrical outlet: appliance makers do not need a deal with each house, they just use the standard plug. MCP is that outlet for AI apps, and each MCP server is an appliance you can plug in.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/model-context-protocol/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/model-context-protocol/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Model Context Protocol","tagline":"Un estándar abierto para conectar herramientas y datos a asistentes de IA siempre igual.","aliases":["MCP","servidor MCP","servidores MCP"],"imageAlt":"Una app de IA se conecta a través de un mismo conector MCP con tres servidores distintos: archivos, calendario y base de datos","lead":"El **Model Context Protocol** (MCP, protocolo de contexto de modelos) es un estándar abierto que define cómo una aplicación de IA se comunica con herramientas y datos externos. Lo publicó Anthropic en noviembre de 2024 y enseguida lo adoptó buena parte de la industria, incluidas OpenAI, Google y Microsoft. Antes de MCP, cada app de IA necesitaba una integración a medida para cada servicio que quería usar; con MCP, una herramienta que se construye una vez funciona con cualquier app que hable el protocolo.","analogy":"Es como el enchufe estándar: los fabricantes de electrodomésticos no necesitan un acuerdo con cada casa, usan la ficha estándar y listo. MCP es ese tomacorriente para las apps de IA, y cada servidor MCP es un electrodoméstico que podés enchufar.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/model-context-protocol/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/model-context-protocol/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-model-parameters","slug":"model-parameters","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-model-parameters.svg","en":{"title":"Model parameters","tagline":"The billions of numbers a model learns in training; '70B' means 70 billion of them.","aliases":["model weights","parameter count","weights"],"imageAlt":"A box labeled 70B, meaning 70 billion learned numbers, above a grid of sample decimal numbers, with two memory sizes: roughly 140 GB at 16 bits and roughly 35 GB at 4 bits","lead":"A neural network is, underneath, a huge collection of numbers. During training each of those numbers is adjusted again and again until the model gets good at its task. Those learned numbers are the **parameters**, also called **weights**. They are the model: when people 'download a model', they are downloading a file full of them.","analogy":"Parameters are like the knobs on a gigantic mixing desk. Training turns each knob a tiny bit until the sound is right. A '70B' desk has 70 billion knobs, which is why it needs a very big room.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/model-parameters/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/model-parameters/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Parámetros de un modelo","tagline":"Los miles de millones de números que aprende un modelo; '70B' son 70 mil millones.","aliases":["parámetros del modelo","pesos del modelo"],"imageAlt":"Una caja que dice 70B, es decir 70 mil millones de números aprendidos, sobre una grilla de números decimales de ejemplo, con dos tamaños de memoria: unos 140 GB a 16 bits y unos 35 GB a 4 bits","lead":"Una red neuronal es, en el fondo, una colección enorme de números. Durante el entrenamiento cada uno de esos números se ajusta una y otra vez hasta que el modelo hace bien su tarea. Esos números aprendidos son los **parámetros**, también llamados **pesos** (weights). Son el modelo: cuando alguien 'descarga un modelo', está descargando un archivo lleno de ellos.","analogy":"Los parámetros son como las perillas de una consola de sonido gigantesca. El entrenamiento gira cada perilla un poquito hasta que suena bien. Una consola '70B' tiene 70 mil millones de perillas, por eso necesita una sala muy grande.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/model-parameters/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/model-parameters/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-modem","slug":"modem","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-modem.svg","en":{"title":"Modem","tagline":"The box that connects your home to your internet provider's network.","aliases":["modems","cable modem","cable modems","DSL modem","ONT","optical network terminal"],"imageAlt":"The provider's line enters a home and reaches the modem, which connects to a router with Wi-Fi, which in turn connects a laptop, a phone and a TV","lead":"A **modem** is the device that connects your home to the network of your internet provider. The name comes from \"modulator-demodulator\": it turns digital data into a signal that can travel over the line coming into your home, and turns the incoming signal back into data. Which kind you have depends on that line: a DSL modem for a telephone line, a cable modem for TV cable, a box called an ONT for fiber optic, or a cellular modem for 4G or 5G.","analogy":"The modem is the front door that connects the house to the street; the router is the hallway that leads each visitor to the right room. Sometimes both are built into the same entrance, but they are still different parts of the house.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/modem/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/modem/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Módem","tagline":"El aparato que conecta tu casa con la red de tu proveedor de internet.","aliases":["módems","modem","cablemódem","módem de cable","ONT"],"imageAlt":"La línea del proveedor entra a una casa y llega al módem, que se conecta a un router con wifi, que a su vez conecta una notebook, un celular y una tele","lead":"Un **módem** es el aparato que conecta tu casa con la red de tu proveedor de internet. El nombre viene de \"modulador-demodulador\": convierte los datos digitales en una señal que puede viajar por la línea que entra a tu casa, y convierte la señal que llega de nuevo en datos. Qué tipo tenés depende de esa línea: un módem DSL para la línea de teléfono, un cablemódem para el cable de la tele, una cajita llamada ONT para la fibra óptica o un módem celular para 4G o 5G.","analogy":"El módem es la puerta de entrada que une la casa con la calle; el router es el pasillo que lleva a cada visita al cuarto correcto. A veces los dos están en la misma entrada, pero siguen siendo partes distintas de la casa.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/modem/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/modem/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-moores-law","slug":"moores-law","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-moores-law.svg","en":{"title":"Moore's law","tagline":"The observation that chips fit about twice as many transistors every two years.","aliases":["Moore’s law","Moores law"],"imageAlt":"A chart where each step to the right is two years and each bar doubles the number of transistors on a chip, rising steeply","lead":"In 1965, Gordon Moore, who later co-founded Intel, noticed that the number of transistors that could be put on a chip was doubling at a steady pace. In 1975 he revised the pace to roughly every two years. That prediction, known as **Moore's law**, held up remarkably well for about half a century.","analogy":"Folding a sheet of paper in half again and again. Each fold only doubles it, which feels modest, but after a few dozen folds the stack would reach far past the clouds.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/moores-law/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/moores-law/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Ley de Moore","tagline":"La observación de que los chips meten el doble de transistores cada dos años.","aliases":["Moore's law","Moore’s law"],"imageAlt":"Un gráfico donde cada paso a la derecha son dos años y cada barra duplica la cantidad de transistores en un chip, subiendo empinado","lead":"En 1965, Gordon Moore, que después fue cofundador de Intel, notó que la cantidad de transistores que se podían poner en un chip se duplicaba a un ritmo constante. En 1975 ajustó ese ritmo a más o menos cada dos años. Esa predicción, conocida como **ley de Moore**, se cumplió notablemente bien durante casi medio siglo.","analogy":"Doblar una hoja de papel por la mitad una y otra vez. Cada doblez solo la duplica, lo que parece poco, pero después de unas decenas de dobleces la pila pasaría de largo las nubes.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/moores-law/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/moores-law/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-motherboard","slug":"motherboard","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-motherboard.svg","en":{"title":"Motherboard","tagline":"The main circuit board that every other part of a computer plugs into.","aliases":["motherboards","mainboard","logic board"],"imageAlt":"A green circuit board seen from above with a CPU socket, RAM slots, a GPU slot, an SSD slot and a row of ports, joined by traces","lead":"The **motherboard** is the large flat board inside a computer that connects everything else. The CPU sits in a socket on it, the RAM sticks clip into slots next to it, the SSD screws into its own slot, the graphics card plugs into a long connector, and the USB, audio and network ports on the back of a desktop are part of it. Thin copper lines printed on the board, called **traces**, carry the signals between all of them.","analogy":"The street grid and plumbing of a city. Buildings (CPU, memory, storage) do the actual work, but the grid decides where they can stand, how they are connected and how big the city can grow.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/motherboard/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/motherboard/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Placa madre","tagline":"La placa de circuito principal donde se enchufan todas las otras partes de la compu.","aliases":["placas madre","placa base","placas base","tarjeta madre","motherboard"],"imageAlt":"Una placa de circuito verde vista desde arriba con el zócalo de la CPU, ranuras de RAM, ranura de GPU, ranura de SSD y una fila de puertos, unidos por pistas","lead":"La **placa madre** (motherboard, también llamada placa base) es la placa grande y plana adentro de una computadora que conecta todo lo demás. La CPU va en un zócalo sobre ella, las memorias RAM se encastran en ranuras al lado, el SSD se atornilla en su propia ranura, la placa de video se enchufa en un conector largo, y los puertos USB, de audio y de red de atrás de una PC de escritorio son parte de ella. Unas líneas finas de cobre impresas en la placa, llamadas **pistas**, llevan las señales entre todos.","analogy":"El trazado de calles y las cañerías de una ciudad. Los edificios (CPU, memoria, almacenamiento) hacen el trabajo, pero el trazado decide dónde pueden estar, cómo se conectan y hasta dónde puede crecer la ciudad.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/motherboard/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/motherboard/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-multimodal-ai","slug":"multimodal-ai","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-multimodal-ai.svg","en":{"title":"Multimodal AI","tagline":"AI that works with more than one kind of data at once: text, images, sound, video.","aliases":["multimodal","multimodal model","multimodal models"],"imageAlt":"A photo of an open fridge and a spoken question, what can I cook, both go into one model, which answers try an omelette","lead":"**Multimodal AI** is AI that works with more than one kind of information, or 'mode', at the same time: text, images, audio, video. A multimodal model can look at a photo and answer a question about it, listen to your voice and reply out loud, read a chart in a PDF, or take a sketch and turn it into a working web page.","analogy":"Like the difference between texting a friend and having them next to you: in person you can point at things, show them a photo and hear each other's tone, and they understand much more of what you mean.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/multimodal-ai/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/multimodal-ai/index.md"},"es":{"title":"IA multimodal","tagline":"IA que entiende, o produce, más de un tipo de dato: texto, imágenes, sonido, video.","aliases":["multimodal","modelo multimodal","modelos multimodales"],"imageAlt":"Una foto de una heladera abierta y una pregunta hablada, qué puedo cocinar, entran juntas en un modelo, que responde probá un omelette","lead":"La **IA multimodal** es la IA que trabaja con más de un tipo de información, o 'modo', al mismo tiempo: texto, imágenes, audio, video. Un modelo multimodal puede mirar una foto y responder una pregunta sobre ella, escuchar tu voz y contestarte en voz alta, leer un gráfico dentro de un PDF o tomar un boceto y convertirlo en una página web que funciona.","analogy":"Es la diferencia entre mandarle un mensaje a un amigo y tenerlo al lado: en persona podés señalar cosas, mostrarle una foto y escuchar el tono del otro, y te entiende mucho más.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/multimodal-ai/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/multimodal-ai/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-nat","slug":"nat","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-nat.svg","en":{"title":"NAT","tagline":"How a whole home or office shares one public IP address on the internet.","aliases":["network address translation","NAT gateway","NAT gateways"],"imageAlt":"Three home devices with private 192.168 addresses talk through one router, which rewrites them to a single public IP address on the way to the internet","lead":"**NAT** (network address translation) is what lets many devices share a single public IP address. At home, your phone, laptop and TV each get a **private** address like `192.168.0.12` from the router. Those addresses mean nothing on the internet; they are reused in millions of homes. Your internet provider gives the router just one **public** address, and the router translates between the two worlds.","analogy":"An office with one public phone number and a receptionist. Employees call out from their extensions; the receptionist notes who called whom, and when the callback arrives at the main number, transfers it to the right extension.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/nat/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/nat/index.md"},"es":{"title":"NAT","tagline":"Cómo toda una casa u oficina comparte una sola dirección IP pública en internet.","aliases":["traducción de direcciones de red","NAT gateway"],"imageAlt":"Tres dispositivos de una casa con direcciones privadas 192.168 hablan a través de un router, que las reescribe a una única dirección IP pública camino a internet","lead":"**NAT** (network address translation, traducción de direcciones de red) es lo que permite que muchos dispositivos compartan una sola dirección IP pública. En tu casa, el celular, la notebook y la tele reciben cada uno una dirección **privada** como `192.168.0.12` que les da el router. Esas direcciones no significan nada en internet; se repiten en millones de casas. Tu proveedor de internet le da al router una única dirección **pública**, y el router traduce entre los dos mundos.","analogy":"Una oficina con un solo número de teléfono y una recepcionista. Los empleados llaman desde sus internos; la recepcionista anota quién llamó a quién, y cuando devuelven la llamada al número principal, la pasa al interno correcto.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/nat/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/nat/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-natural-language-processing","slug":"natural-language-processing","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-natural-language-processing.svg","en":{"title":"Natural language processing","tagline":"The field of AI that works with human language: reading, writing, translating.","aliases":["NLP"],"imageAlt":"One sentence, the movie was not bad, feeds three tasks: a translation into Spanish, a sentiment label that says positive, and the sentence split into tokens","lead":"**Natural language processing** (NLP) is the branch of AI that deals with human language, the 'natural' kind we speak and write, as opposed to programming languages. Its goal is to get computers to do useful things with text and speech: translate it, summarize it, answer questions about it, sort it, or turn it into a spoken reply.","analogy":"NLP is to computers what learning a second language is to people: first memorizing grammar rules, then picking up patterns from lots of reading, and finally getting a feel for sarcasm and context.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/natural-language-processing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/natural-language-processing/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Procesamiento del lenguaje natural","tagline":"El campo de la IA que trabaja con el lenguaje humano: leer, escribir, traducir.","aliases":["PLN","NLP","procesamiento de lenguaje natural","natural language processing"],"imageAlt":"Una oración en inglés, the movie was not bad, alimenta tres tareas: una traducción al español, una etiqueta de sentimiento que dice positivo y la oración partida en tokens","lead":"El **procesamiento del lenguaje natural** (PLN, o NLP en inglés) es la rama de la IA que se ocupa del lenguaje humano, el 'natural' que hablamos y escribimos, a diferencia de los lenguajes de programación. Su objetivo es que una computadora haga cosas útiles con textos y voz: traducirlos, resumirlos, responder preguntas sobre ellos, clasificarlos o convertirlos en una respuesta hablada.","analogy":"El PLN es para las computadoras lo que aprender un segundo idioma es para las personas: primero memorizar reglas de gramática, después absorber patrones leyendo mucho y, al final, entender la ironía y el contexto.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/natural-language-processing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/natural-language-processing/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-netflix","slug":"netflix","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-netflix.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Netflix","tagline":"A streaming service, and the engineering it built to deliver video to the whole world.","aliases":["Open Connect","Chaos Monkey"],"imageAlt":"The app and catalog run in the cloud, while the video itself flows from Netflix boxes placed inside internet providers to TVs and phones nearby","lead":"**Netflix** was founded in 1997 in California by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph, renting DVDs by mail. In 2007 it started streaming video over the internet, and later began producing its own series and films. It makes money mainly from monthly **subscriptions**, and also from cheaper plans that show ads. To the viewer it is an app; behind the app is some of the best-known engineering on the internet.","analogy":"A newspaper that, instead of printing everything in one city and shipping it by truck, puts small printing presses in every neighborhood's kiosk, so each morning the paper is printed right where it is read.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/netflix/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/netflix/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Netflix","tagline":"Un servicio de streaming, y la ingeniería que armó para llevar video a todo el mundo.","aliases":["Open Connect","Chaos Monkey"],"imageAlt":"La app y el catálogo corren en la nube, mientras el video en sí sale de cajas de Netflix instaladas dentro de los proveedores de internet hacia televisores y celulares cercanos","lead":"**Netflix** la fundaron en 1997 en California Reed Hastings y Marc Randolph, alquilando DVDs por correo. En 2007 empezó a transmitir video por internet, y más tarde a producir sus propias series y películas. Gana plata sobre todo con **suscripciones** mensuales, y también con planes más baratos que muestran publicidad. Para quien mira es una app; detrás de la app hay parte de la ingeniería más conocida de internet.","analogy":"Un diario que, en vez de imprimir todo en una ciudad y repartirlo en camiones, pone pequeñas imprentas en el kiosco de cada barrio, así cada mañana el diario se imprime justo donde se lee.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/netflix/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/netflix/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-12-neural-network","slug":"neural-network","date":"2026-10-12","level":1,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-12-neural-network.svg","en":{"title":"Neural network","tagline":"A pile of tiny math units that learns patterns from examples.","aliases":["neural networks"],"imageAlt":"Layers of circles connected by lines, an input on the left and an answer on the right","lead":"A **neural network** is a program made of layers of simple units called neurons. Each neuron takes some numbers, multiplies them by its own **weights**, adds them up, and passes the result to the next layer. Alone, a neuron is trivial. Millions of them, stacked, can recognize a face or write a paragraph.","analogy":"Tuning a radio with millions of knobs. You turn them a little, listen if the music got clearer, and keep the turns that helped. After enough rounds, it plays the station.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/neural-network/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/neural-network/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Red neuronal","tagline":"Una pila de unidades matemáticas chiquitas que aprende patrones a partir de ejemplos.","aliases":["redes neuronales"],"imageAlt":"Capas de círculos unidos por líneas, una entrada a la izquierda y una respuesta a la derecha","lead":"Una **red neuronal** es un programa hecho de capas de unidades simples llamadas neuronas. Cada neurona toma algunos números, los multiplica por sus propios **pesos**, los suma y pasa el resultado a la capa siguiente. Sola, una neurona es trivial. Millones apiladas pueden reconocer una cara o escribir un párrafo.","analogy":"Sintonizar una radio con millones de perillas. Las girás un poco, escuchás si la música se oye más clara y conservás los giros que ayudaron. Después de suficientes rondas, suena la emisora.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/neural-network/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/neural-network/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-nfc","slug":"nfc","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-nfc.svg","en":{"title":"NFC","tagline":"Very short-range wireless that works with a tap: contactless cards, phones, transit.","aliases":["near-field communication","near field communication","contactless payment","contactless payments","NFC tag","NFC tags"],"imageAlt":"A phone held a few centimeters from a payment terminal, with small radio waves between them, and a card with a chip labeled tag, no battery","lead":"**NFC** (near-field communication) is a wireless technology that only works over a few centimeters, roughly the distance of a tap. It is what happens when you pay by holding a card or a phone against a terminal, go through a subway gate with a transit card, or open a door with a badge. Two devices come close, exchange a small amount of data, and that is it.","analogy":"A handshake instead of a phone call. It only happens when you are close enough to touch, it is over in a second, and it is enough to say \"it's me, go ahead\".","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/nfc/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/nfc/index.md"},"es":{"title":"NFC","tagline":"Conexión inalámbrica de alcance mínimo: alcanza con apoyar la tarjeta o el celular.","aliases":["comunicación de campo cercano","pago sin contacto","pagos sin contacto","etiqueta NFC","etiquetas NFC"],"imageAlt":"Un celular a pocos centímetros de una terminal de pago, con ondas de radio chiquitas entre los dos, y una tarjeta con chip marcada como etiqueta sin batería","lead":"**NFC** (near-field communication, comunicación de campo cercano) es una tecnología inalámbrica que solo funciona a unos pocos centímetros, más o menos la distancia de apoyar algo. Es lo que pasa cuando pagás acercando una tarjeta o el celular a una terminal, cuando pasás el molinete del subte con una tarjeta de transporte o cuando abrís una puerta con una credencial. Dos aparatos se acercan, intercambian unos pocos datos y listo.","analogy":"Un apretón de manos en lugar de una llamada. Solo pasa cuando están lo bastante cerca como para tocarse, dura un segundo y alcanza para decir \"soy yo, dale\".","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/nfc/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/nfc/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-nosql","slug":"nosql","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-nosql.svg","en":{"title":"NoSQL","tagline":"Databases that store data in shapes other than tables with fixed columns.","aliases":["NoSQL database","NoSQL databases","document database","document databases","key-value store","key-value stores","graph database","graph databases"],"imageAlt":"Four kinds of NoSQL database side by side: a JSON document, key-value pairs, wide rows with varying columns, and a graph of connected nodes","lead":"**NoSQL** is an umbrella name for databases that do not use the classic relational model of tables, rows and fixed columns queried with SQL. The name is usually read as \"not only SQL\". They became popular in the late 2000s, when big web companies needed to store huge amounts of data spread over many servers, with flexible shapes and very fast reads and writes.","analogy":"A relational database is a filing cabinet with identical printed forms. NoSQL is a set of other containers: folders where each document can look different, a key rack, a huge ledger, a corkboard with strings between photos. Each fits some jobs much better than the cabinet.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/nosql/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/nosql/index.md"},"es":{"title":"NoSQL","tagline":"Bases de datos que guardan la información en formas distintas a tablas de columnas fijas.","aliases":["base de datos NoSQL","bases de datos NoSQL","base de datos documental","bases de datos documentales","base de datos clave-valor","base de datos de grafos","bases de datos de grafos"],"imageAlt":"Cuatro tipos de base de datos NoSQL lado a lado: un documento JSON, pares clave-valor, filas anchas con columnas variables y un grafo de nodos conectados","lead":"**NoSQL** es un nombre paraguas para las bases de datos que no usan el modelo relacional clásico de tablas, filas y columnas fijas consultadas con SQL. El nombre se suele leer como \"not only SQL\" (no solo SQL). Se hicieron populares a fines de los 2000, cuando las grandes empresas web necesitaban guardar cantidades enormes de datos repartidos en muchos servidores, con formas flexibles y lecturas y escrituras muy rápidas.","analogy":"Una base relacional es un fichero con formularios impresos idénticos. NoSQL es un conjunto de otros contenedores: carpetas donde cada documento puede ser distinto, un llavero, un libro de registros enorme, un corcho con hilos entre fotos. Cada uno sirve mucho mejor que el fichero para ciertas tareas.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/nosql/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/nosql/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-npu","slug":"npu","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["hardware","ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-npu.svg","en":{"title":"NPU","tagline":"A small AI engine inside phones and laptops that runs models fast on little battery.","aliases":["NPUs","neural processing unit","neural processing units","on-device AI"],"imageAlt":"A phone whose chip has CPU, GPU and NPU blocks; lines from the NPU lead to three tasks: blur background, find faces and voice to text","lead":"An **NPU** (neural processing unit) is a part of a chip dedicated to running AI models. Modern phones and many recent laptops have one inside their main chip, next to the CPU and the GPU. It is what blurs the background in a video call, finds faces in your photo library, transcribes a voice note or runs a small language model without sending anything over the internet.","analogy":"A pocket translator versus phoning an interpreter. The interpreter far away can handle anything, but the little device in your pocket answers instantly, works without signal and keeps the conversation to yourself.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/npu/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/npu/index.md"},"es":{"title":"NPU","tagline":"Un motor de IA chico en celulares y notebooks que corre modelos con poca batería.","aliases":["NPUs","unidad de procesamiento neuronal","unidades de procesamiento neuronal","IA en el dispositivo"],"imageAlt":"Un celular cuyo chip tiene bloques CPU, GPU y NPU; de la NPU salen líneas hacia tres tareas: desenfocar el fondo, encontrar caras y pasar voz a texto","lead":"Una **NPU** (neural processing unit, unidad de procesamiento neuronal) es una parte de un chip dedicada a correr modelos de IA. Los celulares modernos y muchas notebooks recientes tienen una dentro de su chip principal, al lado del CPU y la GPU. Es la que desenfoca el fondo en una videollamada, encuentra caras en tu galería de fotos, transcribe un audio o corre un modelo de lenguaje chico sin mandar nada por internet.","analogy":"Un traductor de bolsillo en lugar de llamar a un intérprete. El intérprete lejano puede con todo, pero el aparatito que tenés en el bolsillo responde al instante, funciona sin señal y la conversación queda entre vos y él.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/npu/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/npu/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-13-nvidia","slug":"nvidia","date":"2026-10-13","level":1,"subjects":["companies","hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-13-nvidia.svg","en":{"title":"NVIDIA","tagline":"The company that sells the shovels of the AI gold rush.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"A chip at the center with arrows to a game console, a data center and a car","lead":"**NVIDIA** designs GPUs. For twenty years that meant graphics cards for gamers. Around 2012 researchers discovered those same chips were ideal for training neural networks, and NVIDIA leaned in hard: it built **CUDA**, the software layer that lets programmers use its GPUs for any kind of math, and it became the default for AI.","analogy":"During a gold rush, the surest money is in selling shovels. NVIDIA sells the shovels (GPUs) and the only handle that fits them (CUDA).","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/nvidia/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/nvidia/index.md"},"es":{"title":"NVIDIA","tagline":"La empresa que vende las palas de la fiebre del oro de la IA.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"Un chip en el centro con flechas a una consola, un data center y un auto","lead":"**NVIDIA** diseña GPUs. Durante veinte años eso significó placas de video para gamers. Alrededor de 2012, investigadores descubrieron que esos mismos chips eran ideales para entrenar redes neuronales, y NVIDIA apostó fuerte: construyó **CUDA**, la capa de software que deja usar sus GPUs para cualquier tipo de matemática, y se volvió el estándar de la IA.","analogy":"En una fiebre del oro, la plata segura está en vender palas. NVIDIA vende las palas (GPUs) y el único mango que les calza (CUDA).","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/nvidia/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/nvidia/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-oauth-and-sso","slug":"oauth-and-sso","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["security","software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-oauth-and-sso.svg","en":{"title":"OAuth and SSO","tagline":"Log in once with an account you trust, and let it vouch for you in other apps.","aliases":["OAuth","OAuth 2.0","SSO","single sign-on","OpenID Connect","Sign in with Google"],"imageAlt":"An app sends the user to an identity provider to sign in and consent, gets a token back instead of a password, and the same provider also logs the user into mail, chat and docs","lead":"When an app offers **Sign in with Google**, it is using **OAuth**: a standard that lets one service act on your behalf in another without ever seeing your password. The app sends you to Google, you sign in there, and Google asks whether you agree to share, say, your name and email. If you say yes, Google hands the app a **token**: a temporary pass that works only for what you approved and can be revoked at any time.","analogy":"A wristband at a festival. You show your ID once at the entrance (the identity provider) and get a wristband (the token); each stage checks the wristband, not your ID, and the wristband only opens the areas your ticket includes.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/oauth-and-sso/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/oauth-and-sso/index.md"},"es":{"title":"OAuth y SSO","tagline":"Iniciar sesión una vez con una cuenta confiable y que ella responda por vos en otras apps.","aliases":["OAuth","OAuth 2.0","SSO","inicio de sesión único","OpenID Connect"],"imageAlt":"Una app manda al usuario a un proveedor de identidad para iniciar sesión y dar permiso, recibe un token en vez de una contraseña, y el mismo proveedor también lo deja entrar a mail, chat y docs","lead":"Cuando una app ofrece **Iniciar sesión con Google**, está usando **OAuth**: un estándar que permite que un servicio actúe en tu nombre en otro sin ver nunca tu contraseña. La app te manda a Google, iniciás sesión ahí, y Google te pregunta si aceptás compartir, por ejemplo, tu nombre y tu email. Si decís que sí, Google le da a la app un **token**: un pase temporal que sirve solo para lo que aprobaste y que se puede revocar en cualquier momento.","analogy":"La pulsera de un festival. Mostrás el documento una sola vez en la entrada (el proveedor de identidad) y te dan una pulsera (el token); cada escenario mira la pulsera, no tu documento, y la pulsera solo abre las zonas que incluye tu entrada.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/oauth-and-sso/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/oauth-and-sso/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-object-storage","slug":"object-storage","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-object-storage.svg","en":{"title":"Object storage","tagline":"Files stored as whole named objects, reached over the web, almost without limit.","aliases":["object store","object stores","blob storage"],"imageAlt":"A flat bucket holding objects, each with a key, the data and a small metadata tag, reached with simple PUT and GET requests over the web","lead":"**Object storage** keeps data as **objects**: a whole file (a photo, a video, a backup, a CSV export) plus some metadata about it, saved under a unique name called a **key**, inside a container usually called a **bucket**. There are no real folders and no disks to manage; you save an object with a `PUT` request over HTTP and get it back with a `GET`. Amazon S3 made this model popular, and Google Cloud Storage, Azure Blob Storage and many others follow it.","analogy":"A coat check. You hand over the whole coat and get a numbered ticket; to get it back you show the ticket. You cannot sew a button on while it is hanging there, but the coat check can hold an enormous number of coats and never loses one.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/object-storage/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/object-storage/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Almacenamiento de objetos","tagline":"Archivos guardados como objetos con nombre, accesibles por la web y casi sin límite.","aliases":["object storage","object store","blob storage"],"imageAlt":"Un bucket plano con objetos, cada uno con una clave, los datos y una etiqueta de metadatos, al que se accede con pedidos PUT y GET por la web","lead":"El **almacenamiento de objetos** (object storage) guarda los datos como **objetos**: un archivo entero (una foto, un video, un backup, una exportación CSV) más algunos metadatos, guardado con un nombre único llamado **clave** (key), dentro de un contenedor que se suele llamar **bucket**. No hay carpetas reales ni discos que administrar; guardás un objeto con un pedido `PUT` por HTTP y lo recuperás con un `GET`. Amazon S3 popularizó este modelo, y Google Cloud Storage, Azure Blob Storage y muchos otros lo siguen.","analogy":"El guardarropa de un teatro. Entregás el abrigo entero y te dan un número; para recuperarlo mostrás el número. No podés coserle un botón mientras está colgado, pero el guardarropa entra una cantidad enorme de abrigos y nunca pierde ninguno.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/object-storage/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/object-storage/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-olap-and-oltp","slug":"olap-and-oltp","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-olap-and-oltp.svg","en":{"title":"OLAP and OLTP","tagline":"Two kinds of database work: many small transactions, or a few huge analytical questions.","aliases":["OLAP","OLTP","online analytical processing","online transaction processing"],"imageAlt":"On the left, many small arrows write single rows into an OLTP database; on the right, one big question scans whole columns of an OLAP store","lead":"**OLTP** (online transaction processing) is the work behind an app while people use it: create this order, charge this card, update this address. Each operation touches a handful of rows, there are thousands of them per second, and every one must be correct and safe even if two happen at once. Databases like PostgreSQL, MySQL, Amazon RDS or DynamoDB are built for this, usually storing data row by row with indexes to find a single record quickly.","analogy":"A supermarket checkout versus the head office. The checkout handles one customer at a time, fast and without mistakes; the office looks at a year of receipts to decide what to stock. You would not want the office doing its yearly analysis at the till.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/olap-and-oltp/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/olap-and-oltp/index.md"},"es":{"title":"OLAP y OLTP","tagline":"Dos trabajos de una base de datos: muchas transacciones chicas o pocas preguntas enormes.","aliases":["OLAP","OLTP","procesamiento analítico en línea","procesamiento de transacciones en línea"],"imageAlt":"A la izquierda, muchas flechas chicas escriben filas sueltas en una base OLTP; a la derecha, una sola pregunta grande recorre columnas enteras de un almacén OLAP","lead":"**OLTP** (procesamiento de transacciones en línea) es el trabajo que hay detrás de una app mientras la gente la usa: creá este pedido, cobrá esta tarjeta, actualizá esta dirección. Cada operación toca unas pocas filas, hay miles por segundo, y cada una tiene que salir bien aunque dos pasen al mismo tiempo. Bases como PostgreSQL, MySQL, Amazon RDS o DynamoDB están hechas para esto, y suelen guardar los datos fila por fila, con índices para encontrar un registro rápido.","analogy":"La caja del supermercado contra la oficina central. La caja atiende a un cliente por vez, rápido y sin errores; la oficina mira un año de tickets para decidir qué comprar. No querés que la oficina haga su análisis anual en la caja.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/olap-and-oltp/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/olap-and-oltp/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-open-source","slug":"open-source","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-open-source.svg","en":{"title":"Open source","tagline":"Software whose code anyone can read, use, change and share.","aliases":["open-source","open source software"],"imageAlt":"A source code file with an open padlock, surrounded by people who read it, change it and share it","lead":"**Open source** software is software whose source code, the human-readable text that programmers write, is published for anyone to read, use, modify and redistribute. The rules are set by a license. Some (MIT, Apache) let you do almost anything, including selling it inside a closed product; others (GPL) require that if you distribute a modified version, you publish your changes too.","analogy":"A recipe printed in the cookbook rather than kept in the chef's safe. Anyone can cook it, improve it and pass it on; the license says whether you must share your improvements.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/open-source/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/open-source/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Código abierto","tagline":"Software cuyo código cualquiera puede leer, usar, cambiar y compartir.","aliases":["open source","software libre"],"imageAlt":"Un archivo de código fuente con un candado abierto, rodeado de personas que lo leen, lo cambian y lo comparten","lead":"El software de **código abierto** (**open source**) es aquel cuyo código fuente, el texto legible que escriben los programadores, está publicado para que cualquiera lo lea, lo use, lo modifique y lo redistribuya. Las reglas las pone una licencia. Algunas (MIT, Apache) te dejan hacer casi cualquier cosa, incluso venderlo adentro de un producto cerrado; otras (GPL) exigen que si distribuís una versión modificada, publiques tus cambios también.","analogy":"Una receta impresa en el libro de cocina en vez de guardada en la caja fuerte del chef. Cualquiera puede cocinarla, mejorarla y pasarla; la licencia dice si tenés que compartir tus mejoras.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/open-source/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/open-source/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-open-standard","slug":"open-standard","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-open-standard.svg","en":{"title":"Open standard","tagline":"A public rulebook anyone can follow, so products from different makers work together.","aliases":["open standards"],"imageAlt":"A published specification, written by a standards body, is used by several different companies whose products all work together","lead":"A **standard** is a written specification of how something must work: the shape of a plug, the format of a file, the messages two computers exchange. A standard is **open** when anyone can read it and build products that follow it without asking one company for permission. Typically it is written and maintained through a public process by a standards body, such as the W3C and WHATWG for the web, the IETF for internet protocols, the IEEE for Wi-Fi or ISO for many industrial formats, and it can be implemented royalty-free or under fair, published terms.","analogy":"Like the rules of football. They are published for everyone, so any club can form a team, any company can make the balls and any stadium can host a match, and everything fits together without asking one owner for permission.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/open-standard/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/open-standard/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Estándar abierto","tagline":"Un reglamento técnico público que cualquiera puede seguir para que las marcas encajen.","aliases":["estándares abiertos"],"imageAlt":"Una especificación publicada, escrita por un organismo de estándares, la usan varias empresas distintas cuyos productos funcionan todos juntos","lead":"Un **estándar** es una especificación escrita de cómo tiene que funcionar algo: la forma de un enchufe, el formato de un archivo, los mensajes que se mandan dos computadoras. Un estándar es **abierto** cuando cualquiera puede leerlo y fabricar productos que lo sigan sin pedirle permiso a una empresa. En general lo escribe y lo mantiene, con un proceso público, un organismo de estándares, como el W3C y el WHATWG para la web, la IETF para los protocolos de internet, el IEEE para el Wi-Fi o la ISO para muchos formatos industriales, y se puede implementar sin pagar regalías o con condiciones justas y publicadas.","analogy":"Como el reglamento del fútbol. Está publicado para todos, así que cualquier club puede armar un equipo, cualquier empresa puede fabricar pelotas y cualquier estadio puede recibir un partido, y todo encaja sin pedirle permiso a un único dueño.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/open-standard/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/open-standard/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-open-weights-models","slug":"open-weights-models","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-open-weights-models.svg","en":{"title":"Open-weights models","tagline":"AI models whose trained numbers anyone can download and run on their own machines.","aliases":["open-weights model","open-weight model","open-weight models","open weights","open models"],"imageAlt":"Left, a closed model in a locked box that your app can only reach through an API; right, an open-weights file downloaded onto your own computer","lead":"An **open-weights model** is an AI model whose weights, the billions of numbers learned in training, are published for anyone to download. With them you can run the model on your own computer or servers, inspect it and adapt it, instead of only renting access through someone else's API. Meta's Llama, Google's Gemma, Mistral's models and those from Chinese labs such as Alibaba (Qwen) and DeepSeek are well-known examples, and OpenAI released open-weights models too.","analogy":"A closed model is a restaurant: you order, you eat, you never see the kitchen. An open-weights model is a frozen dish you take home: you can heat it, add spices or serve it to friends, but the original recipe and ingredient list usually stay with the chef.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/open-weights-models/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/open-weights-models/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Modelos de pesos abiertos","tagline":"Modelos de IA cuyos números entrenados cualquiera puede descargar y correr en su equipo.","aliases":["modelo de pesos abiertos","pesos abiertos","open weights","modelos abiertos"],"imageAlt":"A la izquierda, un modelo cerrado en una caja con candado al que tu app solo llega por una API; a la derecha, un archivo de pesos abiertos descargado en tu propia computadora","lead":"Un **modelo de pesos abiertos** (open weights) es un modelo de IA cuyos pesos, los miles de millones de números aprendidos en el entrenamiento, se publican para que cualquiera los descargue. Con ellos podés correr el modelo en tu propia computadora o en tus servidores, inspeccionarlo y adaptarlo, en lugar de solo alquilar acceso a través de la API de otro. Llama de Meta, Gemma de Google, los modelos de Mistral y los de laboratorios chinos como Alibaba (Qwen) y DeepSeek son ejemplos conocidos, y OpenAI también publicó modelos de pesos abiertos.","analogy":"Un modelo cerrado es un restaurante: pedís, comés y nunca ves la cocina. Un modelo de pesos abiertos es una vianda congelada que te llevás: la podés calentar, condimentar o servirles a tus amigos, pero la receta original y la lista de ingredientes en general se quedan con el cocinero.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/open-weights-models/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/open-weights-models/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-openai","slug":"openai","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["companies","ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-openai.svg","en":{"title":"OpenAI","tagline":"The company that made ChatGPT and turned AI into a household topic.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"A chat window labeled ChatGPT on top of a model box labeled GPT, with arrows out to an API, to Microsoft and to image and voice products","lead":"**OpenAI** is the company that made AI something everyone talks about. It was founded in 2015 in San Francisco as a nonprofit research lab, with Sam Altman among its founders and now its CEO, and it builds the **GPT** family of large language models. On 30 November 2022 it released **ChatGPT**, a chat interface on top of GPT, and it became one of the fastest-adopted consumer products in history. For many people 'ChatGPT' is still the name of the whole category.","analogy":"The company that turned a lab curiosity into a product everyone could try, the way the first iPhone did for smartphones. Others make comparable phones now, but that launch is the one people remember.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/openai/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/openai/index.md"},"es":{"title":"OpenAI","tagline":"La empresa que hizo ChatGPT y convirtió a la IA en tema de sobremesa.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"Una ventana de chat que dice ChatGPT sobre una caja de modelo que dice GPT, con flechas hacia una API, hacia Microsoft y hacia productos de imagen y voz","lead":"**OpenAI** es la empresa que hizo que todo el mundo hable de IA. Se fundó en 2015 en San Francisco como un laboratorio de investigación sin fines de lucro, con Sam Altman entre sus fundadores y hoy su CEO, y construye la familia **GPT** de modelos de lenguaje grandes. El 30 de noviembre de 2022 lanzó **ChatGPT**, una interfaz de chat sobre GPT, y se convirtió en uno de los productos de consumo adoptados más rápido de la historia. Para mucha gente 'ChatGPT' sigue siendo el nombre de toda la categoría.","analogy":"La empresa que convirtió una curiosidad de laboratorio en un producto que cualquiera podía probar, como hizo el primer iPhone con los smartphones. Hoy otros hacen teléfonos comparables, pero ese lanzamiento es el que la gente recuerda.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/openai/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/openai/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-operating-system","slug":"operating-system","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software","hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-operating-system.svg","en":{"title":"Operating system","tagline":"The base software that runs a device and lets every app share its hardware.","aliases":["operating systems","OS"],"imageAlt":"Apps sit on top of the operating system, which sits on top of the hardware: CPU, memory, disk and screen","lead":"An **operating system** (OS) is the software that starts when you turn on a device and stays in charge until you turn it off. Windows, macOS, Linux, Android and iOS are operating systems. Its job is to manage the hardware, the CPU, the memory (RAM), the storage, the screen, the network, and to share it fairly among all the apps you run.","analogy":"The manager of a busy shared kitchen. The cooks (apps) never fight over the stove directly: they ask the manager, who hands out burners, keeps each cook's ingredients separate and makes sure nobody burns the place down.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/operating-system/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/operating-system/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Sistema operativo","tagline":"El software base que maneja un dispositivo y reparte su hardware entre todas las apps.","aliases":["sistemas operativos"],"imageAlt":"Las apps están arriba del sistema operativo, que está arriba del hardware: CPU, memoria, disco y pantalla","lead":"Un **sistema operativo** es el software que arranca cuando prendés un dispositivo y queda a cargo hasta que lo apagás. Windows, macOS, Linux, Android e iOS son sistemas operativos. Su trabajo es administrar el hardware, la CPU, la memoria (RAM), el almacenamiento, la pantalla, la red, y repartirlo de forma justa entre todas las apps que usás.","analogy":"El encargado de una cocina compartida llena de gente. Los cocineros (las apps) nunca se pelean por la hornalla: se la piden al encargado, que reparte los fuegos, mantiene separados los ingredientes de cada uno y se asegura de que nadie prenda fuego el lugar.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/operating-system/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/operating-system/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-oracle","slug":"oracle","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-oracle.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Oracle","tagline":"The company behind one of the most used business databases, now also a cloud provider.","aliases":["Oracle Corporation","Oracle Database","Oracle Cloud"],"imageAlt":"A database cylinder at the center, with business applications on one side and cloud data centers on the other, all sold to companies under licenses and subscriptions","lead":"**Oracle** is an American software company founded in 1977 by Larry Ellison, Bob Miner and Ed Oates. Its first and most famous product is **Oracle Database**, one of the first commercial relational databases using SQL. For decades it has been where banks, airlines, telecoms and governments keep their most important records: accounts, bookings, invoices, payroll.","analogy":"The company that makes the safe where a bank keeps its ledgers, and that also sells the accounting books, the clerks' desks and, lately, rents rooms in its own guarded building to put the safe in.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/oracle/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/oracle/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Oracle","tagline":"Hace una de las bases de datos empresariales más usadas y hoy también vende nube.","aliases":["Oracle Corporation","Oracle Database","Oracle Cloud"],"imageAlt":"Un cilindro de base de datos en el centro, con aplicaciones de negocio de un lado y data centers en la nube del otro, todo vendido a empresas con licencias y suscripciones","lead":"**Oracle** es una empresa de software estadounidense fundada en 1977 por Larry Ellison, Bob Miner y Ed Oates. Su primer producto, y el más famoso, es **Oracle Database**, una de las primeras bases de datos relacionales comerciales con SQL. Hace décadas que es donde bancos, aerolíneas, telefónicas y gobiernos guardan sus registros más importantes: cuentas, reservas, facturas, sueldos.","analogy":"La empresa que fabrica la caja fuerte donde un banco guarda sus libros, que además vende los libros contables, los escritorios de los empleados y, últimamente, alquila salas en su propio edificio custodiado para poner la caja fuerte.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/oracle/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/oracle/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-packet","slug":"packet","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-packet.svg","en":{"title":"Packet","tagline":"The small chunk every piece of internet data is cut into before it travels.","aliases":["packets"],"imageAlt":"A file being cut into four numbered packets, each with a header strip and a data block, and reassembled on the other side","lead":"Nothing travels the internet in one piece. A photo, a web page, a second of a video call: everything is chopped into **packets**, small blocks of roughly 1,500 bytes at most, each sent on its own. A packet has a **header** (sender and destination IP address, ports, a sequence number, a few flags) and a **payload**, the actual slice of data. The receiving side puts the slices back in order.","analogy":"Moving a library by mail. You cannot ship the building, so you box the books, number every box, and the boxes may take different trucks. At the other end you shelve them back in order and ask for any box that went missing.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/packet/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/packet/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Paquete","tagline":"El pedacito en que se corta cada dato de internet antes de viajar.","aliases":["paquetes"],"imageAlt":"Un archivo cortado en cuatro paquetes numerados, cada uno con una tira de header y un bloque de datos, y vuelto a armar del otro lado","lead":"Nada viaja por internet de una sola pieza. Una foto, una página web, un segundo de videollamada: todo se corta en **paquetes**, bloques chicos de como mucho 1500 bytes aproximadamente, y cada uno se manda por su cuenta. Un paquete tiene un **header** (dirección IP de origen y de destino, puertos, un número de secuencia, algunas banderas) y un **payload**, la porción de datos en sí. El lado que recibe vuelve a poner las porciones en orden.","analogy":"Mudar una biblioteca por correo. No podés mandar el edificio, así que encajonás los libros, numerás cada caja, y las cajas pueden ir en camiones distintos. Del otro lado las volvés a ordenar en los estantes y reclamás la caja que falte.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/packet/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/packet/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-parquet","slug":"parquet","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-parquet.svg","en":{"title":"Parquet","tagline":"A file format that stores tables by column, compressed, so analytics reads far less.","aliases":["Apache Parquet"],"imageAlt":"On the left, a CSV stored as rows of mixed colored cells; on the right, the same data stored as three column blocks, with a query reading only two of them","lead":"**Parquet** (Apache Parquet) is an open file format for tables, designed for analytics. A CSV writes a table row by row; Parquet writes it **column by column**: all the dates together, then all the amounts, then all the countries. It is binary rather than plain text, so you cannot open it in a text editor, but almost every data tool reads it: Spark, Amazon Athena, pandas, DuckDB and the major data warehouses.","analogy":"A filing cabinet with one drawer per kind of information instead of one folder per person. To add up everyone's salary you open only the salary drawer, and since it holds nothing but numbers, it packs tightly.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/parquet/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/parquet/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Parquet","tagline":"Un formato que guarda tablas por columna y comprimidas, para que analizar lea mucho menos.","aliases":["Apache Parquet"],"imageAlt":"A la izquierda, un CSV guardado como filas de celdas de colores mezclados; a la derecha, los mismos datos guardados como tres bloques de columnas, con una consulta que lee solo dos","lead":"**Parquet** (Apache Parquet) es un formato de archivo abierto para tablas, pensado para análisis. Un CSV escribe una tabla fila por fila; Parquet la escribe **columna por columna**: todas las fechas juntas, después todos los montos, después todos los países. Es binario y no texto plano, así que no lo podés abrir con un editor de texto, pero casi todas las herramientas de datos lo leen: Spark, Amazon Athena, pandas, DuckDB y los principales data warehouses.","analogy":"Un archivero con un cajón por tipo de información en vez de una carpeta por persona. Para sumar el sueldo de todos abrís solo el cajón de sueldos, y como ahí hay nada más que números, entra todo apretado.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/parquet/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/parquet/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-passkeys","slug":"passkeys","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-passkeys.svg","en":{"title":"Passkeys","tagline":"A way to sign in without a password, using your phone's or computer's lock instead.","aliases":["passkey","FIDO2","WebAuthn"],"imageAlt":"A phone with a fingerprint and a private key answers a challenge from a website that only holds the matching public key","lead":"A **passkey** replaces the password for a site or app. Instead of typing something you memorized, you unlock your phone or computer the way you normally do, with your fingerprint, your face or your device PIN, and you are in. Google, Apple, Microsoft, banks, shops and many other services support them.","analogy":"Instead of whispering a password to the doorman, who could overhear it or be an impostor, you show a seal only your ring can make. The doorman has a copy of the pattern to check it, but cannot make the seal himself.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/passkeys/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/passkeys/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Passkeys","tagline":"Una forma de entrar sin contraseña, usando el bloqueo de tu celular o computadora.","aliases":["passkey","llave de acceso","llaves de acceso","FIDO2","WebAuthn"],"imageAlt":"Un celular con una huella y una clave privada responde un desafío de un sitio web que solo guarda la clave pública que le corresponde","lead":"Una **passkey** (llave de acceso) reemplaza la contraseña de un sitio o una app. En vez de escribir algo que memorizaste, desbloqueás el celular o la computadora como siempre, con tu huella, tu cara o el PIN del dispositivo, y listo, entraste. Google, Apple, Microsoft, bancos, tiendas y muchos otros servicios ya las aceptan.","analogy":"En lugar de decirle una contraseña al oído al portero, que podría escucharla mal o ser un impostor, le mostrás un sello que solo puede hacer tu anillo. El portero tiene una copia del dibujo para comprobarlo, pero no puede hacer el sello él.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/passkeys/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/passkeys/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-password-manager","slug":"password-manager","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-password-manager.svg","en":{"title":"Password manager","tagline":"An encrypted vault that remembers a different strong password for every site.","aliases":["password managers"],"imageAlt":"A vault with one master key outside and a list of sites, each with its own different password, inside","lead":"A **password manager** is an app that creates, stores and types your passwords for you. You remember one long **master password**; the app remembers the hundreds of others, each one different, random and long (`v9!Qm#2kLp...`), and fills them in when you log in. The vault is protected with encryption, so in a well-designed manager the company that runs it cannot read your passwords either.","analogy":"A keyring inside a safe. You memorize one combination; inside are a hundred different keys, one per door, and you never have to carry them in your head.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/password-manager/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/password-manager/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Gestor de contraseñas","tagline":"Una bóveda cifrada que recuerda una contraseña distinta y fuerte para cada sitio.","aliases":["gestores de contraseñas","administrador de contraseñas","gestor de claves"],"imageAlt":"Una bóveda con una sola llave maestra afuera y adentro una lista de sitios, cada uno con su propia contraseña distinta","lead":"Un **gestor de contraseñas** es una app que crea, guarda y escribe tus contraseñas por vos. Vos te acordás de una sola **contraseña maestra**, larga; la app se acuerda de los cientos restantes, cada una distinta, aleatoria y larga (`v9!Qm#2kLp...`), y las completa cuando iniciás sesión. La bóveda está protegida con cifrado, así que en un gestor bien diseñado ni la empresa que lo administra puede leer tus contraseñas.","analogy":"Un llavero adentro de una caja fuerte. Memorizás una sola combinación; adentro hay cien llaves distintas, una por puerta, y nunca tenés que llevarlas en la cabeza.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/password-manager/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/password-manager/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-penetration-testing","slug":"penetration-testing","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-penetration-testing.svg","en":{"title":"Penetration testing","tagline":"Hiring someone to break into your systems, with permission, before a criminal does.","aliases":["penetration test","penetration tests","pentest","pentests","pentesting"],"imageAlt":"A signed scope document points to a building whose doors are marked app, network and staff, which leads to a report with checked items","lead":"**Penetration testing**, or **pentesting**, is an authorized, simulated attack on an organization's systems. A company hires security specialists, agrees in writing on what they may touch and when, and lets them try to get in the way a real attacker would: through the website, the office Wi-Fi, a forgotten server, or a convincing phone call to the help desk. At the end they deliver a report: what they reached, how, how serious it is, and how to fix it.","analogy":"Paying a locksmith to try to get into your house while you watch, then hand you a list: the back window latch is weak, the spare key under the plant is obvious, the side gate does not lock.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/penetration-testing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/penetration-testing/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Pruebas de penetración","tagline":"Contratar a alguien para que entre a tus sistemas, con permiso, antes que un delincuente.","aliases":["pentest","pentesting","prueba de penetración","test de penetración"],"imageAlt":"Un alcance firmado apunta a un edificio con puertas marcadas app, red y personal, que lleva a un informe con ítems tildados","lead":"Las **pruebas de penetración**, o **pentesting**, son un ataque simulado y autorizado contra los sistemas de una organización. Una empresa contrata especialistas en seguridad, acuerda por escrito qué pueden tocar y cuándo, y los deja intentar entrar como lo haría un atacante real: por el sitio web, por el Wi-Fi de la oficina, por un servidor olvidado o con una llamada convincente a la mesa de ayuda. Al final entregan un informe: a qué llegaron, cómo, qué tan grave es y cómo arreglarlo.","analogy":"Pagarle a un cerrajero para que intente entrar a tu casa mientras mirás, y que después te dé una lista: el pestillo de la ventana de atrás es débil, la llave bajo la maceta es obvia, el portón del costado no cierra.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/penetration-testing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/penetration-testing/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-perplexity","slug":"perplexity","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-perplexity.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Perplexity","tagline":"An AI answer engine that searches the web and replies with a summary and its sources.","aliases":["Perplexity AI"],"imageAlt":"A question goes into an answer engine, which searches several web pages, reads them and writes one answer with numbered sources","lead":"**Perplexity** is an American company founded in 2022 in San Francisco by Aravind Srinivas, Denis Yarats, Johnny Ho and Andy Konwinski. Its product, also called Perplexity, calls itself an **answer engine**: instead of returning a list of blue links like a classic search engine, it returns a written answer to your question.","analogy":"A research assistant who, when you ask a question, goes to the library, skims the relevant books and comes back with a one-page summary that has footnotes on every claim.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/perplexity/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/perplexity/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Perplexity","tagline":"Un motor de respuestas con IA que busca en la web y responde con un resumen y fuentes.","aliases":["Perplexity AI"],"imageAlt":"Una pregunta entra a un motor de respuestas, que busca en varias páginas web, las lee y escribe una sola respuesta con fuentes numeradas","lead":"**Perplexity** es una empresa estadounidense fundada en 2022 en San Francisco por Aravind Srinivas, Denis Yarats, Johnny Ho y Andy Konwinski. Su producto, que también se llama Perplexity, se presenta como un **motor de respuestas**: en vez de devolver una lista de links azules como un buscador clásico, devuelve una respuesta escrita a tu pregunta.","analogy":"Un asistente de investigación que, cuando le hacés una pregunta, va a la biblioteca, hojea los libros que sirven y vuelve con un resumen de una página con notas al pie en cada afirmación.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/perplexity/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/perplexity/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-personal-data-and-gdpr","slug":"personal-data-and-gdpr","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-personal-data-and-gdpr.svg","en":{"title":"Personal data and GDPR","tagline":"Information about you, and the laws that say who can use it and how.","aliases":["GDPR","personal data","data protection law","data protection laws","General Data Protection Regulation"],"imageAlt":"A person's data card with name, email and location goes to a company inside a frame labeled law, with the person's rights listed: see, fix, delete, take","lead":"**Personal data** is any information that identifies a person or can be linked to one: a name, an email, a phone number, an ID number, a home address, but also a photo, a location history, an IP address or the record of what you bought. Some kinds are treated as especially sensitive, like health, religion, political views or biometric data such as fingerprints.","analogy":"Your data is like a key to your house that you lend to a company. The law says they must tell you why they want it, use it only for that, keep it safe, and give it back when you ask.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/personal-data-and-gdpr/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/personal-data-and-gdpr/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Datos personales y RGPD","tagline":"La información sobre vos, y las leyes que dicen quién puede usarla y cómo.","aliases":["RGPD","GDPR","datos personales","ley de protección de datos","leyes de protección de datos","Reglamento General de Protección de Datos"],"imageAlt":"La ficha de datos de una persona con nombre, email y ubicación llega a una empresa dentro de un marco que dice ley, con los derechos de la persona: ver, corregir, borrar, llevar","lead":"Los **datos personales** son cualquier información que identifica a una persona o que se puede vincular con ella: un nombre, un email, un teléfono, un DNI, una dirección, pero también una foto, el historial de ubicaciones, una dirección IP o el registro de lo que compraste. Algunos tipos se consideran especialmente sensibles, como la salud, la religión, las opiniones políticas o los datos biométricos, como las huellas digitales.","analogy":"Tus datos son como una llave de tu casa que le prestás a una empresa. La ley dice que tiene que explicarte para qué la quiere, usarla solo para eso, cuidarla y devolvértela cuando se la pedís.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/personal-data-and-gdpr/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/personal-data-and-gdpr/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-phishing","slug":"phishing","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-phishing.svg","en":{"title":"Phishing","tagline":"A fake message that tricks you into handing over a password or a payment.","aliases":["phishing email","phishing emails","spear phishing","smishing"],"imageAlt":"An urgent message with a fish hook pointing to a look-alike address, next to the real address","lead":"**Phishing** is a message (email, SMS, WhatsApp, a phone call) that pretends to come from someone you trust, such as your bank, a courier, the tax office or your boss, and pushes you to act fast: click a link, log in, pay a small fee, open an attachment. The link goes to a copy of the real site that captures what you type. The attachment installs Malware. Nothing is hacked; you are convinced to open the door yourself.","analogy":"Someone in a convincing uniform knocking at your door, saying they are from the gas company and need to check the meter inside. They never pick the lock; they get you to open it.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/phishing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/phishing/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Phishing","tagline":"Un mensaje falso que te engaña para que entregues una contraseña o un pago.","aliases":["suplantación de identidad","correo de phishing","smishing"],"imageAlt":"Un mensaje urgente con un anzuelo que apunta a una dirección imitación, junto a la dirección real","lead":"El **phishing** es un mensaje (correo, SMS, WhatsApp, una llamada) que finge venir de alguien en quien confiás, como tu banco, un correo postal, la AFIP o tu jefe, y te apura a actuar: hacer clic en un enlace, iniciar sesión, pagar una tasa chica, abrir un adjunto. El enlace lleva a una copia del sitio real que captura lo que escribís. El adjunto instala Malware. Nadie hackea nada; te convencen de abrir la puerta vos.","analogy":"Alguien con un uniforme convincente que toca el timbre, dice que viene de la empresa de gas y necesita revisar el medidor adentro. Nunca fuerza la cerradura; logra que le abras vos.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/phishing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/phishing/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-ping","slug":"ping","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-ping.svg","en":{"title":"Ping","tagline":"A tiny \"are you there?\" message that tests a connection and times the reply.","aliases":["ping time","ping command","ICMP","Internet Control Message Protocol","echo request"],"imageAlt":"A laptop sends an echo request to a server and gets an echo reply back; below, a terminal shows the command ping example.com and a reply time in milliseconds","lead":"**Ping** is the simplest test of a network connection. Your computer sends a tiny message to another machine, basically \"are you there?\", and waits for the echo. If a reply comes back, the other side is reachable, and the time it took, shown in milliseconds, tells you how long a round trip takes. The name comes from the sound of sonar, which works the same way.","analogy":"Shouting \"hello?\" into a cave and listening for the echo. If it comes back, you know something is there, and how long it takes tells you how far away the wall is.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ping/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ping/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Ping","tagline":"Un mensajito de \"¿estás ahí?\" que prueba una conexión y mide cuánto tarda la respuesta.","aliases":["ICMP","comando ping","tiempo de ping","Internet Control Message Protocol"],"imageAlt":"Una notebook le manda un echo request a un servidor y recibe un echo reply de vuelta; abajo, una terminal muestra el comando ping example.com y un tiempo de respuesta en milisegundos","lead":"**Ping** es la prueba más simple de una conexión de red. Tu computadora le manda un mensaje diminuto a otra máquina, básicamente \"¿estás ahí?\", y espera el eco. Si vuelve una respuesta, el otro lado está accesible, y el tiempo que tardó, en milisegundos, te dice cuánto dura un viaje de ida y vuelta. El nombre viene del sonido del sonar, que funciona igual.","analogy":"Gritar \"¿hola?\" en una cueva y esperar el eco. Si vuelve, sabés que ahí hay algo, y lo que tarda te dice qué tan lejos está la pared.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ping/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ping/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-port","slug":"port","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-port.svg","en":{"title":"Port","tagline":"The numbered door on a computer that says which program a connection is for.","aliases":["ports"],"imageAlt":"A server drawn as a building with numbered doors 22, 53, 80 and 443, and a packet arriving at door 443","lead":"An IP address gets a packet to the right computer; a **port** gets it to the right program on that computer. It is a number from 0 to 65535 that both TCP and UDP attach to every packet, next to the address. A server listens on a port, and anything arriving there is handed to the program behind it: a web server, a database, a mail server.","analogy":"An office building with one street address and many numbered doors. The mail arrives at the building (the IP address) and the number on the envelope (the port) says which office gets it.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/port/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/port/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Puerto","tagline":"La puerta numerada de una computadora que dice a qué programa va una conexión.","aliases":["puertos"],"imageAlt":"Un servidor dibujado como un edificio con puertas numeradas 22, 53, 80 y 443, y un paquete llegando a la puerta 443","lead":"Una dirección IP lleva un paquete hasta la computadora correcta; un **puerto** lo lleva hasta el programa correcto dentro de esa computadora. Es un número de 0 a 65535 que tanto TCP como UDP agregan a cada paquete, al lado de la dirección. Un servidor escucha en un puerto, y todo lo que llega ahí se le entrega al programa que está detrás: un servidor web, una base de datos, un servidor de mail.","analogy":"Un edificio de oficinas con una sola dirección y muchas puertas numeradas. El correo llega al edificio (la dirección IP) y el número en el sobre (el puerto) dice a qué oficina va.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/port/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/port/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-primary-and-foreign-keys","slug":"primary-and-foreign-keys","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-primary-and-foreign-keys.svg","en":{"title":"Primary and foreign keys","tagline":"A primary key names each row uniquely; a foreign key points to a row in another table.","aliases":["primary key","primary keys","foreign key","foreign keys"],"imageAlt":"A customers table with a highlighted id column, and an orders table whose customer_id column points back to it with arrows","lead":"In a relational database, a **primary key** is the column (or set of columns) that identifies each row uniquely. In a `customers` table it is usually an `id`: customer 42 is always that customer and no one else, even if two people share the same name. The database refuses a second row with the same primary key and does not allow it to be empty.","analogy":"A national ID number is a primary key: one per person, never repeated. When a hospital file writes your ID number instead of copying your whole life story, that number is a foreign key pointing back to you.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/primary-and-foreign-keys/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/primary-and-foreign-keys/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Claves primarias y foráneas","tagline":"La clave primaria identifica cada fila; la foránea apunta a una fila de otra tabla.","aliases":["clave primaria","claves primarias","clave foránea","claves foráneas","primary key","foreign key"],"imageAlt":"Una tabla customers con la columna id resaltada, y una tabla orders cuya columna customer_id apunta hacia ella con flechas","lead":"En una base de datos relacional, la **clave primaria** (primary key) es la columna, o el conjunto de columnas, que identifica cada fila de forma única. En una tabla `customers` suele ser un `id`: el cliente 42 es siempre ese cliente y ningún otro, aunque haya dos personas con el mismo nombre. La base rechaza una segunda fila con la misma clave primaria y no deja que quede vacía.","analogy":"El número de DNI es una clave primaria: uno por persona, nunca repetido. Cuando la historia clínica de un hospital anota tu DNI en vez de copiar toda tu vida, ese número es una clave foránea que apunta a vos.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/primary-and-foreign-keys/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/primary-and-foreign-keys/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-process-node","slug":"process-node","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-process-node.svg","en":{"title":"Process node","tagline":"The name of a generation of chip manufacturing, like \"3 nm\". A label, not a size.","aliases":["process nodes","manufacturing node","manufacturing nodes","technology node","transistor density"],"imageAlt":"Three chips of the same size labeled \"7 nm\", \"5 nm\" and \"3 nm\" hold 4, 9 and 16 transistor blocks, showing more packed into the same area","lead":"A **process node** is the name a chipmaker gives to one generation of its manufacturing technology: \"7 nm\", \"5 nm\", \"3 nm\" and so on. Each new node packs transistors more tightly, so a chip of the same size can hold more of them, run faster or use less power, usually some mix of the three. Companies like TSMC, Samsung and Intel compete hard to reach the next node first, and phone and computer makers advertise which node their chips are built on.","analogy":"Like clothing sizes. A \"medium\" from one brand is not the same as a \"medium\" from another, and neither is a measurement you could check with a tape. The label tells you where the item sits in the range, not its actual dimensions.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/process-node/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/process-node/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Nodo de proceso","tagline":"El nombre de una generación de chips, como \"3 nm\". Es una etiqueta, no un tamaño.","aliases":["nodos de proceso","nodo de fabricación","nodos de fabricación","process node","densidad de transistores"],"imageAlt":"Tres chips del mismo tamaño con las etiquetas \"7 nm\", \"5 nm\" y \"3 nm\" contienen 4, 9 y 16 bloques de transistores: cada vez entra más en la misma superficie","lead":"Un **nodo de proceso** es el nombre que un fabricante de chips le pone a una generación de su tecnología de fabricación: \"7 nm\", \"5 nm\", \"3 nm\", etcétera. Cada nodo nuevo acomoda los transistores más apretados, así que un chip del mismo tamaño puede tener más, andar más rápido o gastar menos energía, casi siempre una mezcla de las tres cosas. Empresas como TSMC, Samsung e Intel compiten fuerte por llegar primero al nodo siguiente, y las marcas de celulares y computadoras anuncian en qué nodo están hechos sus chips.","analogy":"Como los talles de ropa. Un \"M\" de una marca no es igual a un \"M\" de otra, y ninguno es una medida que puedas chequear con un centímetro. La etiqueta te dice en qué lugar del rango está la prenda, no cuánto mide.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/process-node/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/process-node/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-programming-language","slug":"programming-language","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-programming-language.svg","en":{"title":"Programming language","tagline":"A precise, written language people use to give instructions to a computer.","aliases":["programming languages","coding language","coding languages"],"imageAlt":"A few readable lines of code on the left are translated into rows of ones and zeros that the computer runs","lead":"A **programming language** is a set of words, symbols and rules for writing instructions that a computer can follow. Computers only understand very simple operations expressed as numbers; a language like Python or JavaScript lets a person write `if total > 100: apply_discount()` instead, and a tool translates that into something the machine can run.","analogy":"A recipe written for a cook who follows it literally and has no common sense. \"A pinch of salt\" will not do; you must say how many grams, in which bowl, at which step.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/programming-language/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/programming-language/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Lenguaje de programación","tagline":"Un idioma escrito y preciso que usamos para darle instrucciones a una computadora.","aliases":["lenguajes de programación"],"imageAlt":"Unas líneas de código legibles a la izquierda se traducen en filas de unos y ceros que la computadora ejecuta","lead":"Un **lenguaje de programación** es un conjunto de palabras, símbolos y reglas para escribir instrucciones que una computadora puede seguir. Las computadoras solo entienden operaciones muy simples expresadas como números; un lenguaje como Python o JavaScript te deja escribir `if total > 100: aplicar_descuento()`, y una herramienta lo traduce a algo que la máquina puede ejecutar.","analogy":"Una receta escrita para un cocinero que la sigue al pie de la letra y no tiene sentido común. \"Una pizca de sal\" no sirve: tenés que decirle cuántos gramos, en qué bol y en qué paso.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/programming-language/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/programming-language/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-prompt","slug":"prompt","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-prompt.svg","en":{"title":"Prompt","tagline":"Everything you send to an AI model: the question, the instructions, the context.","aliases":["prompts"],"imageAlt":"A message made of three stacked parts, instructions, context and question, going into a model that returns an answer","lead":"A **prompt** is everything you send to an LLM before it answers: your question, any instructions ('answer in three bullet points'), examples of what you want, and material to work with (an email to summarize, a table to read). The model has no memory of you beyond what is in the prompt, so for that request the prompt is its whole world.","analogy":"Briefing a very capable new colleague who has read everything but knows nothing about you or today's task. The clearer the brief, the better the work.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/prompt/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/prompt/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Prompt","tagline":"Todo lo que le mandás a un modelo de IA: la pregunta, las instrucciones, el contexto.","aliases":["prompts"],"imageAlt":"Un mensaje hecho de tres partes apiladas, instrucciones, contexto y pregunta, que entra a un modelo y vuelve como respuesta","lead":"Un **prompt** es todo lo que le mandás a un LLM antes de que responda: tu pregunta, las instrucciones que le des ('contestá en tres puntos'), ejemplos de lo que querés y el material con el que tiene que trabajar (un mail para resumir, una tabla para leer). El modelo no se acuerda de vos más allá de lo que hay en el prompt, así que para ese pedido el prompt es todo su mundo.","analogy":"Darle instrucciones a un colega nuevo muy capaz que leyó de todo pero no sabe nada de vos ni de la tarea de hoy. Cuanto más claro el pedido, mejor el trabajo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/prompt/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/prompt/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-prompt-engineering","slug":"prompt-engineering","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-prompt-engineering.svg","en":{"title":"Prompt engineering","tagline":"Writing instructions for an AI model so it gives you what you actually need.","aliases":["prompt engineer","prompt engineers","prompting"],"imageAlt":"A vague one-line prompt gives a generic answer, while a prompt built from goal, context, example and format blocks gives an answer on target","lead":"**Prompt engineering** is the practice of writing the instructions you give an AI model (the prompt) so that it does the job well. The same model can give a bland, generic answer or a sharp, useful one depending on how it was asked. 'Engineering' sounds grand; most of it is clear writing plus some trial and error.","analogy":"Like ordering at a tailor instead of a clothing rack: 'a suit' gets you something generic, but your measurements, the occasion and a photo of a cut you like get you something that fits.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/prompt-engineering/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/prompt-engineering/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Ingeniería de prompts","tagline":"Escribir instrucciones para un modelo de IA de forma que te dé lo que necesitás.","aliases":["prompt engineering","ingeniería de instrucciones"],"imageAlt":"Un prompt vago de una línea da una respuesta genérica, mientras que un prompt armado con bloques de objetivo, contexto, ejemplo y formato da una respuesta justa","lead":"La **ingeniería de prompts** (prompt engineering) es la práctica de escribir las instrucciones que le das a un modelo de IA (el prompt) para que haga bien el trabajo. El mismo modelo puede darte una respuesta sosa y genérica o una precisa y útil según cómo se lo pidas. 'Ingeniería' suena pomposo; en su mayor parte es escribir con claridad y probar.","analogy":"Es como ir al sastre en vez de comprar de la percha: 'un traje' te consigue algo genérico, pero tus medidas, la ocasión y una foto del corte que te gusta te consiguen algo que te queda bien.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/prompt-engineering/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/prompt-engineering/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-proxy","slug":"proxy","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["networks","security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-proxy.svg","en":{"title":"Proxy","tagline":"A middleman computer that makes requests on someone else's behalf.","aliases":["proxies","proxy server","proxy servers","reverse proxy","forward proxy"],"imageAlt":"Top row: you, a proxy and a website, with the proxy asking on your behalf. Bottom row: visitors reach a proxy that answers for three servers behind it","lead":"A **proxy** is a server that sits between two parties and passes messages along. Instead of your browser talking to a website directly, it asks the proxy, the proxy asks the website, and the answer comes back the same way. To the website, the visitor is the proxy: it sees the proxy's IP address, not yours.","analogy":"Asking a friend to buy something for you at a shop. The shop only sees your friend, and your friend knows exactly what you bought.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/proxy/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/proxy/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Proxy","tagline":"Una computadora intermediaria que hace pedidos en nombre de otro.","aliases":["proxies","servidor proxy","servidores proxy","proxy inverso","reverse proxy"],"imageAlt":"Arriba: vos, un proxy y un sitio web, con el proxy pidiendo en tu nombre. Abajo: los visitantes llegan a un proxy que responde por tres servidores que tiene detrás","lead":"Un **proxy** es un servidor que se para entre dos partes y pasa los mensajes. En lugar de que tu navegador hable directo con un sitio web, le pide al proxy, el proxy le pide al sitio, y la respuesta vuelve por el mismo camino. Para el sitio, el visitante es el proxy: ve la dirección IP del proxy, no la tuya.","analogy":"Pedirle a un amigo que te compre algo en un negocio. El negocio solo ve a tu amigo, y tu amigo sabe exactamente qué compraste.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/proxy/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/proxy/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-public-key-cryptography","slug":"public-key-cryptography","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-public-key-cryptography.svg","en":{"title":"Public-key cryptography","tagline":"Two linked keys: one you share with everyone to lock, one you keep to unlock.","aliases":["asymmetric encryption","public key","private key","key pair","digital signature"],"imageAlt":"A mailbox with a slot anyone can drop a letter into, and a single private key that opens it","lead":"**Public-key cryptography** uses a mathematically linked **key pair**. What the **public key** locks, only the **private key** opens, and the public key cannot be used to work out the private one. So you can publish your public key anywhere, and anyone can send you something only you can read. The older kind, symmetric encryption, uses one shared key for both directions, which leaves a hard problem: how do two strangers agree on a secret over a network everyone can listen to?","analogy":"A mailbox with a slot. Anyone can drop a letter in (the public key), but only the owner's key opens the door (the private key). A signature is the reverse: a wax seal only you can press, which anyone can recognize.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/public-key-cryptography/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/public-key-cryptography/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Criptografía de clave pública","tagline":"Dos claves ligadas: una que compartís con todos para cerrar, otra que guardás para abrir.","aliases":["criptografía asimétrica","clave pública","clave privada","par de claves","firma digital"],"imageAlt":"Un buzón con una ranura por la que cualquiera puede meter una carta, y una única llave privada que lo abre","lead":"La **criptografía de clave pública** usa un **par de claves** ligadas matemáticamente. Lo que cierra la **clave pública** solo lo abre la **clave privada**, y la pública no sirve para deducir la privada. Entonces podés publicar tu clave pública donde quieras, y cualquiera puede mandarte algo que solo vos podés leer. La variante más vieja, el cifrado simétrico, usa una sola clave compartida para los dos sentidos, lo que deja un problema difícil: ¿cómo acuerdan un secreto dos desconocidos sobre una red que todos pueden escuchar?","analogy":"Un buzón con ranura. Cualquiera puede meter una carta (la clave pública), pero solo la llave del dueño abre la puertita (la clave privada). La firma es al revés: un sello de lacre que solo vos podés estampar y cualquiera puede reconocer.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/public-key-cryptography/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/public-key-cryptography/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-python","slug":"python","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-python.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Python","tagline":"A popular programming language known for being easy to read and quick to write.","aliases":["Python 3"],"imageAlt":"A short Python program that reads like plain English, surrounded by what it is used for: data, AI, scripts and the web","lead":"**Python** is a general-purpose programming language created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991. Its main idea is that code is read far more often than it is written, so it should look clean: a Python program uses plain words like `for`, `in` and `if`, and indentation (the spaces at the start of a line) to show which lines belong together.","analogy":"A well-written instruction manual with big headings and clear indentation: you can tell at a glance which steps belong to which section, even if you did not write it.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/python/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/python/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Python","tagline":"Un lenguaje de programación muy usado, conocido por ser fácil de leer y de escribir.","aliases":["Python 3"],"imageAlt":"Un programa corto en Python que se lee casi como inglés, rodeado de sus usos: datos, IA, scripts y la web","lead":"**Python** es un lenguaje de programación de uso general creado por Guido van Rossum y publicado por primera vez en 1991. Su idea central es que el código se lee muchas más veces de las que se escribe, así que tiene que verse prolijo: un programa en Python usa palabras simples como `for`, `in` e `if`, y la indentación (los espacios al principio de cada línea) para mostrar qué líneas van juntas.","analogy":"Un manual de instrucciones bien escrito, con títulos grandes y sangrías claras: de un vistazo ves qué pasos van en qué sección, aunque no lo hayas escrito vos.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/python/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/python/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-qr-code","slug":"qr-code","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-qr-code.svg","en":{"title":"QR code","tagline":"A square pattern of dots that a phone camera reads, usually to open a link.","aliases":["QR codes"],"imageAlt":"A QR code with its three corner squares, scanned by a phone that shows the link before opening it; next to it, a fake sticker pasted over a real code","lead":"A **QR code** (\"quick response\") is a two-dimensional barcode: a square grid of black and white modules that stores text, most often a web address. It was invented in 1994 by Masahiro Hara at Denso Wave, a Japanese company of the Toyota group, to track car parts in factories. Denso Wave holds the patent but chose not to enforce it, so anyone can create and read QR codes for free, which helped them spread everywhere.","analogy":"A sealed envelope with an address written in a language only phones can read. Convenient, but if someone swaps the envelope, you won't notice until you've already gone to the wrong place.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/qr-code/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/qr-code/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Código QR","tagline":"Un cuadrado de puntitos que lee la cámara del celular, casi siempre para abrir un link.","aliases":["códigos QR"],"imageAlt":"Un código QR con sus tres cuadrados en las esquinas, escaneado por un celular que muestra el link antes de abrirlo; al lado, un sticker falso pegado sobre un código real","lead":"Un **código QR** (\"quick response\", respuesta rápida) es un código de barras en dos dimensiones: una grilla cuadrada de módulos blancos y negros que guarda texto, casi siempre una dirección web. Lo inventó en 1994 Masahiro Hara en Denso Wave, una empresa japonesa del grupo Toyota, para seguir piezas de autos en las fábricas. Denso Wave tiene la patente pero decidió no hacerla valer, así que cualquiera puede crear y leer códigos QR gratis, y eso ayudó a que se usen en todos lados.","analogy":"Un sobre cerrado con una dirección escrita en un idioma que solo leen los celulares. Es cómodo, pero si alguien cambia el sobre, no te das cuenta hasta que ya fuiste al lugar equivocado.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/qr-code/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/qr-code/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-qualcomm","slug":"qualcomm","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-qualcomm.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Qualcomm","tagline":"Designs the chips, and owns key patents, that let phones talk to cell towers.","aliases":["Snapdragon"],"imageAlt":"Two income streams: a Snapdragon chip with CPU, GPU and modem goes into phones, and patent licenses on wireless standards bring royalties from phone makers","lead":"**Qualcomm** is an American company founded in 1985 in San Diego by Irwin Jacobs and partners. It became known for CDMA, a way of sharing radio frequencies among many phones at once, which ended up at the heart of 3G networks. Since then it has been one of the main inventors behind each generation of mobile technology, 4G and 5G included.","analogy":"A company that both builds car engines and owns the patent on the wheel. Some carmakers buy its engines; nearly all of them pay it something for the wheels.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/qualcomm/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/qualcomm/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Qualcomm","tagline":"Diseña chips y tiene patentes clave para que los celulares hablen con las antenas.","aliases":["Snapdragon"],"imageAlt":"Dos fuentes de ingresos: un chip Snapdragon con CPU, GPU y módem va adentro de los celulares, y las licencias de patentes de estándares inalámbricos traen regalías de los fabricantes","lead":"**Qualcomm** es una empresa estadounidense fundada en 1985 en San Diego por Irwin Jacobs y sus socios. Se hizo conocida por CDMA, una forma de compartir las frecuencias de radio entre muchos celulares a la vez, que terminó en el corazón de las redes 3G. Desde entonces es uno de los principales inventores detrás de cada generación de tecnología móvil, 4G y 5G incluidas.","analogy":"Una empresa que fabrica motores de autos y además tiene la patente de la rueda. Algunas automotrices le compran los motores; casi todas le pagan algo por las ruedas.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/qualcomm/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/qualcomm/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-quantum-computer","slug":"quantum-computer","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-quantum-computer.svg","en":{"title":"Quantum computer","tagline":"A machine that uses quantum physics for a few specific problems. Not a faster PC.","aliases":["quantum computers","quantum computing","qubit","qubits","post-quantum cryptography"],"imageAlt":"A normal bit shown as a switch that is either 0 or 1, a qubit drawn as a sphere with an arrow between 0 and 1, and a measurement that turns it into a plain 0 or 1","lead":"A **quantum computer** stores information in **qubits** instead of ordinary bits. A normal bit is either 0 or 1. A qubit can be in a **superposition**, a blend of both, and several qubits can be **entangled**, so their states are linked. A quantum algorithm arranges those states so that, when the qubits are finally measured, wrong answers tend to cancel each other out and the right one is likely to appear. It does not \"try every answer at once\", as is often said; it relies on a very particular kind of interference.","analogy":"Less a faster car than a submarine. For most trips it is useless and expensive, but for a few places nothing else can reach, it is the only vehicle that works.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/quantum-computer/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/quantum-computer/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Computadora cuántica","tagline":"Una máquina que usa la física cuántica para pocos problemas. No es una PC más rápida.","aliases":["computadoras cuánticas","computación cuántica","ordenador cuántico","ordenadores cuánticos","cúbit","cúbits","qubit","qubits","criptografía poscuántica"],"imageAlt":"Un bit normal dibujado como una llave que está en 0 o en 1, un qubit dibujado como una esfera con una flecha entre 0 y 1, y una medición que lo convierte en un 0 o un 1 común","lead":"Una **computadora cuántica** guarda la información en **qubits** (o cúbits) en lugar de bits comunes. Un bit normal vale 0 o 1. Un qubit puede estar en **superposición**, una mezcla de los dos, y varios qubits pueden estar **entrelazados**, con sus estados vinculados. Un algoritmo cuántico acomoda esos estados para que, cuando al final se miden los qubits, las respuestas equivocadas tiendan a anularse entre sí y la correcta tenga más chances de aparecer. No \"prueba todas las respuestas a la vez\", como se suele decir; se apoya en un tipo muy particular de interferencia.","analogy":"Más que un auto más rápido, es un submarino. Para la mayoría de los viajes es inútil y caro, pero para los pocos lugares adonde nada más llega, es el único vehículo que sirve.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/quantum-computer/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/quantum-computer/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-rag","slug":"rag","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-rag.svg","en":{"title":"RAG","tagline":"Let the model look things up in your documents before it answers.","aliases":["retrieval-augmented generation","Retrieval-Augmented Generation"],"imageAlt":"A question goes to a search step over a stack of documents, the matching pages are attached to the question, and an LLM answers with a citation","lead":"**RAG** (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) is a way to make an LLM answer from documents it never saw during training: your company's manuals, last week's contracts, a product catalog. Instead of retraining the model, you fetch the relevant pages at question time and paste them into the prompt. The model then writes its answer with those pages in front of it.","analogy":"An open-book exam. The student (the model) is smart but did not memorize your files; you hand them the three relevant pages and they answer from those.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/rag/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/rag/index.md"},"es":{"title":"RAG","tagline":"Dejar que el modelo busque en tus documentos antes de responder.","aliases":["generación aumentada por recuperación"],"imageAlt":"Una pregunta pasa por una búsqueda sobre una pila de documentos, las páginas que coinciden se pegan a la pregunta y un LLM responde con una cita","lead":"**RAG** (Retrieval-Augmented Generation, generación aumentada por recuperación) es una forma de hacer que un LLM responda a partir de documentos que nunca vio durante el entrenamiento: los manuales de tu empresa, los contratos de la semana pasada, un catálogo de productos. En vez de reentrenar el modelo, buscás las páginas relevantes en el momento de la pregunta y las pegás en el prompt. El modelo escribe su respuesta con esas páginas adelante.","analogy":"Un examen a libro abierto. El alumno (el modelo) es inteligente pero no se memorizó tus archivos; le alcanzás las tres páginas que importan y responde con esas.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/rag/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/rag/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-ram","slug":"ram","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-ram.svg","en":{"title":"RAM","tagline":"The computer's short-term memory: fast, small and wiped when you turn it off.","aliases":["random access memory"],"imageAlt":"Three boxes from fast and small to slow and big, CPU, RAM and SSD, with a power switch showing that RAM empties when off","lead":"**RAM** (Random Access Memory) is where a computer keeps whatever it is working on right now: the open programs, the document you are editing, the browser tabs. The CPU can read and write any part of it in nanoseconds, far faster than an SSD. The catch is that it is volatile: cut the power and everything in it is gone, which is why you save files to disk.","analogy":"Your desk versus your filing cabinet. The desk (RAM) holds the papers you are working on, within reach; the cabinet (SSD) holds everything else. A bigger desk lets you work on more things at once, and when you leave, the desk is cleared.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ram/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ram/index.md"},"es":{"title":"RAM","tagline":"La memoria de corto plazo de la computadora: rápida, chica y se borra al apagar.","aliases":["memoria RAM"],"imageAlt":"Tres cajas de rápida y chica a lenta y grande, CPU, RAM y SSD, con un interruptor que muestra que la RAM se vacía al apagar","lead":"La **RAM** (Random Access Memory, memoria de acceso aleatorio) es donde la computadora guarda lo que está usando en este momento: los programas abiertos, el documento que estás editando, las pestañas del navegador. La CPU puede leer y escribir cualquier parte en nanosegundos, muchísimo más rápido que un SSD. La trampa es que es volátil: cortás la energía y se pierde todo lo que había, por eso guardás los archivos en el disco.","analogy":"Tu escritorio contra tu archivero. El escritorio (RAM) tiene los papeles en los que estás trabajando, a mano; el archivero (SSD) guarda todo lo demás. Un escritorio más grande te deja trabajar en más cosas a la vez, y cuando te vas, el escritorio se vacía.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ram/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ram/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-raspberry-pi","slug":"raspberry-pi","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-raspberry-pi.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Raspberry Pi","tagline":"A cheap, credit-card-sized computer made for learning and tinkering.","aliases":["Raspberry Pis","Raspberry Pi Foundation"],"imageAlt":"A small green circuit board with a row of GPIO pins along the top, a CPU chip in the middle, a memory card slot and USB and network ports on the side","lead":"A **Raspberry Pi** is a small, inexpensive computer built on a single board about the size of a credit card. It has a processor, memory, USB ports, a video output and a row of pins for connecting electronics. Add a power supply, a microSD card with an operating system (usually a version of Linux), a keyboard and a screen, and it works as a basic desktop computer.","analogy":"A box of LEGO for computing. It is a real computer, but small and cheap enough that you can wire it to things, take it apart and get it wrong without worrying.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/raspberry-pi/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/raspberry-pi/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Raspberry Pi","tagline":"Una computadora barata del tamaño de una tarjeta de crédito, hecha para aprender.","aliases":["Raspberry Pi Foundation","Fundación Raspberry Pi"],"imageAlt":"Una placa verde chica con una fila de pines GPIO arriba, un chip CPU en el medio, una ranura para tarjeta de memoria y puertos USB y de red al costado","lead":"Una **Raspberry Pi** es una computadora chica y barata armada sobre una sola placa del tamaño de una tarjeta de crédito. Tiene procesador, memoria, puertos USB, salida de video y una fila de pines para conectar electrónica. Le sumás una fuente de alimentación, una tarjeta microSD con un sistema operativo (casi siempre una versión de Linux), un teclado y una pantalla, y funciona como una computadora de escritorio básica.","analogy":"Una caja de LEGO para la computación. Es una computadora de verdad, pero tan chica y barata que podés conectarla a cosas, desarmarla y equivocarte sin preocuparte.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/raspberry-pi/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/raspberry-pi/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-refactoring","slug":"refactoring","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-refactoring.svg","en":{"title":"Refactoring","tagline":"Reorganizing code to make it clearer, without changing what it does.","aliases":["refactor","refactors","refactored","refactoring code"],"imageAlt":"A tangled block of code becomes three small named functions, while the same input keeps producing the same output and the tests stay green","lead":"**Refactoring** means changing the internal structure of code without changing its behavior. From the outside nothing is different: same screens, same results, same bugs, even. Inside, the code becomes easier to read and to change. Typical moves are giving a variable a clearer name, splitting a 300-line function into small ones with meaningful names, removing duplicated code, or moving a piece to where it logically belongs.","analogy":"Like reorganizing a kitchen: same pots, same recipes, same meals come out. But now the spices are labeled and next to the stove, so cooking tomorrow is faster and fewer things get spilled.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/refactoring/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/refactoring/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Refactoring","tagline":"Reorganizar código para que sea más claro, sin cambiar lo que hace.","aliases":["refactorización","refactorizar","refactorizado","refactor","refactorear"],"imageAlt":"Un bloque de código enredado se convierte en tres funciones chicas con nombre, mientras la misma entrada sigue dando la misma salida y los tests siguen en verde","lead":"El **refactoring** (o refactorización) es cambiar la estructura interna del código sin cambiar su comportamiento. Desde afuera no se nota nada: mismas pantallas, mismos resultados, hasta los mismos bugs. Por dentro, el código queda más fácil de leer y de modificar. Movidas típicas son darle a una variable un nombre más claro, partir una función de 300 líneas en varias chicas con nombres que se entiendan, sacar código duplicado o mover una pieza a donde corresponde.","analogy":"Como reorganizar una cocina: mismas ollas, mismas recetas, salen los mismos platos. Pero ahora las especias están etiquetadas y al lado de la hornalla, así que mañana cocinás más rápido y se te vuelcan menos cosas.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/refactoring/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/refactoring/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-regex","slug":"regex","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-regex.svg","en":{"title":"Regex","tagline":"A compact pattern language for finding and checking pieces of text.","aliases":["regular expression","regular expressions","regexes","regexp","regexps"],"imageAlt":"A regex pattern for dates is laid over a paragraph of text, and the two dates in it are highlighted as matches","lead":"A **regex** (regular expression) is a short pattern that describes a shape of text, so a program can find every piece of text with that shape. Instead of searching for one exact word, you describe what you want: \"four digits, a dash, two digits\". In regex that is written `\\d{4}-\\d{2}`, where `\\d` means any digit and `{4}` means exactly four of the previous thing.","analogy":"Searching a phone book not for a name but for a description: \"every surname that starts with Mac, followed by any letters, ending in -son\". The regex is that description written in a tiny, strict shorthand.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/regex/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/regex/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Regex","tagline":"Un lenguaje de patrones compacto para encontrar y validar pedazos de texto.","aliases":["expresión regular","expresiones regulares","regexes","regexp"],"imageAlt":"Un patrón regex para fechas aplicado sobre un párrafo de texto, con las dos fechas que contiene resaltadas como coincidencias","lead":"Una **regex** (expresión regular) es un patrón corto que describe una forma de texto, para que un programa encuentre todos los pedazos que tengan esa forma. En vez de buscar una palabra exacta, describís lo que querés: \"cuatro dígitos, un guion, dos dígitos\". En regex eso se escribe `\\d{4}-\\d{2}`, donde `\\d` significa cualquier dígito y `{4}` significa exactamente cuatro de lo anterior.","analogy":"Buscar en una guía telefónica no por un nombre sino por una descripción: \"todos los apellidos que empiezan con Mac, siguen con cualquier letra y terminan en -son\". La regex es esa descripción escrita en una taquigrafía mínima y estricta.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/regex/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/regex/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-regions-and-availability-zones","slug":"regions-and-availability-zones","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["aws"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-regions-and-availability-zones.svg","en":{"title":"Regions and Availability Zones","tagline":"Where AWS physically lives: cities worldwide, each split into separate data centers.","aliases":["Region","Regions","Availability Zone","Availability Zones","AZ","AZs"],"imageAlt":"A large Region box holding three separate zone buildings, and a second Region far away","lead":"A **Region** is a geographic area where AWS has built its infrastructure: Northern Virginia, São Paulo, Frankfurt, Tokyo and a few dozen more. Each Region is independent from the others. When you create something in AWS (a bucket in Amazon S3, a server in Amazon EC2) you pick the Region it lives in, and it stays there unless you copy it somewhere else.","analogy":"A supermarket chain. A Region is a city where the chain operates; each Availability Zone is a separate store in that city with its own stock and its own generator. If one store loses power, customers still shop at the other two.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/regions-and-availability-zones/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/regions-and-availability-zones/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Regiones y zonas de disponibilidad","tagline":"Dónde vive AWS físicamente: ciudades del mundo, cada una con varios centros de datos.","aliases":["Región","Regiones","zona de disponibilidad","zonas de disponibilidad","AZ","AZs"],"imageAlt":"Una caja grande de Región con tres edificios de zona separados, y una segunda Región lejos","lead":"Una **Región** es un área geográfica donde AWS construyó su infraestructura: Virginia del Norte, San Pablo, Frankfurt, Tokio y unas cuantas decenas más. Cada Región es independiente de las otras. Cuando creás algo en AWS (un bucket en Amazon S3, un servidor en Amazon EC2) elegís en qué Región vive, y ahí se queda salvo que lo copies a otro lado.","analogy":"Una cadena de supermercados. Una Región es una ciudad donde la cadena opera; cada zona de disponibilidad es una sucursal distinta de esa ciudad con su propio stock y su propio generador. Si una sucursal se queda sin luz, la gente sigue comprando en las otras dos.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/regions-and-availability-zones/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/regions-and-availability-zones/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-reinforcement-learning","slug":"reinforcement-learning","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-reinforcement-learning.svg","en":{"title":"Reinforcement learning","tagline":"Learning by trial and error, guided by rewards for good outcomes.","aliases":["RL","RLHF","reinforcement learning from human feedback"],"imageAlt":"A loop between an agent and an environment: the agent sends an action, the environment sends back a new state and a reward","lead":"**Reinforcement learning** (RL) is a way of training AI where nobody shows the system the right answers. Instead, an **agent** acts in some environment (a game, a simulation, a conversation), gets a **reward** when things go well and a penalty when they go badly, and gradually learns which actions lead to more reward. It is trial and error, repeated millions of times.","analogy":"Like training a dog with treats. You never explain the rule; you reward the behavior you want, and the dog figures out what earns the treat. If you reward the wrong thing by accident, it will learn that instead.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/reinforcement-learning/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/reinforcement-learning/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Aprendizaje por refuerzo","tagline":"Aprender por prueba y error, guiado por recompensas cuando algo sale bien.","aliases":["RL","RLHF","reinforcement learning","aprendizaje por refuerzo con retroalimentación humana"],"imageAlt":"Un ciclo entre un agente y un entorno: el agente manda una acción y el entorno le devuelve un estado nuevo y una recompensa","lead":"El **aprendizaje por refuerzo** (reinforcement learning, RL) es una forma de entrenar IA en la que nadie le muestra al sistema las respuestas correctas. En cambio, un **agente** actúa en algún entorno (un juego, una simulación, una conversación), recibe una **recompensa** cuando las cosas salen bien y una penalización cuando salen mal, y de a poco aprende qué acciones le dan más recompensa. Es prueba y error, repetido millones de veces.","analogy":"Es como entrenar a un perro con premios. Nunca le explicás la regla; premiás la conducta que buscás y el perro descubre qué le da el premio. Si sin querer premiás otra cosa, va a aprender eso.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/reinforcement-learning/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/reinforcement-learning/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-rest-api","slug":"rest-api","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-rest-api.svg","en":{"title":"REST API","tagline":"The most common style of web API: things have URLs and you act on them with HTTP verbs.","aliases":["REST","REST APIs","RESTful","RESTful API","RESTful APIs"],"imageAlt":"An app sends GET, POST, PUT and DELETE requests to URLs like /orders/42, and the server answers with JSON and a status code","lead":"A **REST API** is an API designed around a simple idea: everything the system knows about is a **resource** with its own URL, and you use the standard verbs of HTTP to act on it. `GET /orders/42` reads order 42, `POST /orders` creates a new one, `PUT /orders/42` replaces it and `DELETE /orders/42` removes it. The answer usually comes back as JSON.","analogy":"Like a well-organized library where every book has a fixed shelf address and there are only a few allowed actions: look at it, add one, replace one, remove one. Anyone who knows the rules can find their way around.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/rest-api/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/rest-api/index.md"},"es":{"title":"API REST","tagline":"El estilo de API web más común: cada cosa tiene una URL y la manejás con verbos HTTP.","aliases":["REST","APIs REST","REST API","RESTful","API RESTful"],"imageAlt":"Una app manda pedidos GET, POST, PUT y DELETE a URLs como /orders/42, y el servidor responde con JSON y un código de estado","lead":"Una **API REST** es una API diseñada alrededor de una idea simple: todo lo que el sistema conoce es un **recurso** con su propia URL, y usás los verbos estándar de HTTP para actuar sobre él. `GET /orders/42` lee el pedido 42, `POST /orders` crea uno nuevo, `PUT /orders/42` lo reemplaza y `DELETE /orders/42` lo borra. La respuesta suele volver en JSON.","analogy":"Como una biblioteca bien ordenada donde cada libro tiene una dirección fija en el estante y hay pocas acciones permitidas: mirarlo, agregar uno, reemplazarlo, sacarlo. Cualquiera que sepa las reglas se orienta.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/rest-api/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/rest-api/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-router","slug":"router","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-router.svg","en":{"title":"Router","tagline":"The box that connects your devices to each other and to the internet.","aliases":["routers"],"imageAlt":"A phone, a laptop and a TV connected to a router with antennas, which connects to a cloud labeled internet","lead":"A **router** is a device that passes data between networks. The one at home connects your local network (phones, laptop, TV) to your internet provider's network, and from there to the rest of the world. Big routers at providers and data centers do the same job between huge networks, millions of times per second.","analogy":"A roundabout with signposts. Each car arriving reads the sign for its destination and takes the right exit; the roundabout does not need to know the whole trip, only the next road.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/router/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/router/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Router","tagline":"La cajita que conecta tus dispositivos entre sí y con internet.","aliases":["routers"],"imageAlt":"Un celular, una notebook y una tele conectados a un router con antenas, que a su vez se conecta a una nube llamada internet","lead":"Un **router** es un dispositivo que pasa datos entre redes. El de tu casa conecta tu red local (celulares, notebook, tele) con la red de tu proveedor de internet, y desde ahí con el resto del mundo. Los routers grandes de los proveedores y los data centers hacen el mismo trabajo entre redes enormes, millones de veces por segundo.","analogy":"Una rotonda con carteles. Cada auto que llega lee el cartel de su destino y toma la salida correcta; la rotonda no necesita conocer el viaje entero, solo la próxima ruta.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/router/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/router/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-saas-paas-iaas","slug":"saas-paas-iaas","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-saas-paas-iaas.svg","en":{"title":"SaaS, PaaS and IaaS","tagline":"Three ways to rent computing, depending on how much of the work you hand over.","aliases":["SaaS","PaaS","IaaS","software as a service","platform as a service","infrastructure as a service"],"imageAlt":"Three stacks of the same layers, from hardware up to the app; the provider manages more layers in each one, from IaaS to PaaS to SaaS","lead":"Cloud computing is usually sold in three layers, depending on how much the provider takes care of. With **IaaS** (infrastructure as a service) you rent the raw pieces: virtual machines, disks and networks, like Amazon EC2. The provider runs the data center and the hardware; you install and look after the operating system, the software and everything on top.","analogy":"Pizza. IaaS is renting a kitchen: you buy ingredients and cook. PaaS is a take-and-bake pizza: it comes ready, you just use your oven. SaaS is eating at the pizzeria: you only choose and enjoy.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/saas-paas-iaas/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/saas-paas-iaas/index.md"},"es":{"title":"SaaS, PaaS e IaaS","tagline":"Tres formas de alquilar computación, según cuánto del trabajo delegues.","aliases":["SaaS","PaaS","IaaS","software como servicio","plataforma como servicio","infraestructura como servicio"],"imageAlt":"Tres pilas con las mismas capas, del hardware a la app; el proveedor maneja más capas en cada una, de IaaS a PaaS y a SaaS","lead":"La computación en la nube suele venderse en tres capas, según cuánto se ocupa el proveedor. Con **IaaS** (infraestructura como servicio) alquilás las piezas básicas: máquinas virtuales, discos y redes, como Amazon EC2. El proveedor maneja el centro de datos y el hardware; vos instalás y cuidás el sistema operativo, el software y todo lo que va arriba.","analogy":"La pizza. IaaS es alquilar una cocina: comprás los ingredientes y cocinás. PaaS es la pizza congelada: viene armada y solo usás tu horno. SaaS es ir a la pizzería: elegís y comés.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/saas-paas-iaas/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/saas-paas-iaas/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-salesforce","slug":"salesforce","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-salesforce.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Salesforce","tagline":"The company that sells, as an online subscription, the software to manage customers.","aliases":["Salesforce.com"],"imageAlt":"A customer card in the center, shared through the cloud by sales, support and marketing teams, each paying a monthly subscription per user","lead":"**Salesforce** is an American company founded in 1999 in San Francisco by Marc Benioff and partners. It sells **CRM** (customer relationship management) software: the system where a company keeps everything about its customers, such as who they are, what they bought, every call and email, which deals are in progress and which complaints are open. Sales, support and marketing teams all work from the same record.","analogy":"A shared address book and diary for a whole company, kept in the cloud, where every salesperson, support agent and marketer writes down what happened with each customer, and the company pays a monthly fee per person who uses it.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/salesforce/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/salesforce/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Salesforce","tagline":"La empresa que vende, como suscripción online, el software para gestionar clientes.","aliases":["Salesforce.com"],"imageAlt":"La ficha de un cliente en el centro, compartida por la nube entre los equipos de ventas, soporte y marketing, cada uno pagando una suscripción mensual por usuario","lead":"**Salesforce** es una empresa estadounidense fundada en 1999 en San Francisco por Marc Benioff y sus socios. Vende software de **CRM** (gestión de la relación con los clientes): el sistema donde una empresa guarda todo sobre sus clientes, como quiénes son, qué compraron, cada llamado y cada mail, qué ventas están en curso y qué reclamos siguen abiertos. Los equipos de ventas, soporte y marketing trabajan todos sobre la misma ficha.","analogy":"Una agenda y un cuaderno de notas compartidos por toda la empresa, guardados en la nube, donde cada vendedor, agente de soporte y persona de marketing anota qué pasó con cada cliente, y la empresa paga una cuota mensual por cada persona que lo usa.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/salesforce/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/salesforce/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-samsung","slug":"samsung","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-samsung.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Samsung","tagline":"Korean giant that sells phones and TVs, and makes much of the world's memory chips.","aliases":["Samsung Electronics"],"imageAlt":"Samsung shown as three blocks: phones and TVs, memory chips, and a foundry making chips for other companies","lead":"**Samsung Electronics**, the best-known part of the South Korean Samsung group, is two businesses in one. The one you see is consumer electronics: Galaxy phones, TVs, fridges, washing machines. The one you mostly do not see is semiconductors, and it is just as important: Samsung is one of the world's largest makers of **memory chips**, the RAM and flash storage inside phones, laptops, SSDs and servers.","analogy":"A big department store that also owns the warehouses where everyone else's shelves come from. You know it for what it sells at the front; much of its weight is in the back.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/samsung/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/samsung/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Samsung","tagline":"Gigante coreano que vende celulares y TVs, y hace buena parte de los chips de memoria.","aliases":["Samsung Electronics"],"imageAlt":"Samsung como tres bloques: celulares y televisores, chips de memoria, y una foundry que fabrica chips para otras empresas","lead":"**Samsung Electronics**, la parte más conocida del grupo surcoreano Samsung, son dos negocios en uno. El que ves es la electrónica de consumo: celulares Galaxy, televisores, heladeras, lavarropas. El que casi no ves son los semiconductores, y es igual de importante: Samsung es uno de los fabricantes más grandes del mundo de **chips de memoria**, la RAM y el almacenamiento flash que llevan adentro celulares, notebooks, SSDs y servidores.","analogy":"Una gran tienda que además es dueña de los depósitos de donde salen los estantes de todas las demás. La conocés por lo que vende adelante; buena parte de su peso está atrás.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/samsung/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/samsung/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-sandboxing","slug":"sandboxing","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-sandboxing.svg","en":{"title":"Sandboxing","tagline":"Running a program in a closed box so it cannot harm anything outside it.","aliases":["sandbox","sandboxes","sandboxed"],"imageAlt":"A program runs inside a walled box; arrows from it to files, the network and other apps are blocked, and only one narrow, allowed door leads out","lead":"**Sandboxing** means running a piece of software inside a restricted space, the **sandbox**, where it can only touch what it has been explicitly given. It cannot read your other files, talk to other programs or change the system unless a narrow, controlled door allows it. If the program is buggy or malicious, the damage stays inside the box.","analogy":"A sandbox in a playground: kids can dig, build and wreck whatever they want inside it, and none of the sand ends up in the living room.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sandboxing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sandboxing/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Sandboxing","tagline":"Correr un programa en una caja cerrada para que no pueda dañar nada afuera.","aliases":["sandbox","sandboxes","entorno aislado","entornos aislados"],"imageAlt":"Un programa corre dentro de una caja con paredes; las flechas hacia los archivos, la red y otras apps están bloqueadas, y solo una puerta angosta permitida lleva afuera","lead":"El **sandboxing** consiste en ejecutar un software dentro de un espacio restringido, el **sandbox** (entorno aislado), donde solo puede tocar lo que se le dio de forma explícita. No puede leer tus otros archivos, hablar con otros programas ni cambiar el sistema, salvo por una puerta angosta y controlada. Si el programa tiene un error o es malicioso, el daño queda adentro de la caja.","analogy":"Un arenero en la plaza: los chicos pueden cavar, construir y romper lo que quieran adentro, y nada de arena termina en el living.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/sandboxing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/sandboxing/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-sap","slug":"sap","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-sap.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"SAP","tagline":"The German company whose software runs the back office of many large businesses.","aliases":["SAP SE","S/4HANA","SAP S/4HANA"],"imageAlt":"Finance, purchasing, inventory, sales and HR departments all connect to one shared central system labeled ERP","lead":"**SAP** is a German software company founded in 1972 by five former IBM engineers and based in Walldorf. It is best known for **ERP** (enterprise resource planning) software: one system where a company records its accounting, purchases, inventory, sales, production and payroll. When a factory sells a truckload of goods, the same record updates the stock, the invoice and the books, instead of each department keeping its own spreadsheet.","analogy":"The nervous system of a company. Every department is an organ doing its own job, but they all report to the same spine, so a sale in one place is instantly felt in the warehouse and in the accounts.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sap/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sap/index.md"},"es":{"title":"SAP","tagline":"La empresa alemana cuyo software maneja la trastienda de muchas grandes empresas.","aliases":["SAP SE","S/4HANA","SAP S/4HANA"],"imageAlt":"Finanzas, compras, inventario, ventas y recursos humanos se conectan todos a un único sistema central que dice ERP","lead":"**SAP** es una empresa alemana de software fundada en 1972 por cinco ex ingenieros de IBM, con sede en Walldorf. Es conocida sobre todo por el software **ERP** (planificación de recursos empresariales): un único sistema donde una empresa registra su contabilidad, compras, inventario, ventas, producción y sueldos. Cuando una fábrica vende un camión de mercadería, el mismo registro actualiza el stock, la factura y los libros contables, en vez de que cada área tenga su propia planilla.","analogy":"El sistema nervioso de una empresa. Cada área es un órgano que hace lo suyo, pero todas reportan a la misma médula, así que una venta en un lugar se siente al instante en el depósito y en la contabilidad.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/sap/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/sap/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-satellite-internet","slug":"satellite-internet","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-satellite-internet.svg","en":{"title":"Satellite internet","tagline":"Internet access beamed from space to a dish, where cables and cell towers don't reach.","aliases":["satellite broadband","satellite connection"],"imageAlt":"A dish on a house roof talks to a satellite in low orbit, which relays to a ground station connected to the internet; far above, a satellite in high orbit is labeled more delay","lead":"**Satellite internet** connects a home, a ship or a plane to the internet without any cable running to it. A small dish or flat antenna points at the sky and exchanges radio signals with a satellite. The satellite relays them to a **ground station**, a site with big antennas that is plugged into the regular internet. Everything you send and receive makes that trip up and down.","analogy":"Shouting to a friend across a valley by bouncing your voice off a mountain. A distant mountain carries it far but the echo comes back late; a closer hill answers quickly, but you need many hills to cover the whole valley.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/satellite-internet/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/satellite-internet/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Internet satelital","tagline":"Internet que llega desde el espacio a una antena, donde no llegan los cables.","aliases":["internet por satélite","conexión satelital"],"imageAlt":"Una antena en el techo de una casa habla con un satélite en órbita baja, que retransmite a una estación terrestre conectada a internet; mucho más arriba, un satélite en órbita alta tiene la etiqueta más demora","lead":"El **internet satelital** conecta una casa, un barco o un avión a internet sin que le llegue ningún cable. Una antena chica, parabólica o plana, apunta al cielo e intercambia señales de radio con un satélite. El satélite las retransmite a una **estación terrestre**, un lugar con antenas grandes conectado al internet de siempre. Todo lo que mandás y recibís hace ese viaje de subida y de bajada.","analogy":"Gritarle a un amigo del otro lado de un valle rebotando la voz en una montaña. Una montaña lejana la lleva lejos pero el eco vuelve tarde; una loma cercana contesta rápido, pero necesitás muchas lomas para cubrir todo el valle.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/satellite-internet/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/satellite-internet/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-sdk","slug":"sdk","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-sdk.svg","en":{"title":"SDK","tagline":"A kit of code, tools and docs a company provides so you can build for its platform.","aliases":["SDKs","software development kit","software development kits"],"imageAlt":"An SDK drawn as a toolbox holding libraries, docs, sample code and tools, which a developer uses to build an app that talks to a platform's API","lead":"An **SDK** (software development kit) is a bundle that a platform gives to developers so they can build software for it. It usually contains libraries you call from your own code, documentation, sample projects and some tools, such as an emulator to test a phone app or a command-line program to set things up. Apple and Google publish SDKs for building iPhone and Android apps; AWS, Stripe and many others publish SDKs for using their services.","analogy":"The starter kit that comes with a new espresso machine: the right filters, a tamper, a cleaning brush and a booklet. You could find your own tools, but the kit is made to fit exactly that machine.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sdk/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sdk/index.md"},"es":{"title":"SDK","tagline":"Un kit de código, herramientas y documentación para programar sobre una plataforma.","aliases":["SDKs","kit de desarrollo de software","kits de desarrollo de software","kit de desarrollo"],"imageAlt":"Un SDK dibujado como una caja de herramientas con bibliotecas, documentación, ejemplos y herramientas, que alguien usa para armar una app que habla con la API de una plataforma","lead":"Un **SDK** (software development kit, kit de desarrollo de software) es un paquete que una plataforma les da a los desarrolladores para que puedan crear software para ella. Suele traer bibliotecas que llamás desde tu propio código, documentación, proyectos de ejemplo y algunas herramientas, como un emulador para probar una app de celular o un programa de línea de comandos para configurar todo. Apple y Google publican SDKs para hacer apps de iPhone y Android; AWS, Stripe y muchos otros publican SDKs para usar sus servicios.","analogy":"El kit de inicio que viene con una cafetera espresso nueva: los filtros justos, un compactador, un cepillito de limpieza y un folleto. Podrías conseguir tus propias herramientas, pero el kit está hecho a medida de esa máquina.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/sdk/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/sdk/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-security-operations-center","slug":"security-operations-center","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-security-operations-center.svg","en":{"title":"Security operations center","tagline":"The team that watches an organization's systems around the clock for attacks.","aliases":["SOC","SOCs","security operations centre","security operations centers"],"imageAlt":"A loop of four steps around a team of analysts at their screens: monitor, detect, respond and learn","lead":"A **security operations center**, or **SOC**, is the team (and often the room) in charge of watching an organization's systems for attacks and reacting when one happens. Think of it as the security guards of the digital side: they monitor alerts day and night, decide which ones are real, and contain the damage when something gets through.","analogy":"A fire station for computers. Most calls are false alarms or a burnt toast, but the team is always on duty, knows the building, and when there is real smoke it arrives in minutes, not days.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/security-operations-center/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/security-operations-center/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Centro de operaciones de seguridad","tagline":"El equipo que vigila los sistemas de una organización día y noche contra ataques.","aliases":["SOC","centros de operaciones de seguridad"],"imageAlt":"Un ciclo de cuatro pasos alrededor de un equipo de analistas frente a sus pantallas: monitorear, detectar, responder y aprender","lead":"Un **centro de operaciones de seguridad**, o **SOC** por su sigla en inglés, es el equipo (y muchas veces la sala) que vigila los sistemas de una organización para detectar ataques y reaccionar cuando ocurre uno. Pensalo como la seguridad del lado digital: miran alertas de día y de noche, deciden cuáles son reales y contienen el daño cuando algo logra pasar.","analogy":"Un cuartel de bomberos para las computadoras. La mayoría de los llamados son falsas alarmas o una tostada quemada, pero el equipo siempre está de guardia, conoce el edificio y, cuando hay humo de verdad, llega en minutos y no en días.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/security-operations-center/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/security-operations-center/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-semantic-versioning","slug":"semantic-versioning","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-semantic-versioning.svg","en":{"title":"Semantic versioning","tagline":"A rule for version numbers like 2.4.1, so each part tells you how risky an update is.","aliases":["SemVer","semver","semantic version","breaking change","breaking changes"],"imageAlt":"The version number 2.4.1 split into three parts: major for breaking changes, minor for new compatible features and patch for bug fixes","lead":"**Semantic versioning**, or **SemVer**, is a convention for numbering software releases as three numbers: `MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH`, for example `2.4.1`. Each number has a precise meaning, so anyone using the software can tell what kind of change a new version brings just by looking at which number went up. The rules are written at semver.org, first published by Tom Preston-Werner, one of GitHub's founders.","analogy":"Like the labels on a building's renovation notices. \"Painting the hallway\" (patch), \"adding a new elevator\" (minor), \"we are moving the entrance to the other street\" (major): you instantly know which ones require you to change your routine.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/semantic-versioning/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/semantic-versioning/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Versionado semántico","tagline":"Una regla para versiones como 2.4.1: cada número dice qué tan riesgoso es actualizar.","aliases":["SemVer","semver","breaking change","breaking changes","cambio incompatible","cambios incompatibles"],"imageAlt":"El número de versión 2.4.1 dividido en tres partes: major para cambios incompatibles, minor para funciones nuevas compatibles y patch para arreglos de bugs","lead":"El **versionado semántico**, o **SemVer**, es una convención para numerar las versiones de un software con tres números: `MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH`, por ejemplo `2.4.1`. Cada número tiene un significado preciso, así que cualquiera que use ese software puede saber qué tipo de cambio trae una versión nueva con solo mirar qué número subió. Las reglas están escritas en semver.org, publicadas primero por Tom Preston-Werner, uno de los fundadores de GitHub.","analogy":"Como los avisos de obra en un edificio. \"Pintamos el pasillo\" (patch), \"sumamos un ascensor nuevo\" (minor), \"mudamos la entrada a la otra calle\" (major): enseguida sabés cuáles te obligan a cambiar tu rutina.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/semantic-versioning/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/semantic-versioning/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-server","slug":"server","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["hardware","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-server.svg","en":{"title":"Server","tagline":"A computer whose job is to answer requests from other computers, all day, every day.","aliases":["servers","web server","web servers"],"imageAlt":"A laptop and a phone on the left send requests to a rack of four servers on the right, which sends responses back","lead":"A **server** is a computer that provides something to other computers over a network: web pages, email, files, a database, the data behind an app. Your phone or laptop is the **client** that asks; the server is the one that answers. When you open a website, your browser sends a request across the internet and a server somewhere sends the page back.","analogy":"A waiter in a restaurant. Customers, the clients, ask for things and the waiter brings them. One good waiter can look after many tables at once, and when the place gets busy, the restaurant hires more waiters.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/server/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/server/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Servidor","tagline":"Una computadora cuyo trabajo es responder pedidos de otras computadoras, todo el día.","aliases":["servidores","servidor web","servidores web"],"imageAlt":"Una notebook y un celular a la izquierda mandan pedidos a un rack de cuatro servidores a la derecha, que devuelve las respuestas","lead":"Un **servidor** es una computadora que le ofrece algo a otras computadoras a través de una red: páginas web, mails, archivos, una base de datos, los datos que usa una app. Tu celular o tu notebook es el **cliente** que pide; el servidor es el que responde. Cuando abrís un sitio web, tu navegador manda un pedido por internet y un servidor en algún lugar te devuelve la página.","analogy":"Un mozo en un restaurante. Los clientes piden cosas y el mozo se las lleva. Un buen mozo atiende muchas mesas a la vez, y cuando el lugar se llena, el restaurante suma más mozos.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/server/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/server/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-serverless","slug":"serverless","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-serverless.svg","en":{"title":"Serverless","tagline":"Code that runs only when called; you never see or manage the server.","aliases":["serverless computing","FaaS"],"imageAlt":"Three triggers (HTTP, file, timer) waking a function that multiplies into copies when traffic grows","lead":"**Serverless** is a way of running code in the cloud where you upload a function and the provider runs it only when something triggers it: an HTTP request, a new file landing in Amazon S3, a timer. There are still servers, of course, but you never see them, size them or patch them. AWS Lambda is the best-known example, and the word also describes services like Amazon DynamoDB that scale by themselves with no machines to manage.","analogy":"A taxi instead of owning a car. With a server you pay for the car even while it sits parked; with serverless you pay per trip, and someone else worries about the maintenance.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/serverless/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/serverless/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Serverless","tagline":"Código que corre solo cuando alguien lo llama; el servidor no lo ves nunca.","aliases":["sin servidor","FaaS"],"imageAlt":"Tres disparadores (HTTP, archivo, reloj) despertando una función que se multiplica en copias cuando crece el tráfico","lead":"**Serverless** es una forma de correr código en la nube donde subís una función y el proveedor la ejecuta solo cuando algo la dispara: un pedido HTTP, un archivo nuevo en Amazon S3, un reloj. Servidores hay, claro, pero nunca los ves, ni los dimensionás, ni los actualizás. AWS Lambda es el ejemplo más conocido, y la palabra también describe servicios como Amazon DynamoDB que escalan solos sin máquinas que administrar.","analogy":"Un taxi en vez de auto propio. Con un servidor pagás el auto aunque esté estacionado; con serverless pagás por viaje, y del mantenimiento se preocupa otro.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/serverless/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/serverless/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-siem","slug":"siem","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-siem.svg","en":{"title":"SIEM","tagline":"The system that gathers security logs from everywhere and raises the alarm.","aliases":["SIEMs","security information and event management"],"imageAlt":"Logs from servers, a firewall, laptops and the cloud flow into a central SIEM box, which applies rules and raises an alert to an analyst","lead":"A **SIEM** (security information and event management) is software that collects logs and events from across an organization, stores them in one place and looks for signs of an attack. Servers, laptops, the firewall, the VPN, cloud accounts, email and identity systems all write records of what happens: who logged in, from where, which file was opened, which connection was blocked. On its own, each record says little. Put together, they can tell a story.","analogy":"The control room of a building's security, where every camera, door sensor and badge reader sends its feed. One guard watching many screens, with software that rings a bell when the same badge opens doors on two different floors at once.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/siem/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/siem/index.md"},"es":{"title":"SIEM","tagline":"El sistema que junta los logs de seguridad de todos lados y da la alarma.","aliases":["SIEMs","gestión de información y eventos de seguridad"],"imageAlt":"Logs de servidores, un firewall, laptops y la nube entran a una caja SIEM central, que aplica reglas y le manda una alerta a un analista","lead":"Un **SIEM** (gestión de información y eventos de seguridad, por su sigla en inglés) es un software que recolecta logs y eventos de toda una organización, los guarda en un solo lugar y busca señales de un ataque. Los servidores, las laptops, el firewall, la VPN, las cuentas en la nube, el mail y los sistemas de identidad registran lo que pasa: quién inició sesión, desde dónde, qué archivo se abrió, qué conexión se bloqueó. Cada registro solo dice poco. Juntos, pueden contar una historia.","analogy":"La sala de control de seguridad de un edificio, adonde llegan todas las cámaras, sensores de puertas y lectores de tarjetas. Un guardia mirando muchas pantallas, con un software que hace sonar un timbre cuando la misma tarjeta abre puertas en dos pisos distintos a la vez.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/siem/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/siem/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-sla","slug":"sla","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-sla.svg","en":{"title":"SLA","tagline":"A written promise about how reliable a service will be, and what happens if it is not.","aliases":["SLAs","service level agreement","service-level agreement","SLO","SLOs","uptime"],"imageAlt":"Three bars compare how much downtime per year each promise allows: about 3.7 days for 99%, about 8.8 hours for 99.9% and about 53 minutes for 99.99%","lead":"An **SLA** (service level agreement) is the part of a contract where a provider commits to a level of service: usually how much of the time it will be up, sometimes also how fast it will respond or how quickly support will answer. It also says what you get if the promise is broken, which in cloud services is almost always **service credits**, a discount on next month's bill, not a refund for the business you lost.","analogy":"A pizza place that promises delivery in 30 minutes or the next pizza is free. The promise tells you what to expect, but a free pizza does not save the dinner party that went hungry.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sla/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sla/index.md"},"es":{"title":"SLA","tagline":"Una promesa por escrito de qué tan confiable va a ser un servicio y qué pasa si no lo es.","aliases":["SLAs","acuerdo de nivel de servicio","acuerdos de nivel de servicio","SLO","SLOs"],"imageAlt":"Tres barras comparan cuánto tiempo caído por año permite cada promesa: unos 3,7 días con 99%, unas 8,8 horas con 99,9% y unos 53 minutos con 99,99%","lead":"Un **SLA** (service level agreement, acuerdo de nivel de servicio) es la parte de un contrato en la que un proveedor se compromete a un nivel de servicio: casi siempre cuánto tiempo va a estar funcionando, y a veces también qué tan rápido responde o en cuánto tiempo contesta el soporte. También dice qué recibís si no se cumple, que en los servicios en la nube casi siempre son **créditos de servicio**, un descuento en la factura del mes siguiente, no una compensación por el negocio que perdiste.","analogy":"Una pizzería que promete entregar en 30 minutos o la próxima pizza es gratis. La promesa te dice qué esperar, pero una pizza gratis no salva la cena en la que todos se quedaron con hambre.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/sla/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/sla/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-social-engineering","slug":"social-engineering","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-social-engineering.svg","en":{"title":"Social engineering","tagline":"Manipulating people, instead of machines, into giving away access or information.","aliases":["social engineer","social engineers","social engineering attack","social engineering attacks","pretexting","vishing"],"imageAlt":"A caller says IT support here, I need your code, fast, and the person on the other side hands over a key","lead":"**Social engineering** is the art of getting what you want from a system by working on the people around it. Instead of breaking encryption or finding a bug, the attacker convinces someone to share a password, read out a verification code, approve a payment or hold a door open. Phishing is its most common form, but it also happens by phone, in person, through social networks and in messaging apps.","analogy":"A con artist in a hotel lobby who never touches a lock. With a confident smile and a believable story about a lost key card, he gets the receptionist to hand him a new one.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/social-engineering/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/social-engineering/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Ingeniería social","tagline":"Manipular a personas, en vez de máquinas, para conseguir acceso o información.","aliases":["ingeniero social","ingenieros sociales","pretexting","vishing"],"imageAlt":"Alguien llama diciendo que es soporte técnico y que necesita tu código ya, y la persona del otro lado le entrega una llave","lead":"La **ingeniería social** es el arte de conseguir algo de un sistema trabajando sobre la gente que lo rodea. En lugar de romper un cifrado o encontrar un bug, el atacante convence a alguien de compartir una contraseña, dictar un código de verificación, aprobar un pago o sostener una puerta abierta. El phishing es su forma más común, pero también pasa por teléfono, en persona, en redes sociales y en apps de mensajería.","analogy":"Un estafador en el lobby de un hotel que nunca toca una cerradura. Con una sonrisa segura y una historia creíble sobre una tarjeta perdida, consigue que el recepcionista le dé una nueva.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/social-engineering/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/social-engineering/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-software-library","slug":"software-library","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-software-library.svg","en":{"title":"Software library","tagline":"Ready-made code for a common task that programmers plug into their own programs.","aliases":["software libraries","code library","code libraries","package manager","package managers"],"imageAlt":"An app made of a little of its own code and several ready-made library blocks for dates, charts, payments and PDFs, installed with one command","lead":"A **software library** is a package of code written to solve one kind of problem well, so other programmers do not have to solve it again. There are libraries for handling dates and time zones, drawing charts, resizing images, reading spreadsheets, encrypting data or talking to a payment provider. You add the library to your project and call its functions when you need them.","analogy":"Buying ready-made parts for a piece of furniture: hinges, drawer rails, screws. You still design and build the cabinet, but you do not forge your own hinges.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/software-library/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/software-library/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Biblioteca de software","tagline":"Código ya hecho para una tarea común que se enchufa dentro de otros programas.","aliases":["bibliotecas de software","librería de software","librerías de software","gestor de paquetes","gestores de paquetes"],"imageAlt":"Una app hecha de un poco de código propio y varios bloques de bibliotecas ya hechas para fechas, gráficos, pagos y PDF, instalados con un comando","lead":"Una **biblioteca de software** (muchos le dicen librería, por el inglés library) es un paquete de código escrito para resolver bien un tipo de problema, así otros programadores no tienen que resolverlo de nuevo. Hay bibliotecas para manejar fechas y husos horarios, dibujar gráficos, achicar imágenes, leer planillas, cifrar datos o hablar con un proveedor de pagos. Sumás la biblioteca a tu proyecto y llamás a sus funciones cuando las necesitás.","analogy":"Comprar piezas hechas para un mueble: bisagras, correderas de cajón, tornillos. Igual diseñás y armás el placard, pero no forjás tus propias bisagras.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/software-library/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/software-library/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-software-testing","slug":"software-testing","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-software-testing.svg","en":{"title":"Software testing","tagline":"Checking that software does what it should, mostly with code that tests other code.","aliases":["unit test","unit tests","unit testing","integration test","integration tests","end-to-end test","end-to-end tests","automated tests","automated testing","test suite","test pyramid"],"imageAlt":"A pyramid with many fast unit tests at the base, fewer integration tests in the middle and a few slow end-to-end tests at the top","lead":"**Software testing** is everything done to find out whether a program works before its users do. Some of it is manual: a person clicks through the app looking for problems. Most of it, in modern teams, is **automated tests**: small programs that call the real code with known inputs and check the result. A test might say: \"`total([10, 5])` must return `15`\". If someone later breaks that, the test fails and tells them.","analogy":"Like a pilot's pre-flight checklist. It does not guarantee a perfect flight, but it reliably catches the known ways things go wrong, every single time, without depending on anyone's memory.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/software-testing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/software-testing/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Testing de software","tagline":"Comprobar que el software hace lo que debe, sobre todo con código que prueba código.","aliases":["test unitario","tests unitarios","prueba unitaria","pruebas unitarias","test de integración","tests de integración","tests automatizados","pruebas automatizadas","pruebas de software","pirámide de tests"],"imageAlt":"Una pirámide con muchos tests unitarios rápidos en la base, menos tests de integración en el medio y unos pocos tests end-to-end lentos arriba","lead":"El **testing de software** es todo lo que se hace para saber si un programa funciona antes de que lo descubran sus usuarios. Una parte es manual: una persona recorre la app buscando problemas. La mayor parte, en los equipos de hoy, son **tests automatizados**: programas chicos que llaman al código real con datos conocidos y revisan el resultado. Un test puede decir: \"`total([10, 5])` tiene que devolver `15`\". Si más adelante alguien rompe eso, el test falla y le avisa.","analogy":"Como la lista de chequeo de un piloto antes de despegar. No garantiza un vuelo perfecto, pero atrapa siempre las formas conocidas en que algo sale mal, sin depender de la memoria de nadie.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/software-testing/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/software-testing/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-source-code","slug":"source-code","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-source-code.svg","en":{"title":"Source code","tagline":"The human-readable text that programmers write and that a program is built from.","aliases":["codebase","codebases","source file","source files"],"imageAlt":"Readable text files written by people are turned by a build step into a finished app that users run","lead":"**Source code** is the set of text files where programmers write a program, in a programming language like Python, Java or JavaScript. It is meant to be read by people: it has names that make sense, comments that explain decisions, and a structure split into files and folders. All the source code of a product together is often called its **codebase**.","analogy":"The architect's plans for a building. Living in the house does not require them, but if you want to know where the pipes run, or add a floor, you need the plans.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/source-code/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/source-code/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Código fuente","tagline":"El texto legible que escriben quienes programan y a partir del cual se arma un programa.","aliases":["códigos fuente","base de código","archivo fuente","archivos fuente"],"imageAlt":"Archivos de texto legibles escritos por personas se convierten, con un paso de build, en una app terminada que la gente usa","lead":"El **código fuente** es el conjunto de archivos de texto donde se escribe un programa, en un lenguaje de programación como Python, Java o JavaScript. Está pensado para que lo lean personas: tiene nombres con sentido, comentarios que explican decisiones y una estructura repartida en archivos y carpetas. Todo el código fuente de un producto junto suele llamarse su **base de código** (o codebase).","analogy":"Los planos de un edificio. Para vivir en la casa no los necesitás, pero si querés saber por dónde pasan los caños, o agregar un piso, necesitás los planos.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/source-code/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/source-code/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-spam","slug":"spam","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-spam.svg","en":{"title":"Spam","tagline":"Unwanted messages sent in bulk: ads, scams and junk you never asked for.","aliases":["spam filter","spam filters","spammer","spammers"],"imageAlt":"A stream of envelopes reaches a funnel-shaped spam filter, which sends most of them to a spam folder and lets a few wanted ones through to the inbox","lead":"**Spam** is unsolicited messages sent to huge numbers of people at once. It started with email and now arrives everywhere: text messages, messaging apps, social media comments, phone calls, fake reviews. Sending one more message costs the sender almost nothing, so even if only a tiny fraction of people respond, it pays. That is why there is so much of it; by most estimates a large share of all email sent is spam.","analogy":"The paper flyers stuffed into every mailbox on the street. Printing one more costs almost nothing, so they keep coming even if nearly everyone throws them away, and once in a while one of them is a scam dressed as a bill.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/spam/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/spam/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Spam","tagline":"Mensajes no deseados enviados en masa: publicidad, estafas y basura que nunca pediste.","aliases":["correo basura","correo no deseado","filtro de spam","spammer","spammers"],"imageAlt":"Una lluvia de sobres llega a un filtro de spam con forma de embudo, que manda la mayoría a la carpeta de spam y deja pasar unos pocos deseados a la bandeja de entrada","lead":"El **spam** son mensajes no solicitados que se mandan a muchísima gente a la vez. Empezó con el correo electrónico y hoy llega por todos lados: SMS, apps de mensajería, comentarios en redes, llamadas, reseñas falsas. Mandar un mensaje más no le cuesta casi nada a quien lo envía, así que aunque responda una fracción mínima de la gente, le conviene. Por eso hay tanto; según la mayoría de las estimaciones, una buena parte de todos los correos que se envían es spam.","analogy":"Los volantes de papel que meten en todos los buzones de la cuadra. Imprimir uno más no cuesta casi nada, así que siguen llegando aunque casi todos terminen en la basura, y cada tanto uno es una estafa disfrazada de factura.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/spam/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/spam/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-spotify","slug":"spotify","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-spotify.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Spotify","tagline":"A Swedish streaming service for music and podcasts, free with ads or paid monthly.","aliases":["Spotify Premium"],"imageAlt":"Songs stored in the cloud stream in small pieces to a phone, while a recommender compares listening history to suggest a new playlist","lead":"**Spotify** was founded in 2006 in Stockholm by Daniel Ek and Martin Lorentzon, and launched in 2008, at a time when much of the music online was pirated. Its bet was that listening instantly, without downloading files, could be more convenient than piracy. You open the app, pick a song and it starts playing in a second or two, from a catalog of many millions of tracks, plus podcasts and audiobooks.","analogy":"A radio station that plays only for you. It has almost every record ever made, and its DJ learns your taste by watching what you skip.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/spotify/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/spotify/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Spotify","tagline":"Un servicio sueco de streaming de música y podcasts, gratis con anuncios o pago.","aliases":["Spotify Premium"],"imageAlt":"Canciones guardadas en la nube llegan en pedacitos a un celular, mientras un recomendador compara historiales de escucha para sugerir una playlist nueva","lead":"**Spotify** se fundó en 2006 en Estocolmo, de la mano de Daniel Ek y Martin Lorentzon, y se lanzó en 2008, cuando buena parte de la música en internet era pirata. Su apuesta fue que escuchar al instante, sin bajar archivos, podía ser más cómodo que piratear. Abrís la app, elegís un tema y empieza a sonar en un segundo o dos, de un catálogo de muchos millones de canciones, además de podcasts y audiolibros.","analogy":"Una radio que pasa música solo para vos. Tiene casi todos los discos que se grabaron, y su DJ aprende tus gustos mirando qué temas salteás.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/spotify/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/spotify/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-spreadsheet-vs-database","slug":"spreadsheet-vs-database","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-spreadsheet-vs-database.svg","en":{"title":"Spreadsheet vs database","tagline":"Why a company that runs on Excel eventually needs a real database.","aliases":["spreadsheet","spreadsheets","Excel","Microsoft Excel","Google Sheets"],"imageAlt":"On the left, several copies of a spreadsheet file with slightly different names and conflicting numbers; on the right, one database that several people and apps use at the same time","lead":"A **spreadsheet**, like Excel or Google Sheets, is a grid where you can type anything in any cell and add formulas. That freedom is its strength: anyone can start a customer list or a budget in minutes. A **database** is stricter. You define the structure first (this column is a date, this one an email, every order must belong to an existing customer), and the system enforces it for every record, forever.","analogy":"A spreadsheet is a notebook: perfect for one person, flexible, fast. A database is the reception desk of a busy clinic: forms with required fields, one shared appointment book, and rules that stop two patients being booked in the same slot.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/spreadsheet-vs-database/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/spreadsheet-vs-database/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Planilla vs base de datos","tagline":"Por qué una empresa que vive en Excel termina necesitando una base de datos de verdad.","aliases":["planilla","planillas","planilla de cálculo","hoja de cálculo","hojas de cálculo","Excel","Microsoft Excel","Google Sheets"],"imageAlt":"A la izquierda, varias copias de una planilla con nombres apenas distintos y números que no coinciden; a la derecha, una sola base de datos que usan varias personas y apps al mismo tiempo","lead":"Una **planilla** (hoja de cálculo), como Excel o Google Sheets, es una grilla donde podés escribir cualquier cosa en cualquier celda y sumar fórmulas. Esa libertad es su fuerza: cualquiera arma una lista de clientes o un presupuesto en minutos. Una **base de datos** es más estricta. Definís la estructura primero (esta columna es una fecha, esta un email, cada pedido tiene que pertenecer a un cliente que exista) y el sistema la hace cumplir en cada registro, siempre.","analogy":"Una planilla es un cuaderno: perfecto para una persona, flexible, rápido. Una base de datos es la recepción de una clínica con mucho movimiento: formularios con campos obligatorios, una sola agenda de turnos compartida y reglas que impiden dar el mismo turno a dos pacientes.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/spreadsheet-vs-database/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/spreadsheet-vs-database/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-sql","slug":"sql","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["data","software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-sql.svg","en":{"title":"SQL","tagline":"The language you use to ask a database questions.","aliases":["Structured Query Language"],"imageAlt":"A yellow card with a SELECT query points to a database cylinder, which points to a small result table with two highlighted rows","lead":"**SQL** (Structured Query Language, often pronounced 'sequel') is the language for talking to relational databases. You do not tell the database how to find the data, step by step; you describe what you want, and the database works out the fastest way to get it. That is why a few lines of SQL can answer a question over millions of rows.","analogy":"Ordering at a restaurant. You say what you want ('the steak, medium, no fries'), not how to cook it; the kitchen (the database engine) decides the steps.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sql/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sql/index.md"},"es":{"title":"SQL","tagline":"El lenguaje para hacerle preguntas a una base de datos.","aliases":["Structured Query Language"],"imageAlt":"Una tarjeta amarilla con una consulta SELECT apunta a un cilindro de base de datos, que apunta a una tablita de resultado con dos filas resaltadas","lead":"**SQL** (Structured Query Language, lenguaje de consulta estructurado) es el lenguaje para hablar con bases de datos relacionales. No le decís a la base cómo encontrar los datos paso a paso; describís lo que querés y la base se encarga de buscar la forma más rápida de conseguirlo. Por eso unas pocas líneas de SQL pueden responder una pregunta sobre millones de filas.","analogy":"Pedir en un restaurante. Decís qué querés ('el bife, a punto, sin papas'), no cómo cocinarlo; la cocina (el motor de la base) decide los pasos.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/sql/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/sql/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-sql-injection","slug":"sql-injection","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["security","data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-sql-injection.svg","en":{"title":"SQL injection","tagline":"Typing text into a form that the database mistakes for its own instructions.","aliases":["SQLi","SQL injections"],"imageAlt":"Two paths from a search box to a database: in the unsafe one, typed text is glued into the command and changes it; in the safe one, the command has a fixed slot and the text goes in only as a value","lead":"Behind most login forms and search boxes there is a database that speaks SQL. When you search a shop for 'red shoes', the website builds a command along the lines of `find products whose name contains: red shoes` and sends it to the database. **SQL injection** happens when the site builds that command by simply gluing your text into it. Then a visitor can type something that is not a search term at all but a fragment of SQL, and the database cannot tell where the site's instructions end and the visitor's begin.","analogy":"A bank teller who reads aloud whatever is written on the slip: 'Pay to: Ana Pérez'. If someone writes 'Ana Pérez, and also empty the vault', a careless teller reads it as one instruction. The fix is a form with a box for the name that is only ever treated as a name.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sql-injection/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sql-injection/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Inyección SQL","tagline":"Escribir en un formulario un texto que la base de datos confunde con sus instrucciones.","aliases":["SQL injection","SQLi","inyección de SQL","inyecciones SQL"],"imageAlt":"Dos caminos desde un buscador hasta una base de datos: en el inseguro, el texto escrito se pega al comando y lo cambia; en el seguro, el comando tiene un hueco fijo y el texto entra solo como valor","lead":"Detrás de la mayoría de los formularios de login y los buscadores hay una base de datos que habla SQL. Cuando buscás 'zapatillas rojas' en una tienda, el sitio arma un comando del estilo `buscá productos cuyo nombre contenga: zapatillas rojas` y se lo manda a la base. La **inyección SQL** ocurre cuando el sitio arma ese comando pegando tu texto tal cual. Entonces alguien puede escribir algo que no es una búsqueda sino un pedazo de SQL, y la base no puede distinguir dónde terminan las instrucciones del sitio y dónde empiezan las del visitante.","analogy":"Un cajero de banco que lee en voz alta lo que dice la boleta: 'Pagar a: Ana Pérez'. Si alguien escribe 'Ana Pérez, y además vaciá la bóveda', un cajero distraído lo lee como una sola orden. La solución es un formulario con una casilla para el nombre que siempre se trata solo como un nombre.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/sql-injection/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/sql-injection/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-ssd","slug":"ssd","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-ssd.svg","en":{"title":"SSD","tagline":"Storage with no moving parts: where your files live when the power is off.","aliases":["SSDs","solid-state drive"],"imageAlt":"A spinning hard disk with a moving arm on the left, a flat board of flash chips on the right, with their access times","lead":"An **SSD** (Solid-State Drive) is the storage in almost every modern laptop, phone and server: the place where files, programs and the operating system stay saved when the power is off. It stores data in flash memory chips, the same technology as a USB stick, and it has no moving parts. The older alternative, the **hard disk drive** (HDD), spins magnetic platters and reads them with a moving arm.","analogy":"A hard disk is a record player: the needle has to travel to the right groove. An SSD is a book with tabs: you open straight to any page, with nothing to move.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ssd/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ssd/index.md"},"es":{"title":"SSD","tagline":"Almacenamiento sin partes móviles: donde viven tus archivos cuando está apagado.","aliases":["SSDs","disco de estado sólido"],"imageAlt":"Un disco rígido giratorio con brazo móvil a la izquierda, una placa plana de chips flash a la derecha, con sus tiempos de acceso","lead":"Un **SSD** (Solid-State Drive, unidad de estado sólido) es el almacenamiento de casi toda laptop, celular y servidor moderno: el lugar donde los archivos, los programas y el sistema operativo quedan guardados cuando se apaga la energía. Guarda los datos en chips de memoria flash, la misma tecnología que un pendrive, y no tiene partes móviles. La alternativa vieja, el **disco rígido** (HDD), hace girar platos magnéticos y los lee con un brazo que se mueve.","analogy":"Un disco rígido es un tocadiscos: la púa tiene que viajar hasta el surco correcto. Un SSD es un libro con pestañas: abrís directo en cualquier página, sin mover nada.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ssd/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ssd/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-ssh","slug":"ssh","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["networks","security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-ssh.svg","en":{"title":"SSH","tagline":"An encrypted way to log in to another computer and type commands on it.","aliases":["Secure Shell","SSH key","SSH keys"],"imageAlt":"A laptop terminal typing ssh ana@srv connects to a server through an encrypted tunnel with a padlock on port 22; below, a private key on the laptop side and a public key on the server side must match","lead":"**SSH** (Secure Shell) lets you open the command line of a computer somewhere else, usually a server in a data center or in the cloud, and work on it as if you were sitting in front of it. You type `ssh ana@server.example.com`, and from then on every command runs over there. Everything that travels between the two machines, including what you type and what comes back, is encrypted.","analogy":"A sealed, private phone line straight into a room in another building, where the door opens only for the key you carry, and the room has to show you its badge before you speak.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ssh/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ssh/index.md"},"es":{"title":"SSH","tagline":"Una forma cifrada de entrar a otra computadora y escribirle comandos.","aliases":["Secure Shell","clave SSH","claves SSH"],"imageAlt":"La terminal de una laptop escribe ssh ana@srv y se conecta a un servidor por un túnel cifrado con un candado en el puerto 22; abajo, una clave privada del lado de la laptop y una pública del lado del servidor tienen que coincidir","lead":"**SSH** (Secure Shell) te deja abrir la línea de comandos de una computadora que está en otro lado, casi siempre un servidor en un centro de datos o en la nube, y trabajar en ella como si estuvieras sentado adelante. Escribís `ssh ana@servidor.ejemplo.com`, y desde ahí cada comando se ejecuta allá. Todo lo que viaja entre las dos máquinas, incluido lo que tipeás y lo que vuelve, va cifrado.","analogy":"Una línea telefónica privada y sellada directo a una habitación de otro edificio, donde la puerta solo abre con la llave que llevás vos, y la habitación te muestra su credencial antes de que hables.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ssh/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/ssh/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-stripe","slug":"stripe","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-stripe.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Stripe","tagline":"A company that lets websites and apps accept online payments with a few lines of code.","aliases":["Stripe API","Stripe Checkout"],"imageAlt":"A customer pays on a shop's website; the card details go to Stripe, which talks to the card network and the bank, and sends the shop a token and later the money","lead":"**Stripe** was founded in 2010 by Patrick and John Collison, two brothers from Ireland, and is based in San Francisco and Dublin. It sells the plumbing for **online payments**: when you pay with a card in an app or on a website, there is a good chance Stripe is the one moving the money behind the scenes.","analogy":"A cashier you can hire for your online shop. You never touch the customer's card: the cashier takes it, checks it with the bank, keeps the details locked away and hands you the money minus a small cut.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/stripe/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/stripe/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Stripe","tagline":"Una empresa que deja que sitios y apps cobren online con unas pocas líneas de código.","aliases":["Stripe API","Stripe Checkout"],"imageAlt":"Un cliente paga en el sitio de una tienda; los datos de la tarjeta van a Stripe, que habla con la red de tarjetas y el banco, y le manda a la tienda un token y después la plata","lead":"**Stripe** la fundaron en 2010 Patrick y John Collison, dos hermanos irlandeses, y tiene sede en San Francisco y Dublín. Vende la plomería de los **pagos online**: cuando pagás con tarjeta en una app o en un sitio web, es bastante probable que Stripe sea la que mueve la plata por detrás.","analogy":"Un cajero que podés contratar para tu tienda online. Vos nunca tocás la tarjeta del cliente: el cajero la toma, la verifica con el banco, guarda los datos bajo llave y te da la plata menos una pequeña comisión.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/stripe/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/stripe/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-subnet","slug":"subnet","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-subnet.svg","en":{"title":"Subnet","tagline":"A slice of a network's IP addresses, grouped so its devices can talk directly.","aliases":["subnets","subnetwork","subnet mask","CIDR"],"imageAlt":"The range 10.0.0.0/16 split into three /24 subnets named web, database and guests, each with a few devices, all joined by one router","lead":"A **subnet** is a block of consecutive IP addresses that belong together, like all the addresses on one office floor or in one part of a cloud network. Devices in the same subnet reach each other directly. To reach anything outside it, they hand their traffic to a router, known as the **default gateway**, which forwards it on.","analogy":"A building's address range split into floors. People on the same floor walk over to each other's desks; to reach another floor, they go through the reception desk, which knows where everyone is.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/subnet/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/subnet/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Subred","tagline":"Una porción de las direcciones IP de una red, agrupadas para que se hablen directo.","aliases":["subredes","subnet","subnets","máscara de subred","CIDR"],"imageAlt":"El rango 10.0.0.0/16 dividido en tres subredes /24 llamadas web, base de datos e invitados, cada una con algunos dispositivos, todas unidas por un router","lead":"Una **subred** (subnet) es un bloque de direcciones IP consecutivas que van juntas, como todas las direcciones de un piso de una oficina o de una parte de una red en la nube. Los dispositivos de la misma subred se comunican directamente. Para llegar a cualquier cosa de afuera, le pasan el tráfico a un router, la **puerta de enlace predeterminada** (default gateway), que lo reenvía.","analogy":"El rango de direcciones de un edificio dividido en pisos. La gente del mismo piso camina hasta el escritorio del otro; para llegar a otro piso, pasa por la recepción, que sabe dónde está cada uno.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/subnet/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/subnet/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-system-on-a-chip","slug":"system-on-a-chip","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-system-on-a-chip.svg","en":{"title":"System on a chip","tagline":"One chip that holds a computer's main parts: CPU, GPU, memory control and more.","aliases":["system-on-a-chip","system-on-chip","systems on a chip"],"imageAlt":"One square chip divided into blocks labeled CPU, GPU, NPU, memory, modem and I/O, all on the same piece of silicon","lead":"A **system on a chip** (often shortened to SoC) puts most of a computer's main parts on a single piece of silicon. Instead of a separate processor, graphics card and controller chips spread over a motherboard, one chip holds the CPU cores, a GPU, often an NPU for AI tasks, the controllers for memory, screen, camera and USB, and in phones the cellular modem. Every smartphone runs on one, and so do tablets, smartwatches, many laptops and the Raspberry Pi.","analogy":"A studio apartment instead of a house. Kitchen, bedroom and living room share one compact space, so everything is close and cheap to heat, but you cannot knock down a wall to add a room.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/system-on-a-chip/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/system-on-a-chip/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Sistema en un chip","tagline":"Un solo chip con las piezas principales de una computadora: CPU, GPU, memoria y más.","aliases":["system on a chip","system-on-chip","sistemas en un chip"],"imageAlt":"Un solo chip cuadrado dividido en bloques con los nombres CPU, GPU, NPU, memoria, módem y E/S, todos en la misma pieza de silicio","lead":"Un **sistema en un chip** (system on a chip, o SoC) pone la mayoría de las piezas principales de una computadora en una sola pieza de silicio. En vez de un procesador, una placa de video y varios chips controladores repartidos por una placa madre, un único chip tiene los núcleos del CPU, una GPU, muchas veces una NPU para tareas de IA, los controladores de memoria, pantalla, cámara y USB y, en los celulares, el módem de la red móvil. Todo smartphone funciona con uno, y también las tablets, los relojes inteligentes, muchas notebooks y la Raspberry Pi.","analogy":"Un monoambiente en lugar de una casa. Cocina, dormitorio y living comparten un espacio compacto, así que todo queda cerca y es barato de calefaccionar, pero no podés tirar una pared para sumar un cuarto.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/system-on-a-chip/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/system-on-a-chip/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-tcp-and-udp","slug":"tcp-and-udp","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-tcp-and-udp.svg","en":{"title":"TCP and UDP","tagline":"Two ways to send packets: TCP checks everything arrives, UDP just sends and moves on.","aliases":["TCP","UDP"],"imageAlt":"Two lanes: in the TCP lane every packet gets an acknowledgement and a lost one is resent; in the UDP lane packets fly without confirmation and one is lost","lead":"IP gets packets to the right machine, but it promises nothing: packets can get lost, duplicated or arrive out of order. **TCP** (Transmission Control Protocol) and **UDP** (User Datagram Protocol) are the two protocols that sit on top of IP and decide how much to care. Every connection on the internet uses one or the other, plus a port number to reach the right program.","analogy":"TCP is a phone conversation with confirmation: did you get that? yes, go on; repeat if not. UDP is shouting across a stadium: fast, no confirmation, and if a word gets lost you do not stop the game to repeat it.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/tcp-and-udp/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/tcp-and-udp/index.md"},"es":{"title":"TCP y UDP","tagline":"Dos formas de mandar paquetes: TCP verifica que llegue todo, UDP manda y sigue.","aliases":["TCP","UDP"],"imageAlt":"Dos carriles: en el de TCP cada paquete recibe confirmación y el perdido se reenvía; en el de UDP los paquetes vuelan sin confirmación y uno se pierde","lead":"IP lleva los paquetes hasta la máquina correcta, pero no promete nada: los paquetes se pueden perder, duplicar o llegar desordenados. **TCP** (Transmission Control Protocol) y **UDP** (User Datagram Protocol) son los dos protocolos que van arriba de IP y deciden cuánto importa eso. Cada conexión de internet usa uno u otro, más un número de puerto para llegar al programa correcto.","analogy":"TCP es una llamada telefónica con confirmación: ¿me escuchaste? sí, seguí; y repetir si no. UDP es gritar de una punta a la otra de una cancha: rápido, sin confirmación, y si se pierde una palabra no parás el partido para repetirla.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/tcp-and-udp/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/tcp-and-udp/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-technical-debt","slug":"technical-debt","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-technical-debt.svg","en":{"title":"Technical debt","tagline":"The future cost of shortcuts taken in software today.","aliases":["tech debt","code debt"],"imageAlt":"A shortcut today saves time, but each later feature costs a little more, like interest on a loan, until the debt is paid down by cleaning up","lead":"**Technical debt** is the extra work a team will have to do later because of a quicker, messier choice made now. The programmer Ward Cunningham coined the metaphor in 1992 to explain it to non-technical managers: shipping imperfect code is like borrowing money. You get something sooner, but you pay **interest**: every future change in that area takes longer and breaks more easily, until you pay back the **principal** by cleaning it up.","analogy":"Like not washing the dishes after dinner. One night it saves time. After a week, cooking anything means first scrubbing a mountain of pans, and every meal takes longer.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/technical-debt/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/technical-debt/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Deuda técnica","tagline":"El costo futuro de los atajos que se toman hoy en el software.","aliases":["tech debt","technical debt"],"imageAlt":"Un atajo hoy ahorra tiempo, pero cada funcionalidad siguiente cuesta un poco más, como los intereses de un préstamo, hasta que la deuda se paga limpiando","lead":"La **deuda técnica** es el trabajo extra que un equipo va a tener que hacer más adelante por una decisión más rápida y desprolija que toma ahora. El programador Ward Cunningham inventó la metáfora en 1992 para explicárselo a gerentes no técnicos: sacar código imperfecto es como pedir plata prestada. Conseguís algo antes, pero pagás **intereses**: cada cambio futuro en esa zona lleva más tiempo y se rompe más fácil, hasta que devolvés el **capital** ordenando lo que quedó mal.","analogy":"Como no lavar los platos después de cenar. Una noche te ahorra tiempo. Después de una semana, cocinar cualquier cosa implica primero fregar una montaña de ollas, y cada comida tarda más.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/technical-debt/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/technical-debt/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-terraform","slug":"terraform","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-terraform.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Terraform","tagline":"A popular tool for describing cloud infrastructure in files and creating it for you.","aliases":["HashiCorp Terraform","OpenTofu","terraform plan","terraform apply"],"imageAlt":"A .tf file goes through plan, which lists the changes, and apply, which creates resources in AWS, Azure and Google Cloud, with a state file keeping track","lead":"**Terraform** is a tool for infrastructure as code, created by HashiCorp (now part of IBM) and released in 2014. You write files ending in `.tf` that say what you want, for example \"a server of this size, a bucket with this name, a database in this network\", and Terraform talks to the cloud to make it real.","analogy":"Like an architect's blueprint plus a builder who reads it. You change the drawing, the builder tells you exactly which walls will go up or come down, and only after you agree does the work start.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/terraform/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/terraform/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Terraform","tagline":"Una herramienta popular para describir infraestructura cloud en archivos y crearla.","aliases":["HashiCorp Terraform","OpenTofu","terraform plan","terraform apply"],"imageAlt":"Un archivo .tf pasa por plan, que lista los cambios, y por apply, que crea recursos en AWS, Azure y Google Cloud, con un archivo de estado que lleva la cuenta","lead":"**Terraform** es una herramienta de infraestructura como código, creada por HashiCorp (hoy parte de IBM) y lanzada en 2014. Escribís archivos que terminan en `.tf` y dicen lo que querés, por ejemplo \"un servidor de este tamaño, un bucket con este nombre, una base de datos en esta red\", y Terraform habla con la nube para hacerlo realidad.","analogy":"Como el plano de un arquitecto más un constructor que lo lee. Cambiás el dibujo, el constructor te dice exactamente qué paredes se levantan o se tiran, y recién cuando das el OK empieza la obra.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/terraform/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/terraform/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-tesla","slug":"tesla","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-tesla.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Tesla","tagline":"An electric car maker that treats the car as a computer on wheels.","aliases":["Tesla Motors","Tesla Autopilot"],"imageAlt":"An electric car seen from the side with a battery pack made of many small cells in its floor, cameras around it, and a software update arriving over the air from the cloud","lead":"**Tesla** is an American company founded in 2003 by Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning; Elon Musk joined as its main early investor and later became CEO. It makes electric cars, such as the Model S, Model 3 and Model Y, plus large batteries for homes and power grids. It earns money mostly by selling cars, and also from energy storage, charging and software features sold as upgrades or subscriptions.","analogy":"Like a smartphone that happens to have wheels: the hardware is built once, and the software keeps changing what it can do long after you take it home.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/tesla/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/tesla/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Tesla","tagline":"Una fabricante de autos eléctricos que trata al auto como una computadora con ruedas.","aliases":["Tesla Motors","Tesla Autopilot"],"imageAlt":"Un auto eléctrico de costado con una batería hecha de muchas celdas chicas en el piso, cámaras alrededor y una actualización de software que llega por el aire desde la nube","lead":"**Tesla** es una empresa estadounidense fundada en 2003 por Martin Eberhard y Marc Tarpenning; Elon Musk entró como su principal inversor inicial y después fue CEO. Fabrica autos eléctricos, como el Model S, el Model 3 y el Model Y, y también baterías grandes para casas y redes eléctricas. Gana plata sobre todo vendiendo autos, y además con almacenamiento de energía, carga y funciones de software que vende como mejoras o suscripciones.","analogy":"Como un celular que además tiene ruedas: el hardware se fabrica una vez, y el software sigue cambiando lo que puede hacer mucho después de que te lo llevás a casa.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/tesla/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/tesla/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-tls-certificate","slug":"tls-certificate","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["security","networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-tls-certificate.svg","en":{"title":"TLS certificate","tagline":"The ID card a website shows your browser to prove it is who it claims to be.","aliases":["TLS certificates","SSL certificate","SSL certificates","certificate","certificates","certificate authority"],"imageAlt":"An ID card for a domain, with its public key and expiry date, stamped by a certificate authority and checked by a browser","lead":"A **TLS certificate** is a small file that says 'the public key for `example.com` is this one', signed by a **certificate authority** (CA) that your browser already trusts. When you open a site over HTTPS, the server sends its certificate. The browser checks that the signature is from a known CA, that the name matches the site you asked for and that it has not expired. If all three pass, you get the padlock and the browser uses the public key from the certificate to start encryption with that server, and nobody else.","analogy":"A passport. An authority the border guard trusts issued it, it binds a name to a face (a domain to a public key) and it expires. A valid passport proves identity, not good intentions.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/tls-certificate/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/tls-certificate/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Certificado TLS","tagline":"La credencial que un sitio le muestra a tu navegador para probar que es quien dice ser.","aliases":["certificados TLS","certificado SSL","certificados SSL","certificado","certificados","autoridad certificante"],"imageAlt":"Una credencial de un dominio, con su clave pública y vencimiento, sellada por una autoridad certificante y revisada por un navegador","lead":"Un **certificado TLS** es un archivo chico que dice 'la clave pública de `ejemplo.com` es esta', firmado por una **autoridad certificante** (CA) en la que tu navegador ya confía. Cuando abrís un sitio por HTTPS, el servidor manda su certificado. El navegador revisa que la firma sea de una CA conocida, que el nombre coincida con el sitio que pediste y que no esté vencido. Si pasan las tres, aparece el candado y el navegador usa la clave pública del certificado para arrancar el cifrado con ese servidor, y con ningún otro.","analogy":"Un pasaporte. Lo emitió una autoridad en la que el control de frontera confía, une un nombre con una cara (un dominio con una clave pública) y vence. Un pasaporte válido prueba identidad, no buenas intenciones.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/tls-certificate/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/tls-certificate/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-08-token","slug":"token","date":"2026-10-08","level":1,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-08-token.svg","en":{"title":"Token","tagline":"The small chunk of text a language model actually reads.","aliases":["tokens"],"imageAlt":"A sentence being cut into small labeled pieces","lead":"A language model like Claude or ChatGPT does not read letters or whole words. It reads **tokens**: pieces of text that are usually a short word, part of a long word, or a punctuation mark. The word `cat` is one token; `unbelievable` might be three.","analogy":"Think of Lego bricks. You do not build with raw plastic, and you do not buy a whole castle: you work with standard pieces that snap together. Tokens are the bricks of text.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/token/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/token/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Token","tagline":"El pedacito de texto que un modelo de lenguaje realmente lee.","aliases":["tokens"],"imageAlt":"Una oración cortada en pedacitos etiquetados","lead":"Un modelo de lenguaje como Claude o ChatGPT no lee letras ni palabras completas. Lee **tokens**: trozos de texto que suelen ser una palabra corta, una parte de una palabra larga o un signo de puntuación. La palabra `gato` es un token; `increíblemente` puede ser tres.","analogy":"Pensá en bloques de Lego. No construís con plástico crudo ni comprás un castillo entero: trabajás con piezas estándar que encajan. Los tokens son los bloques del texto.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/token/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/token/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-tpu","slug":"tpu","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["hardware","ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-tpu.svg","en":{"title":"TPU","tagline":"Google's chip designed specifically for the math of neural networks.","aliases":["TPUs","Tensor Processing Unit","Tensor Processing Units"],"imageAlt":"Numbers flow from the left and from the top into a grid of multiplier cells inside a chip, and results come out the bottom","lead":"A **TPU** (Tensor Processing Unit) is a chip Google designed for one job: the arithmetic behind neural networks. Training and running an AI model comes down to multiplying huge tables of numbers, called **tensors** or matrices, over and over. A CPU can do it, slowly; a GPU does it well because it has thousands of small cores; a TPU goes a step further and is built almost entirely around that one operation.","analogy":"A GPU is a big kitchen with many cooks who can make almost any dish. A TPU is a factory line built for a single recipe: it cannot do much else, but for that recipe each plate comes out fast and cheap.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/tpu/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/tpu/index.md"},"es":{"title":"TPU","tagline":"El chip de Google diseñado especialmente para las cuentas de las redes neuronales.","aliases":["TPUs","unidad de procesamiento tensorial","unidades de procesamiento tensorial","Tensor Processing Unit"],"imageAlt":"Números que entran por la izquierda y por arriba a una grilla de celdas multiplicadoras dentro de un chip, y resultados que salen por abajo","lead":"Una **TPU** (Tensor Processing Unit, unidad de procesamiento tensorial) es un chip que Google diseñó para un único trabajo: la aritmética de las redes neuronales. Entrenar y usar un modelo de IA se reduce a multiplicar tablas enormes de números, llamadas **tensores** o matrices, una y otra vez. Un CPU puede hacerlo, despacio; una GPU lo hace bien porque tiene miles de núcleos chicos; una TPU va un paso más allá y está construida casi entera alrededor de esa única operación.","analogy":"Una GPU es una cocina grande con muchos cocineros que pueden hacer casi cualquier plato. Una TPU es una línea de producción armada para una sola receta: no sirve para mucho más, pero con esa receta cada plato sale rápido y barato.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/tpu/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/tpu/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-training-and-inference","slug":"training-and-inference","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-training-and-inference.svg","en":{"title":"Training and inference","tagline":"Training builds the model once; inference is using it, millions of times a day.","aliases":["training","inference"],"imageAlt":"Left: a pile of data feeding a model whose weights are being adjusted in a loop. Right: one question going through the finished model and coming out as an answer","lead":"An AI model has two very different lives. **Training** is when it learns: the neural network sees enormous amounts of data, makes predictions, measures its errors and adjusts its weights, over and over, for weeks or months on thousands of GPUs. At the end you have a file of numbers, the trained model. It happens once per model version, and it is the expensive part.","analogy":"Training is medical school: years, expensive, done once. Inference is every patient the doctor sees after graduating: fast, repeated, and what the school was for.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/training-and-inference/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/training-and-inference/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Entrenamiento e inferencia","tagline":"Entrenar construye el modelo una vez; inferir es usarlo, millones de veces por día.","aliases":["entrenamiento","inferencia"],"imageAlt":"Izquierda: una pila de datos alimenta un modelo cuyos pesos se ajustan en un bucle. Derecha: una pregunta atraviesa el modelo terminado y sale como respuesta","lead":"Un modelo de IA tiene dos vidas muy distintas. El **entrenamiento** es cuando aprende: la red neuronal ve cantidades enormes de datos, hace predicciones, mide sus errores y ajusta sus pesos, una y otra vez, durante semanas o meses en miles de GPUs. Al final queda un archivo de números, el modelo entrenado. Pasa una vez por versión del modelo, y es la parte cara.","analogy":"Entrenar es la carrera de medicina: años, cara, se hace una vez. Inferir es cada paciente que la médica atiende después de recibirse: rápido, repetido, y para eso era la carrera.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/training-and-inference/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/training-and-inference/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-transformer","slug":"transformer","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["ai"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-transformer.svg","en":{"title":"Transformer","tagline":"The neural network design behind modern language models, built around 'attention'.","aliases":["transformers","transformer architecture","self-attention","attention mechanism"],"imageAlt":"The words the cat sat because it was, with arcs from it back to earlier words; the strongest arc links it to cat, and the model then predicts the next word, tired","lead":"The **transformer** is a way of building neural networks, introduced in 2017 by a team at Google in a paper titled 'Attention Is All You Need'. It is the architecture behind almost every large language model today: the T in GPT stands for it, and Claude, Gemini and Llama are transformers too. It is also used for images, audio, video and even protein structures.","analogy":"Like a meeting where, before speaking, each person glances at everyone else and decides whose earlier comments matter most to what they are about to say. Everyone does this at the same time, round after round, until the group's understanding is sharp.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/transformer/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/transformer/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Transformer","tagline":"El diseño de red neuronal detrás de los modelos de lenguaje, basado en la 'atención'.","aliases":["transformers","arquitectura transformer","mecanismo de atención","autoatención"],"imageAlt":"Las palabras en inglés the cat sat because it was, con arcos que van desde it hacia las palabras anteriores; el arco más fuerte une it con cat, y después el modelo predice la palabra siguiente, tired","lead":"El **transformer** es una forma de construir redes neuronales que presentó en 2017 un equipo de Google en un paper titulado 'Attention Is All You Need' (La atención es todo lo que necesitás). Es la arquitectura detrás de casi todos los grandes modelos de lenguaje de hoy: la T de GPT viene de ahí, y Claude, Gemini y Llama también son transformers. También se usa para imágenes, audio, video y hasta estructuras de proteínas.","analogy":"Es como una reunión en la que, antes de hablar, cada persona mira a todas las demás y decide qué comentarios anteriores importan más para lo que va a decir. Todos lo hacen al mismo tiempo, ronda tras ronda, hasta que el grupo entiende con claridad.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/transformer/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/transformer/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-transistor","slug":"transistor","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-transistor.svg","en":{"title":"Transistor","tagline":"An electrically controlled switch, the basic building block of every chip.","aliases":["transistors","MOSFET","MOSFETs"],"imageAlt":"Two side-by-side transistors: with the gate off, current from source to drain is blocked and reads 0; with the gate on, it flows and reads 1","lead":"A **transistor** is a switch with no moving parts. It has three connections: current wants to flow between two of them (the **source** and the **drain**), and a small voltage on the third (the **gate**) decides whether it can. Gate on, current flows; gate off, it stops. On means 1, off means 0, and that is where the ones and zeros of computing physically live.","analogy":"A water tap controlled by a tiny lever. Pressure is always waiting in the pipe; flick the lever and water flows, release it and the flow stops. A computer is billions of these taps opening and closing in patterns, billions of times per second.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/transistor/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/transistor/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Transistor","tagline":"Un interruptor controlado por electricidad, el ladrillo básico de todo chip.","aliases":["transistores","MOSFET","MOSFETs"],"imageAlt":"Dos transistores lado a lado: con la compuerta apagada, la corriente de fuente a drenador está cortada y vale 0; con la compuerta prendida, fluye y vale 1","lead":"Un **transistor** es un interruptor sin partes móviles. Tiene tres conexiones: la corriente quiere pasar entre dos de ellas (la **fuente** y el **drenador**), y un voltaje chico en la tercera (la **compuerta**) decide si puede. Compuerta prendida, la corriente pasa; compuerta apagada, se corta. Prendido es 1, apagado es 0, y ahí es donde viven físicamente los unos y ceros de la computación.","analogy":"Una canilla controlada por una palanquita. La presión siempre está esperando en el caño; movés la palanca y el agua corre, la soltás y se corta. Una computadora son miles de millones de estas canillas abriéndose y cerrándose en patrones, miles de millones de veces por segundo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/transistor/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/transistor/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-tsmc","slug":"tsmc","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["companies","hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-tsmc.svg","en":{"title":"TSMC","tagline":"The factory that makes the world's most advanced chips for everyone else.","aliases":["Taiwan Semiconductor"],"imageAlt":"Chip designs from Apple, NVIDIA and AMD arriving at a silicon wafer labeled TSMC in Taiwan, with finished chips leaving on the right","lead":"**TSMC** (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company) manufactures chips for other companies and sells none under its own name. Apple designs the chip in your iPhone, NVIDIA designs the GPU in an AI data center, AMD designs its CPUs, and all of them send those designs to TSMC, which fabricates them in its factories (**fabs**) in Taiwan. A company that only manufactures is called a **foundry**, and TSMC invented the model in 1987 under its founder Morris Chang.","analogy":"The world's finest printing press, owned by one company. Authors (Apple, NVIDIA, AMD) write the books; TSMC is the only press that can print them at that resolution, so everyone lines up at its door.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/tsmc/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/tsmc/index.md"},"es":{"title":"TSMC","tagline":"La fábrica que hace los chips más avanzados del mundo para todos los demás.","aliases":["Taiwan Semiconductor"],"imageAlt":"Diseños de chips de Apple, NVIDIA y AMD llegan a una oblea de silicio que dice TSMC en Taiwán, y los chips terminados salen por la derecha","lead":"**TSMC** (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company) fabrica chips para otras empresas y no vende ninguno con su propio nombre. Apple diseña el chip de tu iPhone, NVIDIA diseña la GPU de un data center de IA, AMD diseña sus CPUs, y todas mandan esos diseños a TSMC, que los fabrica en sus plantas (**fabs**) en Taiwán. A una empresa que solo fabrica se la llama **foundry**, y TSMC inventó ese modelo en 1987 con su fundador Morris Chang.","analogy":"La imprenta más fina del mundo, en manos de una sola empresa. Los autores (Apple, NVIDIA, AMD) escriben los libros; TSMC es la única imprenta que puede imprimirlos con esa resolución, así que todos hacen fila en su puerta.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/tsmc/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/tsmc/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-two-factor-authentication","slug":"two-factor-authentication","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-two-factor-authentication.svg","en":{"title":"Two-factor authentication","tagline":"A second proof that you are you, so a stolen password alone is not enough.","aliases":["2FA","MFA","two-factor","multi-factor authentication","second factor"],"imageAlt":"Two gates before an account: a password field and a phone showing a six-digit code","lead":"**Two-factor authentication** (2FA, or MFA when there can be more than two) means logging in with two different kinds of proof: something you **know** (a password) plus something you **have** (your phone, a hardware key) or something you **are** (a fingerprint, your face). A password can be guessed, leaked or phished from across the world. Your phone cannot, at least not as easily.","analogy":"A debit card at the ATM: you need the card (something you have) and the PIN (something you know). A thief who shoulder-surfed your PIN still cannot withdraw a peso without the card.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/two-factor-authentication/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/two-factor-authentication/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Autenticación de dos factores","tagline":"Una segunda prueba de que sos vos, para que una contraseña robada no alcance.","aliases":["2FA","MFA","doble factor","autenticación de múltiples factores","segundo factor"],"imageAlt":"Dos puertas antes de una cuenta: un campo de contraseña y un teléfono que muestra un código de seis dígitos","lead":"La **autenticación de dos factores** (2FA, o MFA cuando pueden ser más de dos) significa iniciar sesión con dos tipos distintos de prueba: algo que **sabés** (una contraseña) más algo que **tenés** (tu teléfono, una llave física) o algo que **sos** (tu huella, tu cara). Una contraseña se puede adivinar, filtrar o robar con phishing desde la otra punta del mundo. Tu teléfono no, o al menos no tan fácil.","analogy":"La tarjeta de débito en el cajero: necesitás la tarjeta (algo que tenés) y el PIN (algo que sabés). Alguien que te espió el PIN por encima del hombro igual no puede sacar un peso sin la tarjeta.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/two-factor-authentication/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/two-factor-authentication/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-unicode","slug":"unicode","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-unicode.svg","en":{"title":"Unicode","tagline":"The universal numbering of every letter and symbol, and why accents sometimes break.","aliases":["UTF-8","character encoding","character encodings","mojibake"],"imageAlt":"The letter ñ gets the Unicode number U+00F1, UTF-8 stores it as two bytes, and reading those bytes with the wrong encoding shows ñ instead","lead":"Computers store text as numbers, so every character needs a number. **Unicode** is the worldwide standard that assigns one: `A` is U+0041, `ñ` is U+00F1, the Greek `Ω` is U+03A9, and the emoji 😀 is U+1F600. It covers virtually every writing system in use, plus many historic ones and a lot of symbols, well over a hundred thousand characters in all. Before Unicode, each region used its own incompatible table, and a file written in one often came out garbled in another.","analogy":"A global phone book that gives every character on Earth its own number. UTF-8 is the way of writing those numbers on paper: short numbers take one box, long ones take several. If the reader assumes every number fits in one box, a two-box number turns into two wrong ones.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/unicode/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/unicode/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Unicode","tagline":"La numeración universal de cada letra y símbolo, y por qué a veces se rompen los acentos.","aliases":["UTF-8","codificación de caracteres","codificaciones de caracteres","mojibake"],"imageAlt":"La letra ñ recibe el número Unicode U+00F1, UTF-8 la guarda como dos bytes, y leer esos bytes con la codificación equivocada muestra ñ en su lugar","lead":"Las computadoras guardan el texto como números, así que cada carácter necesita uno. **Unicode** es el estándar mundial que se los asigna: la `A` es U+0041, la `ñ` es U+00F1, la `Ω` griega es U+03A9 y el emoji 😀 es U+1F600. Cubre prácticamente todos los sistemas de escritura en uso, además de muchos históricos y montones de símbolos: bastante más de cien mil caracteres en total. Antes de Unicode, cada región usaba su propia tabla incompatible, y un archivo escrito en una muchas veces salía desfigurado en otra.","analogy":"Una guía telefónica mundial que le da a cada carácter del planeta su propio número. UTF-8 es la forma de anotar esos números en papel: los cortos ocupan un casillero y los largos, varios. Si quien lee supone que todo número entra en un casillero, uno de dos casilleros se convierte en dos números equivocados.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/unicode/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/unicode/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-url","slug":"url","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-url.svg","en":{"title":"URL","tagline":"The full address of something on the web: protocol, site and path.","aliases":["URLs"],"imageAlt":"A URL split into colored segments labeled scheme, host, path, query and fragment","lead":"A **URL** (Uniform Resource Locator) is the address of one specific thing on the web: a page, an image, a video, an API endpoint. It is what you type in the address bar or share in a chat. `https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mate?lang=es#historia` is one URL, and every piece of it means something.","analogy":"A full postal address on an envelope: country, city, street, floor and apartment. Each part narrows it down until there is exactly one door.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/url/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/url/index.md"},"es":{"title":"URL","tagline":"La dirección completa de algo en la web: protocolo, sitio y ruta.","aliases":["URLs"],"imageAlt":"Una URL partida en segmentos de colores etiquetados esquema, host, ruta, query y fragmento","lead":"Una **URL** (Uniform Resource Locator) es la dirección de una cosa concreta en la web: una página, una imagen, un video, un endpoint de una API. Es lo que escribís en la barra de direcciones o lo que compartís por chat. `https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mate?lang=es#historia` es una URL, y cada pedazo quiere decir algo.","analogy":"Una dirección postal completa: país, ciudad, calle, piso y departamento. Cada parte acota hasta que queda exactamente una puerta.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/url/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/url/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-usb","slug":"usb","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-usb.svg","en":{"title":"USB","tagline":"The standard plug for connecting and charging almost everything.","aliases":["USB-C","USB-A","Universal Serial Bus","USB port","USB ports","USB cable","USB cables","USB stick","USB sticks","USB4"],"imageAlt":"Three connector shapes, USB-A, micro-USB and USB-C, each drawn from the front, with arrows showing that one cable carries data and power","lead":"**USB** (Universal Serial Bus) is the standard that lets a computer talk to keyboards, mice, printers, phones, cameras and drives through one kind of port, and lets a cable carry power at the same time. Before it arrived in the mid-1990s, each kind of device had its own connector. USB replaced most of them, and also became the default way to charge small electronics.","analogy":"A universal power outlet that also works as a phone line. One shape of plug, and through it the device both gets its energy and talks to the computer.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/usb/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/usb/index.md"},"es":{"title":"USB","tagline":"El enchufe estándar para conectar y cargar casi cualquier cosa.","aliases":["USB-C","USB-A","Universal Serial Bus","puerto USB","puertos USB","cable USB","cables USB","pendrive","pendrives","USB4"],"imageAlt":"Tres formas de conector, USB-A, micro-USB y USB-C, dibujadas de frente, con flechas que muestran que un cable lleva datos y energía","lead":"**USB** (Universal Serial Bus) es el estándar que permite que una computadora se comunique con teclados, mouses, impresoras, celulares, cámaras y discos a través de un solo tipo de puerto, y que un cable lleve energía al mismo tiempo. Antes de que llegara, a mediados de los años 90, cada tipo de aparato tenía su propio conector. USB reemplazó a casi todos, y además se convirtió en la forma estándar de cargar aparatos chicos.","analogy":"Un tomacorriente universal que además funciona como línea telefónica. Una sola forma de enchufe, y por ahí el aparato recibe su energía y habla con la computadora.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/usb/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/usb/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-vector-database","slug":"vector-database","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["ai","data"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-vector-database.svg","en":{"title":"Vector database","tagline":"A database that finds things by similar meaning instead of exact matching words.","aliases":["vector databases","vector store","vector stores","vector DB","pgvector"],"imageAlt":"A map of dots where cat, kitten and dog sit close together and invoice and receipt sit far away; a query for puppy draws a circle around the nearby animal words","lead":"A **vector database** stores **embeddings**: lists of numbers that an AI model produces to represent the meaning of a piece of text, an image or a sound. Things with similar meaning get similar numbers, so they end up close together, like points on a map. 'Puppy' lands near 'dog' and 'kitten', far from 'invoice'. A vector database is built to answer one question fast: which stored items are closest to this one?","analogy":"A library where books are shelved by what they are about rather than by title. Walk to the shelf for the book you have in mind, and the neighbors on that shelf are the ones most similar to it, whatever their titles say.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/vector-database/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/vector-database/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Base de datos vectorial","tagline":"Una base de datos que busca por significado parecido y no por palabras exactas.","aliases":["bases de datos vectoriales","vector database","vector store","pgvector"],"imageAlt":"Un mapa de puntos donde gato, gatito y perro están cerca entre sí y factura y recibo quedan lejos; una búsqueda de cachorro dibuja un círculo alrededor de las palabras de animales cercanas","lead":"Una **base de datos vectorial** (vector database) guarda **embeddings**: listas de números que produce un modelo de IA para representar el significado de un texto, una imagen o un sonido. Las cosas con significado parecido reciben números parecidos, así que quedan cerca, como puntos en un mapa. 'Cachorro' cae cerca de 'perro' y de 'gatito', lejos de 'factura'. Una base de datos vectorial está hecha para responder rápido una sola pregunta: ¿qué elementos guardados están más cerca de este?","analogy":"Es como una biblioteca donde los libros se ordenan por el tema y no por el título. Vas al estante del libro que tenés en mente, y los vecinos de ese estante son los más parecidos, digan lo que digan sus títulos.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/vector-database/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/vector-database/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-video-streaming","slug":"video-streaming","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-video-streaming.svg","en":{"title":"Video streaming","tagline":"Watching a video while it arrives in small pieces, instead of downloading it all first.","aliases":[],"imageAlt":"A video is cut into short segments stored at three quality levels; the player fills a buffer and switches between high and low quality as the connection changes","lead":"**Video streaming** is how Netflix, YouTube or a live match reach your screen: the video starts playing after a moment, while the rest is still on its way. Behind the scenes, the video has been **compressed** with a codec such as H.264 or AV1, which shrinks it by storing only what changes from one frame to the next, and then cut into short **segments** of a few seconds each.","analogy":"A conveyor belt of sushi plates. You start eating as soon as the first plate arrives, the kitchen keeps a few plates ahead of you, and if it gets busy it sends simpler dishes so you never sit in front of an empty belt.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/video-streaming/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/video-streaming/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Streaming de video","tagline":"Ver un video mientras llega de a pedacitos, sin esperar a tener el archivo entero.","aliases":["streaming de vídeo"],"imageAlt":"Un video se corta en segmentos cortos guardados en tres calidades; el reproductor llena un buffer y pasa de calidad alta a baja según cambia la conexión","lead":"El **streaming de video** es la forma en que Netflix, YouTube o un partido en vivo llegan a tu pantalla: el video arranca después de un instante, mientras el resto todavía viene en camino. Por detrás, el video se **comprimió** con un códec como H.264 o AV1, que lo achica guardando solo lo que cambia de un cuadro al siguiente, y después se cortó en **segmentos** cortos de unos pocos segundos.","analogy":"Una cinta de sushi. Empezás a comer apenas llega el primer plato, la cocina mantiene algunos platos por delante tuyo, y si se llena de gente manda platos más simples para que nunca te quedes frente a una cinta vacía.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/video-streaming/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/video-streaming/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-virtual-machine","slug":"virtual-machine","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["cloud","hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-virtual-machine.svg","en":{"title":"Virtual machine","tagline":"A complete computer made of software, running inside a real one.","aliases":["virtual machines","VM","VMs"],"imageAlt":"One physical server at the bottom, a hypervisor layer above it, and three separate virtual machines on top, each with its own operating system and app","lead":"A **virtual machine** (VM) is a computer that exists as software. It has what looks like its own processor, memory, disk and network card, runs its own operating system and its own programs, and as far as that software can tell, it is a real machine. Underneath, it is sharing a physical computer with other virtual machines.","analogy":"Apartments in a building. Everyone shares the same foundation, pipes and wiring, but each apartment has its own door, its own key and its own furniture, and what happens in one does not spill into the next.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/virtual-machine/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/virtual-machine/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Máquina virtual","tagline":"Una computadora completa hecha de software, que corre adentro de una real.","aliases":["máquinas virtuales","VM","VMs","virtual machine"],"imageAlt":"Un servidor físico abajo, una capa de hipervisor encima y tres máquinas virtuales separadas arriba, cada una con su propio sistema operativo y su app","lead":"Una **máquina virtual** (VM) es una computadora que existe como software. Tiene lo que parece ser su propio procesador, memoria, disco y placa de red, corre su propio sistema operativo y sus propios programas, y para ese software es una máquina real. Por debajo, está compartiendo una computadora física con otras máquinas virtuales.","analogy":"Los departamentos de un edificio. Todos comparten los cimientos, los caños y la instalación eléctrica, pero cada uno tiene su puerta, su llave y sus muebles, y lo que pasa en uno no se filtra al de al lado.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/virtual-machine/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/virtual-machine/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-vlan","slug":"vlan","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-vlan.svg","en":{"title":"VLAN","tagline":"A way to split one physical network into several separate ones, using software rules.","aliases":["VLANs","virtual LAN","virtual LANs","802.1Q"],"imageAlt":"One switch with blue and pink ports: blue computers form VLAN 10, pink ones form VLAN 20, and traffic between them must pass through a router","lead":"A **VLAN** (virtual LAN) lets one set of cables and switches behave like several independent networks. An office might plug everyone into the same switches, yet put staff laptops in one VLAN, guest Wi-Fi in another, and security cameras in a third. Devices in one VLAN see each other as if they shared a private network, and do not see the others at all.","analogy":"One office floor divided with movable partitions into separate departments. The building and the hallways are shared, but each department has its own door, and to go from one to another you have to pass the reception desk.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/vlan/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/vlan/index.md"},"es":{"title":"VLAN","tagline":"Una forma de dividir una red física en varias redes separadas, con reglas de software.","aliases":["VLANs","LAN virtual","LANs virtuales","802.1Q"],"imageAlt":"Un switch con bocas azules y rosas: las computadoras azules forman la VLAN 10, las rosas la VLAN 20, y el tráfico entre ellas tiene que pasar por un router","lead":"Una **VLAN** (LAN virtual) hace que un mismo conjunto de cables y switches se comporte como varias redes independientes. Una oficina puede conectar a todos en los mismos switches y, aun así, poner las notebooks del personal en una VLAN, el Wi-Fi de invitados en otra y las cámaras de seguridad en una tercera. Los equipos de una VLAN se ven entre sí como si compartieran una red privada, y a los demás directamente no los ven.","analogy":"Un piso de oficinas dividido con paneles móviles en departamentos separados. El edificio y los pasillos son compartidos, pero cada departamento tiene su puerta, y para ir de uno a otro tenés que pasar por la recepción.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/vlan/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/vlan/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-vpn","slug":"vpn","date":"2026-10-14","level":2,"subjects":["networks","security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-vpn.svg","en":{"title":"VPN","tagline":"An encrypted tunnel that sends all your traffic through another network first.","aliases":["VPNs"],"imageAlt":"A laptop sending traffic through a sealed tunnel across the café Wi-Fi to a VPN server, which forwards it to the internet; an onlooker sees only question marks","lead":"A **VPN** (Virtual Private Network) wraps all the traffic from your device inside an encrypted tunnel to a VPN server, which then sends it on to the internet on your behalf. Everything in between (the café Wi-Fi, your provider, the network you are on) sees only scrambled packets going to one address. The websites you visit see the VPN server's IP address, not yours.","analogy":"Mailing all your letters inside one sealed bag to a trusted friend in another city, who opens the bag and posts them from there. Your local post office sees only bags addressed to your friend; the recipients see your friend's return address.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/vpn/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/vpn/index.md"},"es":{"title":"VPN","tagline":"Un túnel cifrado que manda todo tu tráfico a través de otra red primero.","aliases":["VPNs"],"imageAlt":"Una notebook mandando tráfico por un túnel sellado a través del Wi-Fi del bar hasta un servidor VPN, que lo reenvía a internet; un curioso ve solo signos de pregunta","lead":"Una **VPN** (Virtual Private Network) envuelve todo el tráfico de tu dispositivo en un túnel cifrado hasta un servidor VPN, que después lo manda a internet en tu nombre. Todo lo que hay en el medio (el Wi-Fi del bar, tu proveedor, la red en la que estés) ve solo paquetes ilegibles que van a una única dirección. Los sitios que visitás ven la dirección IP del servidor VPN, no la tuya.","analogy":"Mandar todas tus cartas dentro de una bolsa sellada a un amigo de confianza en otra ciudad, que abre la bolsa y las despacha desde ahí. Tu correo local ve solo bolsas para tu amigo; los destinatarios ven el remitente de tu amigo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/vpn/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/vpn/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-vram","slug":"vram","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-vram.svg","en":{"title":"VRAM","tagline":"The memory built into a graphics card, where the GPU keeps what it is working on.","aliases":["video memory","video RAM","GPU memory","graphics memory","GDDR","HBM","High Bandwidth Memory"],"imageAlt":"A graphics card with the GPU chip in the middle and four VRAM chips right next to it, connected by short lines, with the main RAM far away on the motherboard","lead":"**VRAM** (video RAM) is the memory that belongs to a GPU. It sits on the graphics card or right beside the GPU chip, separate from the computer's main RAM, and holds whatever the GPU is working on: the textures and frames of a game, the video being edited, the weights of an AI model. Today it is usually a fast type called **GDDR** or, in data-center GPUs, **HBM** (High Bandwidth Memory), made of stacked chips placed right next to the processor.","analogy":"A chef's countertop next to the stove. The pantry holds far more, but if the ingredients for tonight's dishes do not fit on the counter, the chef keeps walking back and forth and dinner slows to a crawl.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/vram/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/vram/index.md"},"es":{"title":"VRAM","tagline":"La memoria propia de una placa de video, donde la GPU guarda aquello con lo que trabaja.","aliases":["memoria de video","memoria de la GPU","memoria gráfica","GDDR","HBM","High Bandwidth Memory"],"imageAlt":"Una placa de video con el chip GPU en el medio y cuatro chips de VRAM pegados a él, unidos por líneas cortas, y la RAM principal lejos, en la placa madre","lead":"La **VRAM** (video RAM, memoria de video) es la memoria que le pertenece a una GPU. Está en la placa de video o pegada al chip de la GPU, separada de la RAM principal de la computadora, y guarda todo aquello con lo que la GPU está trabajando: las texturas y los cuadros de un juego, el video que estás editando, los pesos de un modelo de IA. Hoy suele ser un tipo rápido llamado **GDDR** o, en las GPU de centros de datos, **HBM** (High Bandwidth Memory), chips apilados que van justo al lado del procesador.","analogy":"La mesada de un cocinero, al lado de la hornalla. La alacena guarda mucho más, pero si los ingredientes de la cena de hoy no entran en la mesada, el cocinero va y viene todo el tiempo y la cena se atrasa muchísimo.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/vram/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/vram/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-vulnerability-and-cve","slug":"vulnerability-and-cve","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-vulnerability-and-cve.svg","en":{"title":"Vulnerability and CVE","tagline":"A flaw that lets an attacker misuse software, and the public id that names it.","aliases":["vulnerability","vulnerabilities","CVE","CVEs","CVSS","zero-day","zero-days","security patch","security patches"],"imageAlt":"A bug found box points to a pink card reading CVE-2026-12345, CVSS 9.8, critical, which points to a green patch box","lead":"A **vulnerability** is a mistake in software or its configuration that someone can exploit to do what they should not: read other people's data, take over a server, crash a service. It is usually an ordinary bug with bad consequences, like a login check that can be skipped or a form that runs whatever text you type into it. Every large program has some; the question is who finds them first.","analogy":"A recall for a car model with faulty brakes. The defect gets an official number so every dealer knows which one it is, it is rated by how dangerous it is, and owners are safe only after they take the car in for the fix.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/vulnerability-and-cve/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/vulnerability-and-cve/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Vulnerabilidad y CVE","tagline":"Una falla que permite abusar de un software, y el código público que la identifica.","aliases":["vulnerabilidad","vulnerabilidades","CVE","CVEs","CVSS","zero-day","día cero","parche de seguridad","parches de seguridad"],"imageAlt":"Una caja de falla encontrada apunta a una tarjeta rosa que dice CVE-2026-12345, CVSS 9.8, crítica, que apunta a una caja verde de parche","lead":"Una **vulnerabilidad** es un error en un software o en su configuración que alguien puede aprovechar para hacer lo que no debería: leer datos de otras personas, tomar el control de un servidor, tirar un servicio. Suele ser un bug común con consecuencias graves, como un control de inicio de sesión que se puede saltear o un formulario que ejecuta cualquier texto que le escribas. Todo programa grande tiene algunas; la pregunta es quién las encuentra primero.","analogy":"Un llamado a revisión de un modelo de auto con frenos defectuosos. La falla recibe un número oficial para que todos los concesionarios sepan cuál es, se califica según qué tan peligrosa es, y los dueños quedan a salvo recién cuando llevan el auto a arreglar.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/vulnerability-and-cve/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/vulnerability-and-cve/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-web-browser","slug":"web-browser","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["software","networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-web-browser.svg","en":{"title":"Web browser","tagline":"The app that fetches web pages from the internet and draws them on your screen.","aliases":["web browsers","browser","browsers"],"imageAlt":"A browser window sends a request for an address to a server, gets back HTML, CSS and JavaScript files, and draws them as a page","lead":"A **web browser** is the app you use to visit websites: Chrome, Safari, Firefox and Edge are browsers. When you type an address or click a link, the browser looks up which server holds that site (using DNS), asks it for the page over HTTP or HTTPS, and receives a bundle of files back: HTML for the content, CSS for the looks, JavaScript for the behavior, plus images and fonts.","analogy":"A translator and builder in one. It phones the store (the server), receives a box of flat-pack parts and instructions, and assembles the furniture in your living room in an instant.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/web-browser/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/web-browser/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Navegador web","tagline":"La app que trae páginas web desde internet y las dibuja en tu pantalla.","aliases":["navegador","navegadores","navegadores web","browser","browsers"],"imageAlt":"Una ventana de navegador le pide una dirección a un servidor, recibe archivos HTML, CSS y JavaScript, y los dibuja como una página","lead":"Un **navegador web** es la app que usás para entrar a sitios: Chrome, Safari, Firefox y Edge son navegadores. Cuando escribís una dirección o hacés clic en un link, el navegador averigua qué servidor tiene ese sitio (con DNS), le pide la página por HTTP o HTTPS y recibe un paquete de archivos: HTML para el contenido, CSS para el aspecto, JavaScript para el comportamiento, más imágenes y tipografías.","analogy":"Un traductor y armador en uno. Llama a la tienda (el servidor), recibe una caja de piezas para armar con sus instrucciones y te deja el mueble armado en el living en un instante.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/web-browser/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/web-browser/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-web-hosting","slug":"web-hosting","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["cloud"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-web-hosting.svg","en":{"title":"Web hosting","tagline":"Renting space on an always-on computer so your website is reachable by anyone.","aliases":["web host","web hosts","hosting provider","hosting providers","shared hosting"],"imageAlt":"A website's files live on a rented server in a data center that is always on, and visitors from anywhere reach it through its domain name","lead":"**Web hosting** is the service of keeping a website's files and programs on a server that is connected to the internet day and night. You could run a site from your own laptop, but it would vanish whenever the laptop slept or the Wi-Fi dropped. A hosting provider rents you space on machines in a data center with stable power, fast connections and people watching them.","analogy":"Renting a shop on a busy street instead of selling from your living room. The landlord keeps the lights on and the doors open; you just stock the shelves.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/web-hosting/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/web-hosting/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Hosting web","tagline":"Alquilar lugar en una computadora siempre prendida para que cualquiera vea tu sitio.","aliases":["hosting","alojamiento web","proveedor de hosting","proveedores de hosting","hosting compartido"],"imageAlt":"Los archivos de un sitio viven en un servidor alquilado en un centro de datos siempre prendido, y visitantes de cualquier lugar llegan a él por su dominio","lead":"El **hosting web** (o alojamiento web) es el servicio de tener los archivos y programas de un sitio en un servidor conectado a internet de día y de noche. Podrías servir un sitio desde tu notebook, pero desaparecería cada vez que se suspende o se corta el Wi-Fi. Un proveedor de hosting te alquila lugar en máquinas de un centro de datos con energía estable, conexiones rápidas y gente vigilándolas.","analogy":"Alquilar un local en una calle transitada en vez de vender desde el living de tu casa. El dueño mantiene las luces prendidas y la puerta abierta; vos solo llenás las góndolas.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/web-hosting/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/web-hosting/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-webhook","slug":"webhook","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-webhook.svg","en":{"title":"Webhook","tagline":"A way for one service to call your app the moment something happens.","aliases":["webhooks","web hook","web hooks"],"imageAlt":"Instead of an app asking a payment service again and again whether anything happened, the service calls the app's URL once when a payment arrives","lead":"A **webhook** is a message one system sends to another automatically when an event happens. You give a service a URL of yours, and when the event occurs (a payment succeeds, someone pushes code to GitHub, a form is submitted) the service makes an HTTP `POST` request to that URL with the details, usually as JSON.","analogy":"Polling is calling the restaurant every five minutes to ask if your table is ready. A webhook is leaving your number so they text you when it is.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/webhook/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/webhook/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Webhook","tagline":"Una forma de que un servicio llame a tu app en el momento en que pasa algo.","aliases":["webhooks"],"imageAlt":"En lugar de que una app le pregunte una y otra vez a un servicio de pagos si pasó algo, el servicio llama una vez a la URL de la app cuando llega un pago","lead":"Un **webhook** es un mensaje que un sistema le manda a otro de forma automática cuando ocurre un evento. Le das a un servicio una URL tuya y, cuando pasa algo (se aprueba un pago, alguien pushea código a GitHub, se envía un formulario), el servicio hace un pedido HTTP `POST` a esa URL con los detalles, casi siempre en JSON.","analogy":"El polling es llamar al restaurante cada cinco minutos para preguntar si ya está tu mesa. Un webhook es dejar tu número para que te manden un mensaje cuando esté.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/webhook/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/webhook/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-websocket","slug":"websocket","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["networks","software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-websocket.svg","en":{"title":"WebSocket","tagline":"A connection between browser and server that stays open, so both can talk anytime.","aliases":["WebSockets","web socket","web sockets"],"imageAlt":"On the left, HTTP as separate request and response arrows; on the right, a browser and a server joined by one open pipe with messages flowing both ways","lead":"Plain HTTP works like a letter exchange: the browser asks, the server answers, and the conversation is over. The server cannot speak first. A **WebSocket** is a connection that stays open after it is created, so either side can send a message at any moment, in both directions, without asking again.","analogy":"HTTP is sending text messages and waiting for each reply; a WebSocket is a phone call that stays connected, where either person can speak the moment they have something to say.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/websocket/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/websocket/index.md"},"es":{"title":"WebSocket","tagline":"Una conexión entre navegador y servidor que queda abierta, para que hablen cuando quieran.","aliases":["WebSockets"],"imageAlt":"A la izquierda, HTTP como flechas separadas de pedido y respuesta; a la derecha, un navegador y un servidor unidos por un caño abierto con mensajes yendo en los dos sentidos","lead":"El HTTP común funciona como un intercambio de cartas: el navegador pregunta, el servidor responde y la conversación termina. El servidor no puede hablar primero. Un **WebSocket** es una conexión que queda abierta después de crearse, así cualquiera de los dos lados puede mandar un mensaje en cualquier momento, en los dos sentidos, sin volver a preguntar.","analogy":"HTTP es mandar mensajes de texto y esperar cada respuesta; un WebSocket es una llamada que queda conectada, donde cualquiera de los dos habla apenas tiene algo para decir.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/websocket/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/websocket/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-14-wi-fi","slug":"wi-fi","date":"2026-10-14","level":1,"subjects":["networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-14-wi-fi.svg","en":{"title":"Wi-Fi","tagline":"Networking over radio waves: the internet without the cable, within a few rooms.","aliases":["WiFi","wifi"],"imageAlt":"A router radiating signal arcs: a nearby phone gets a strong signal, a laptop behind a wall gets a weak one","lead":"**Wi-Fi** is a way of connecting devices to a local network using radio waves instead of cables. An **access point** (usually built into your router) broadcasts a network name, your phone picks it and, with the password, they start exchanging data over the air. Wi-Fi only covers the last few meters: from your device to the router. From the router onwards, the internet is mostly cables and fiber.","analogy":"A conversation across a room. Close and quiet, you understand everything; far away, through walls, with thirty people talking at once, you both have to repeat yourselves and it all slows down.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/wi-fi/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/wi-fi/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Wi-Fi","tagline":"Red por ondas de radio: internet sin cable, dentro de unas pocas habitaciones.","aliases":["WiFi","wifi"],"imageAlt":"Un router irradiando arcos de señal: un celular cerca recibe señal fuerte, una notebook detrás de una pared recibe señal débil","lead":"**Wi-Fi** es una forma de conectar dispositivos a una red local usando ondas de radio en vez de cables. Un **punto de acceso** (casi siempre integrado en tu router) anuncia un nombre de red, tu celular lo elige y, con la contraseña, empiezan a intercambiar datos por el aire. El Wi-Fi cubre solamente los últimos metros: de tu dispositivo al router. Del router en adelante, internet es casi todo cable y fibra.","analogy":"Una conversación de una punta a la otra de un salón. Cerca y en silencio se entiende todo; lejos, con paredes en el medio y treinta personas hablando a la vez, los dos tienen que repetir y todo se vuelve lento.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/wi-fi/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/wi-fi/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-wifi-security","slug":"wifi-security","date":"2026-10-17","level":2,"subjects":["security","networks"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-wifi-security.svg","en":{"title":"Wi-Fi security","tagline":"How a Wi-Fi password keeps neighbors out and scrambles what travels through the air.","aliases":["WPA2","WPA3","WEP","Wi-Fi password","Wi-Fi passwords","WiFi security"],"imageAlt":"A timeline of Wi-Fi security standards: WEP marked broken, WPA, WPA2 and WPA3, with a padlock between a laptop and a router","lead":"Wi-Fi is radio, so anyone nearby can pick up the signal. **Wi-Fi security** is the set of standards that decides two things: who is allowed to join the network, and how the data flying between your device and the router is encrypted so that listeners only hear noise. The Wi-Fi password is the visible part of it.","analogy":"A conversation in a crowded square. The password decides who can join the circle, and the encryption is a private language the members speak, so passers-by hear sounds but no words.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/wifi-security/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/wifi-security/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Seguridad Wi-Fi","tagline":"Cómo la clave del Wi-Fi deja afuera a los vecinos y cifra lo que viaja por el aire.","aliases":["WPA2","WPA3","WEP","contraseña del Wi-Fi","clave del Wi-Fi","seguridad del Wi-Fi"],"imageAlt":"Una línea de tiempo de los estándares de seguridad Wi-Fi: WEP marcado como roto, WPA, WPA2 y WPA3, con un candado entre una laptop y un router","lead":"El Wi-Fi es radio, así que cualquiera que esté cerca puede captar la señal. La **seguridad Wi-Fi** es el conjunto de estándares que define dos cosas: quién puede entrar a la red y cómo se cifran los datos que vuelan entre tu dispositivo y el router, para que quien escuche solo reciba ruido. La contraseña del Wi-Fi es la parte que se ve.","analogy":"Una charla en una plaza llena de gente. La contraseña decide quién entra a la ronda, y el cifrado es un idioma privado que hablan los de adentro: el que pasa escucha sonidos, pero no palabras.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/wifi-security/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/wifi-security/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-xiaomi","slug":"xiaomi","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["companies","hardware"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-xiaomi.svg","caseSensitive":true,"en":{"title":"Xiaomi","tagline":"A Chinese maker of phones and smart home gadgets, and more recently electric cars.","aliases":["HyperOS","Redmi"],"imageAlt":"A phone in the center connects to a ring of smart devices: a TV, a vacuum robot, a scooter, a fitness band and a car","lead":"**Xiaomi** was founded in 2010 in Beijing by Lei Jun and a group of partners. It started with software: MIUI, a customized version of Android that it updated every week based on users' comments. A year later it sold its first phone, with high-end parts at a low price, sold mostly online to save on stores and middlemen. Phones, including its cheaper **Redmi** line, are still its biggest business.","analogy":"A supermarket that sells its own brand of almost everything at low prices. You come for cheap milk, and soon your whole kitchen is the same brand, all talking to the same app.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/xiaomi/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/xiaomi/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Xiaomi","tagline":"Una fabricante china de celulares y aparatos inteligentes, y ahora de autos eléctricos.","aliases":["HyperOS","Redmi"],"imageAlt":"Un celular en el centro se conecta con un círculo de dispositivos inteligentes: un televisor, una aspiradora robot, un monopatín, una pulsera y un auto","lead":"**Xiaomi** se fundó en 2010 en Pekín, de la mano de Lei Jun y un grupo de socios. Arrancó con software: MIUI, una versión modificada de Android que actualizaba todas las semanas según los comentarios de los usuarios. Un año después vendió su primer celular, con componentes de gama alta a un precio bajo, vendido sobre todo online para ahorrarse locales e intermediarios. Los celulares, incluida su línea más barata **Redmi**, siguen siendo su negocio más grande.","analogy":"Un supermercado que vende su propia marca de casi todo a precios bajos. Vas por la leche barata y al tiempo tenés toda la cocina de la misma marca, todo hablando con la misma app.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/xiaomi/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/xiaomi/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-xml","slug":"xml","date":"2026-10-17","level":1,"subjects":["data","software"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-xml.svg","en":{"title":"XML","tagline":"A text format that wraps data in named tags, so both people and programs can read it.","aliases":["Extensible Markup Language"],"imageAlt":"An XML snippet describing a book with nested title and author tags, next to the same data drawn as a small tree","lead":"**XML** (Extensible Markup Language) is a way to write structured data as plain text, using tags in angle brackets. Each piece of information sits between an opening tag and a closing tag with a name you choose: a `title` tag holding \"Dune\", inside a `book` tag, inside a `library` tag. The closing tag repeats the name with a slash. Because tags can be nested, XML can describe almost any shape of data as a tree.","analogy":"Labeled envelopes inside labeled envelopes: a big one that says \"book\", holding smaller ones that say \"title\" and \"author\". Anyone can open them and know exactly what each piece of paper is.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/xml/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/xml/index.md"},"es":{"title":"XML","tagline":"Un formato de texto que envuelve los datos en etiquetas con nombre, legible por todos.","aliases":["Extensible Markup Language"],"imageAlt":"Un fragmento de XML que describe un libro con etiquetas anidadas de título y autor, junto a los mismos datos dibujados como un árbol","lead":"**XML** (Extensible Markup Language, lenguaje de marcado extensible) es una forma de escribir datos estructurados como texto plano, usando etiquetas entre signos de menor y mayor. Cada dato va entre una etiqueta de apertura y una de cierre con el nombre que elijas: una etiqueta `title` con \"Rayuela\" adentro, dentro de una etiqueta `book`, dentro de una etiqueta `library`. La de cierre repite el nombre con una barra. Como las etiquetas se pueden anidar, XML describe casi cualquier forma de datos como un árbol.","analogy":"Sobres rotulados dentro de sobres rotulados: uno grande que dice \"libro\", con otros más chicos adentro que dicen \"título\" y \"autor\". Cualquiera los abre y sabe exactamente qué es cada papel.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/xml/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/xml/index.md"}},{"id":"2026-10-17-zero-trust","slug":"zero-trust","date":"2026-10-17","level":3,"subjects":["security"],"image":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/content/img/2026-10-17-zero-trust.svg","en":{"title":"Zero trust","tagline":"Security that checks every request, instead of trusting whatever is inside the network.","aliases":["zero-trust","zero trust architecture","least privilege"],"imageAlt":"On the left, a castle surrounded by a moat with a VPN gate, where everything inside is trusted; on the right, a user whose every request to an app or a database passes through its own check","lead":"For decades, company security followed the **castle and moat** model: a strong wall around the office network (the firewall), a gate to get in from outside (the VPN), and once inside, almost everything was reachable and trusted. That breaks down when one phishing email gives an attacker a foothold inside, when people work from home and cafés, and when the apps live in the cloud rather than in the office.","analogy":"An office building where your badge is checked at every door, not only at the main entrance. Getting into the lobby no longer means you can walk into the server room; each door asks again whether you, today, should go through.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/zero-trust/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/zero-trust/index.md"},"es":{"title":"Zero trust","tagline":"Seguridad que revisa cada pedido, en vez de confiar en lo que está adentro de la red.","aliases":["confianza cero","arquitectura zero trust","mínimo privilegio"],"imageAlt":"A la izquierda, un castillo rodeado por un foso con una puerta VPN, donde todo lo de adentro es confiable; a la derecha, un usuario cuyos pedidos a una app o a una base pasan cada uno por su propio control","lead":"Durante décadas, la seguridad de las empresas siguió el modelo del **castillo y el foso**: un muro fuerte alrededor de la red de la oficina (el firewall), una puerta para entrar desde afuera (la VPN), y una vez adentro, casi todo era accesible y confiable. Ese modelo se rompe cuando un mail de phishing le da a un atacante un pie adentro, cuando la gente trabaja desde la casa o desde un café, y cuando las apps viven en la nube y no en la oficina.","analogy":"Un edificio de oficinas donde la credencial se revisa en cada puerta, no solo en la entrada. Llegar al hall ya no te habilita a entrar a la sala de servidores; cada puerta vuelve a preguntar si vos, hoy, deberías pasar.","url":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/zero-trust/","markdown":"https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/zero-trust/index.md"}}]}