# Cybersecurity

> Protecting computers, networks and data from theft, damage and disruption.

- Level: Basic
- Topics: Security
- URL: https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cybersecurity/
- In Spanish: [Ciberseguridad](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/es/cybersecurity/)

**Cybersecurity** is everything people and organizations do to keep their computers, networks and data safe from attack and misuse. It covers a lot of ground: passwords and two-factor authentication, encryption, firewalls, software updates, backups, training people to spot phishing, and the teams who watch for intruders.

A classic way to think about it is three goals. **Confidentiality**: only the right people can see the information (your medical record, a company's plans). **Integrity**: nobody can change it without permission (your bank balance, a hospital's dosage). **Availability**: it is there when needed (the online banking site, the hospital's systems during an emergency). Most attacks break at least one: a data leak breaks confidentiality, ransomware breaks availability, a forged transfer breaks integrity.

Security is not a product you install once. It is technology plus people plus habits, and attackers usually go for the weakest of the three, which is often a person tricked by a convincing message. That is why frameworks like the NIST Cybersecurity Framework organize the work as a cycle: understand what you have, protect it, detect problems, respond and recover. For an individual, a few habits cover most of the risk: updates on, a password manager, 2FA on important accounts and a backup.

## An analogy

Keeping a house safe is not just a good lock: it is also closing windows, knowing who has a key, having an alarm, and insurance for when something still goes wrong.

## Keep in mind

- The three classic goals: confidentiality, integrity and availability.
- It mixes technology, people and processes; attackers aim for the weakest link.
- Work runs as a cycle: identify, protect, detect, respond, recover.
- Updates, a password manager, 2FA and backups cover most personal risk.

## Go deeper

- [Computer security on Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_security)
- [NIST Cybersecurity Framework](https://www.nist.gov/cyberframework)
- [Cybersecurity best practices (CISA)](https://www.cisa.gov/topics/cybersecurity-best-practices)

## Related terms

- [Two-factor authentication](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/two-factor-authentication/): A second proof that you are you, so a stolen password alone is not enough.
- [Encryption](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/encryption/): Scrambling data so that only someone with the key can read it.
- [Firewall](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/firewall/): A gatekeeper that decides which network traffic gets in or out.
- [Backup](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/backup/): A separate copy of your data, kept so you can get it back when the original is lost.
- [Training and inference](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/training-and-inference/): Training builds the model once; inference is using it, millions of times a day.
- [Phishing](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/phishing/): A fake message that tricks you into handing over a password or a payment.
- [Data breach](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-breach/): When private data an organization holds ends up with people who should not have it.
- [Malware and ransomware](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/malware-and-ransomware/): Software built to harm you; ransomware locks your files and charges to unlock them.