# All terms, A to Z

Every technology term in Tidbit, in alphabetical order, with a one-line definition.

## #

- [5G](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/5g/) (Basic): The fifth generation of mobile networks: faster data, less delay, more devices at once.

## A

- [Adobe](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/adobe/) (Basic): The company behind Photoshop, Illustrator, Premiere Pro, Acrobat and the PDF format.
- [AGI](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/agi/) (Basic): A hypothetical AI able to do most mental tasks as well as a person. Not here yet.
- [Agile and Scrum](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/agile-and-scrum/) (Basic): Building software in short cycles, showing results often and adjusting as you learn.
- [AI agent](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ai-agent/) (Intermediate): An LLM that can take actions, check the results and keep going until the job is done.
- [AI bias](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ai-bias/) (Basic): When an AI system treats some groups of people unfairly, usually learned from its data.
- [Algorithm](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/algorithm/) (Basic): A precise, step-by-step method for solving a problem or doing a task.
- [Alibaba](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/alibaba/) (Basic): China's giant of online marketplaces, which also runs a major cloud.
- [Amazon](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon/) (Basic): An online store with its own delivery network, and the company that runs AWS.
- [Amazon API Gateway](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-api-gateway/) (Intermediate): The front door of your API: it receives requests and passes them to your code.
- [Amazon Athena](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-athena/) (Intermediate): Run SQL directly on files sitting in S3, with no database to set up.
- [Amazon Bedrock](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-bedrock/) (Basic): A single AWS service to call AI models from Anthropic, Meta, Amazon and others.
- [Amazon CloudFront](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-cloudfront/) (Basic): AWS's CDN: copies of your content kept close to users all over the world.
- [Amazon CloudWatch](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-cloudwatch/) (Basic): The dashboard and alarm system that watches everything running in your AWS account.
- [Amazon Cognito](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-cognito/) (Intermediate): Sign-up, login and passwords for your app, handled by AWS instead of you.
- [Amazon DynamoDB](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-dynamodb/) (Basic): A key-value database that answers in milliseconds no matter how big the table gets.
- [Amazon EBS](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-ebs/) (Intermediate): The virtual hard drive of an EC2 instance, kept alive even when the instance stops.
- [Amazon EC2](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-ec2/) (Basic): Virtual computers you rent by the hour, in any size, and switch off when done.
- [Amazon ECR](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-ecr/) (Intermediate): A private warehouse on AWS for your container images, ready to be deployed.
- [Amazon ECS and Fargate](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-ecs-and-fargate/) (Intermediate): AWS runs your containers; with Fargate you never see the servers at all.
- [Amazon EKS](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-eks/) (Advanced): Kubernetes with the hard part, the control plane, run by AWS.
- [Amazon ElastiCache](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-elasticache/) (Intermediate): A managed in-memory cache that keeps hot data close so apps answer instantly.
- [Amazon EventBridge](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-eventbridge/) (Intermediate): A switchboard that routes "something happened" messages to whoever cares.
- [Amazon Lightsail](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-lightsail/) (Basic): The simple corner of AWS: a ready-made server for a flat monthly price.
- [Amazon OpenSearch Service](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-opensearch-service/) (Intermediate): Managed search engine on AWS, for site search boxes and digging through logs.
- [Amazon RDS](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-rds/) (Basic): A ready-made relational database that AWS keeps patched, backed up and running.
- [Amazon Redshift](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-redshift/) (Intermediate): AWS's data warehouse: SQL over huge tables, built for analysis rather than apps.
- [Amazon Route 53](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-route-53/) (Basic): AWS's DNS service: it turns your domain name into the address of your servers.
- [Amazon S3](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-s3/) (Basic): A giant online drawer for files, rented by the gigabyte.
- [Amazon SageMaker](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-sagemaker/) (Intermediate): The AWS workshop for building, training and serving machine learning models.
- [Amazon SNS](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-sns/) (Intermediate): One message in, many copies out: a megaphone for systems.
- [Amazon SQS](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-sqs/) (Intermediate): A waiting line for messages between programs, so none of them gets lost.
- [Amazon VPC](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amazon-vpc/) (Intermediate): Your own private slice of the AWS network, with walls you draw yourself.
- [AMD](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/amd/) (Basic): The chip designer that competes with Intel in CPUs and with NVIDIA in GPUs.
- [Anthropic](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/anthropic/) (Basic): The AI company behind Claude, built around making models safe and useful.
- [Antivirus](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/antivirus/) (Basic): A program that watches your files and apps and blocks the ones known to be harmful.
- [Apache Spark](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/apache-spark/) (Advanced): An open source engine that splits work on huge datasets across many machines.
- [API](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/api/) (Basic): The menu of things one program lets another program ask for.
- [API key](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/api-key/) (Intermediate): A secret string that identifies your app when it calls someone else's API.
- [Apple](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/apple/) (Basic): The company that sells the iPhone and the Mac, plus the services that run on them.
- [Arm](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/arm/) (Intermediate): The British company that designs the processor blueprints inside almost every phone.
- [Artificial intelligence](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/artificial-intelligence/) (Basic): Getting computers to do things that, until recently, only people could do.
- [ASML](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/asml/) (Intermediate): The Dutch company that builds the machines every advanced chip factory depends on.
- [Autoscaling](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/autoscaling/) (Intermediate): Adding and removing servers automatically as demand goes up and down.
- [AWS account and billing](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-account-and-billing/) (Basic): What an AWS account is, how you get charged, and how to avoid a surprise bill.
- [AWS Amplify](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-amplify/) (Basic): A shortcut for building and publishing web and mobile apps on AWS.
- [AWS Backup](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-backup/) (Intermediate): One place to schedule, keep and restore backups of your AWS data.
- [AWS CDK](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-cdk/) (Advanced): Describe your AWS infrastructure in a real programming language instead of YAML.
- [AWS CloudFormation](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-cloudformation/) (Intermediate): Describe your AWS infrastructure in a text file; AWS builds it exactly like that.
- [AWS CloudTrail](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-cloudtrail/) (Intermediate): The logbook of an AWS account: who did what, when, and from where.
- [AWS Glue](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-glue/) (Intermediate): AWS's service for finding, describing and cleaning up data, with no servers to run.
- [AWS KMS](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-kms/) (Intermediate): AWS's vault for encryption keys: you use them, but they never leave.
- [AWS Lambda](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-lambda/) (Basic): Run a piece of code only when something happens, with no server to manage.
- [AWS Organizations](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-organizations/) (Intermediate): One place to group, govern and pay for many AWS accounts at once.
- [AWS Secrets Manager](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-secrets-manager/) (Intermediate): A locked vault for passwords and API keys, so they never live in your code.
- [AWS Shield](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-shield/) (Intermediate): AWS's protection against DDoS attacks, on by default for everyone.
- [AWS Step Functions](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-step-functions/) (Advanced): A flowchart that runs: it chains steps, retries failures and remembers where it was.
- [AWS WAF](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/aws-waf/) (Intermediate): A filter in front of your website that reads each request and blocks the bad ones.

## B

- [Backup](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/backup/) (Basic): A separate copy of your data, kept so you can get it back when the original is lost.
- [Bandwidth and latency](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bandwidth-and-latency/) (Basic): How much data fits per second, and how long each trip takes. Two different things.
- [BGP](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bgp/) (Advanced): The protocol networks use to tell each other which addresses they can reach.
- [Big data](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/big-data/) (Basic): Data so large, fast or messy that one ordinary computer cannot handle it.
- [Biometrics](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/biometrics/) (Basic): Proving who you are with your body: a fingerprint, your face, your voice.
- [BIOS and UEFI](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bios-and-uefi/) (Intermediate): The first program a PC runs: it checks the hardware and starts the operating system.
- [Blockchain](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/blockchain/) (Basic): A shared record book, copied on many computers, where old pages can't be quietly changed.
- [Bluetooth](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bluetooth/) (Basic): Short-range wireless for connecting nearby gadgets: headphones, watches, keyboards.
- [Broadcom](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/broadcom/) (Intermediate): An American chip designer behind data center networking, Wi-Fi and custom AI chips.
- [Brute-force attack](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/brute-force-attack/) (Basic): Breaking into an account by trying passwords, one after another, until one works.
- [Bug](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bug/) (Basic): A mistake in software that makes it behave differently from what was intended.
- [Bug bounty](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bug-bounty/) (Intermediate): A company pays outside researchers who find and privately report its security holes.
- [Business intelligence](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/business-intelligence/) (Basic): Turning a company's data into reports and dashboards people use to decide.
- [ByteDance](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/bytedance/) (Basic): The Chinese tech company behind TikTok and its recommendation engine.

## C

- [CAPTCHA](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/captcha/) (Basic): A small test a website uses to tell a person from an automated program.
- [CDN](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cdn/) (Intermediate): Copies of a website kept on servers around the world, close to whoever asks.
- [Chatbot](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/chatbot/) (Basic): A program you talk to by typing or speaking, as if it were a person.
- [ChatGPT](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/chatgpt/) (Basic): OpenAI's chat assistant, the app that brought AI chatbots to the general public.
- [Chip](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/semiconductor-chip/) (Basic): A sliver of silicon carrying billions of tiny switches that compute and remember.
- [CI/CD](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ci-cd/) (Intermediate): Automation that builds, tests and ships every code change, so releases become routine.
- [Cisco](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cisco/) (Basic): The company that makes much of the network gear connecting offices to the internet.
- [Claude](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/claude/) (Basic): Anthropic's family of AI models, and the assistant app built on them.
- [Clock speed](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/clock-speed/) (Basic): How many times per second a processor ticks, measured in gigahertz (GHz).
- [Cloud computing](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cloud-computing/) (Basic): Renting computers over the internet instead of buying your own.
- [Cloudflare](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cloudflare/) (Basic): A global network that sits in front of websites to make them faster and safer.
- [CMS](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cms/) (Basic): Software that lets people publish and edit a website's content without writing code.
- [Code review](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/code-review/) (Intermediate): Having another person read a code change before it becomes part of the product.
- [Command line](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/command-line/) (Basic): Controlling a computer by typing text commands instead of clicking icons.
- [Compiler](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/compiler/) (Intermediate): A program that translates source code into instructions a computer can run directly.
- [Computer vision](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/computer-vision/) (Intermediate): The part of AI that lets computers find and understand what is in images and video.
- [Container](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/container/) (Basic): A sealed box with a program and everything it needs to run anywhere.
- [Context window](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/context-window/) (Intermediate): How much text an AI model can take into account at once, measured in tokens.
- [Cookies](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cookies/) (Basic): Small notes a website asks your browser to keep, so it can recognize you later.
- [Cores and threads](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cpu-cores-and-threads/) (Intermediate): Why a CPU is really several processors, and why it can juggle even more tasks.
- [CPU](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cpu/) (Basic): The chip that runs your programs, one instruction after another, very fast.
- [Cross-site scripting](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cross-site-scripting/) (Intermediate): Sneaking code into a website so it runs in other visitors' browsers.
- [CSS](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/css/) (Basic): The language that decides how a web page looks: colors, fonts, spacing, layout.
- [CSV](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/csv/) (Basic): A plain text file that holds a table: one row per line, commas between values.
- [Cybersecurity](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/cybersecurity/) (Basic): Protecting computers, networks and data from theft, damage and disruption.

## D

- [Dark web](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/dark-web/) (Basic): Websites that are reachable only with special software that hides who is talking to whom.
- [Data breach](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-breach/) (Basic): When private data an organization holds ends up with people who should not have it.
- [Data catalog](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-catalog/) (Intermediate): A searchable inventory of an organization's datasets, with what each one means.
- [Data center](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-center/) (Basic): A building full of servers where the internet, the cloud and AI actually run.
- [Data cleaning](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-cleaning/) (Basic): Fixing errors, gaps and duplicates in data before anyone trusts it.
- [Data governance](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-governance/) (Intermediate): The rules and roles that decide who owns data, who can use it and how it is kept right.
- [Data lake](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-lake/) (Intermediate): Cheap storage where all your data is kept as raw files, to be sorted out later.
- [Data mesh](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-mesh/) (Advanced): An organizational approach where each business team owns and publishes its own data.
- [Data science](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-science/) (Basic): Using statistics, code and business sense to answer questions with data.
- [Data streaming](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-streaming/) (Advanced): Processing data as a continuous flow of events, seconds after they happen.
- [Data warehouse](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/data-warehouse/) (Intermediate): A database built for analysis: years of history, from many sources, in one place.
- [Database](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/database/) (Basic): An organized store of data that programs can search and update safely.
- [Database index](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/database-index/) (Intermediate): A sorted shortcut that lets a database find rows without reading the whole table.
- [Database schema](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/database-schema/) (Intermediate): The blueprint of a database: which tables exist, their columns and how they connect.
- [dbt](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/dbt/) (Advanced): A tool for writing data transformations as SQL files, with tests and docs, like software.
- [DDoS](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ddos/) (Intermediate): Knocking a site offline by flooding it with more traffic than it can handle.
- [Debugging](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/debugging/) (Basic): The detective work of finding why a program misbehaves, and fixing it.
- [Deep learning](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/deep-learning/) (Intermediate): Machine learning with many-layered neural networks, behind most recent AI leaps.
- [Deepfake](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/deepfake/) (Basic): A fake video, photo or voice made with AI to look and sound like a real person.
- [DeepSeek](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/deepseek/) (Basic): A Chinese AI lab whose open-weight models showed that top AI could be built for less.
- [DevOps](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/devops/) (Intermediate): Breaking the wall between people who write software and people who run it.
- [DHCP](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/dhcp/) (Intermediate): The service that gives each device an IP address automatically when it joins a network.
- [Diffusion model](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/diffusion-model/) (Advanced): An image generator that starts from random noise and cleans it up, step by step.
- [Disaster recovery](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/disaster-recovery/) (Intermediate): The plan for getting systems and data back after a major failure.
- [Display resolution](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/display-resolution/) (Basic): How many dots, or pixels, make up a screen's image: more dots, finer detail.
- [DNS](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/dns/) (Basic): The internet's phone book: it turns names like wikipedia.org into IP addresses.
- [Docker](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/docker/) (Intermediate): The tool that made containers easy: package an app once, run it anywhere.
- [Domain name](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/domain-name/) (Basic): The readable name of a website, like wikipedia.org, that stands in for a numeric address.

## E

- [Edge computing](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/edge-computing/) (Intermediate): Processing data close to where it is created, instead of in a distant data center.
- [Email protocols](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/email-protocols/) (Intermediate): The shared rules, SMTP, IMAP and POP3, that carry an email from one inbox to another.
- [Embeddings](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/embeddings/) (Intermediate): Turning words, images or documents into lists of numbers that capture meaning.
- [Emoji](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/emoji/) (Basic): Little pictures that are really text characters, drawn differently by each phone maker.
- [Encryption](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/encryption/) (Basic): Scrambling data so that only someone with the key can read it.
- [End-to-end encryption](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/end-to-end-encryption/) (Intermediate): Only the sender and the recipient can read a message; the service in between cannot.
- [Environment variables](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/environment-variables/) (Intermediate): Named settings a program reads from outside its code, like where its database lives.
- [ETL](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/etl/) (Intermediate): Copy data out of its sources, clean it up, load it where it can be analyzed.

## F

- [Fiber optic](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/fiber-optic/) (Basic): Thin strands of glass that carry data as pulses of light, fast and over long distances.
- [Fine-tuning](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/fine-tuning/) (Intermediate): Extra training that adapts an existing AI model to a specific task or style.
- [FinOps](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/finops/) (Intermediate): Understanding and controlling cloud spending, as a job shared by engineers and finance.
- [Firewall](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/firewall/) (Basic): A gatekeeper that decides which network traffic gets in or out.
- [Firmware](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/firmware/) (Basic): Software built into a device to run its hardware, from routers to washing machines.
- [Framework](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/framework/) (Intermediate): A ready-made skeleton for an app: it sets the structure and calls your code.
- [Frontend and backend](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/frontend-and-backend/) (Basic): The part of an app you see and touch, and the part that works behind it.
- [FTP and SFTP](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ftp-and-sftp/) (Intermediate): Two ways to move files to and from a server; only one of them keeps them private.

## G

- [Gemini](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/gemini/) (Basic): Google's family of AI models, and the assistant app that carries the same name.
- [Generative AI](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/generative-ai/) (Basic): AI that creates new text, images, audio or code instead of just sorting things.
- [Git](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/git/) (Basic): A time machine for code: every change saved, by whom and why.
- [GitHub](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/github/) (Basic): A website where teams store their code with Git and work on it together.
- [GitHub Copilot](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/github-copilot/) (Basic): An AI assistant inside the code editor that suggests and writes code.
- [Google](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/google/) (Basic): The search company that gives most products away and makes its money on ads.
- [Google Cloud](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/google-cloud/) (Basic): Google's cloud business: computing, storage, data and AI services rented by the hour.
- [GPU](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/gpu/) (Basic): The chip that does thousands of simple calculations at once.
- [GraphQL](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/graphql/) (Advanced): An API language where the app asks for exactly the fields it needs, in one request.

## H

- [Hacker](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hacker/) (Basic): Someone who takes systems apart to see how they work, for better or for worse.
- [Hallucination](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hallucination/) (Basic): When an AI model states something false with total confidence.
- [Hard disk drive](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hard-disk-drive/) (Basic): Storage that keeps data on spinning magnetic platters: slower than an SSD, but cheap.
- [Hashing](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hashing/) (Intermediate): A one-way fingerprint of data: easy to compute, not meant to be reversed.
- [High availability](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/high-availability/) (Intermediate): Designing a system so it keeps working when one of its parts fails.
- [HTML](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/html/) (Basic): The text format that describes what is on a web page: headings, paragraphs, links.
- [HTTP](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/http/) (Basic): The request-and-response language browsers and websites speak.
- [HTTPS](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/https/) (Basic): The padlock in your browser: web traffic nobody in between can read.
- [Huawei](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/huawei/) (Basic): A Chinese company that makes mobile network equipment, phones and its own chips.
- [Hugging Face](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hugging-face/) (Basic): The website where people share AI models and datasets, and the tools to use them.
- [Hybrid and multi-cloud](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hybrid-and-multi-cloud/) (Intermediate): Running systems across your own servers and the cloud, or across several cloud providers.
- [Hypervisor](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/hypervisor/) (Advanced): The software layer that splits one physical computer into many virtual machines.

## I

- [IAM](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/iam/) (Basic): The rulebook that says who can do what in your AWS account.
- [IBM](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ibm/) (Basic): A century-old computer company that sells software, consulting and mainframes.
- [IDE](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ide/) (Basic): The app where programmers write, run and fix code, with all the tools in one window.
- [Identity theft](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/identity-theft/) (Basic): Someone uses your personal details to pass as you, usually to borrow or buy in your name.
- [Incognito mode](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/incognito-mode/) (Basic): A browser window that forgets your visit on this device. It does not make you invisible.
- [Infrastructure as code](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/infrastructure-as-code/) (Intermediate): Describing servers, networks and databases in files instead of clicking.
- [Intel](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/intel/) (Basic): The American company behind most PC and server processors for decades.
- [Internet](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/internet/) (Basic): A worldwide network of networks that lets any connected device reach any other.
- [Internet of things](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/internet-of-things/) (Basic): Everyday objects with sensors and a network connection: thermostats, meters, doorbells.
- [IP address](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ip-address/) (Basic): The number that identifies a device on a network, like a postal address.
- [IPv6](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ipv6/) (Intermediate): The newer internet addressing system, with practically unlimited addresses.
- [ISP](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/isp/) (Basic): The company you pay to connect your home or phone to the internet.

## J

- [JavaScript](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/javascript/) (Basic): The programming language that runs inside web pages and makes them interactive.
- [JSON](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/json/) (Basic): The plain-text format programs use to hand each other structured data.

## K

- [Keylogger](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/keylogger/) (Basic): Software or a gadget that secretly records everything you type.
- [Kubernetes](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/kubernetes/) (Intermediate): The system that runs and babysits containers across many machines.

## L

- [Linux](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/linux/) (Basic): A free, open source operating system that runs most of the internet's servers.
- [LLM](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/llm/) (Basic): A neural network trained on huge amounts of text to predict the next word.
- [Load balancer](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/load-balancer/) (Intermediate): The traffic cop that spreads incoming requests across many servers.
- [Low-code and no-code](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/low-code-and-no-code/) (Basic): Building apps and automations by dragging blocks instead of writing code.

## M

- [MAC address](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/mac-address/) (Intermediate): The built-in name of a network card, used to deliver data inside a local network.
- [Machine learning](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/machine-learning/) (Basic): Teaching computers by showing them examples instead of writing every rule.
- [Malware and ransomware](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/malware-and-ransomware/) (Basic): Software built to harm you; ransomware locks your files and charges to unlock them.
- [Mercado Libre](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/mercado-libre/) (Basic): Latin America's largest online marketplace, with its own payments and delivery network.
- [Mesh Wi-Fi](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/mesh-wifi/) (Intermediate): Several Wi-Fi units spread around a home that work together as one network.
- [Meta](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/meta/) (Basic): The company behind Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp, paid for by advertising.
- [Metadata](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/metadata/) (Basic): Data that describes other data: who made it, when, where and what it contains.
- [Metaverse](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/metaverse/) (Basic): The idea of shared 3D virtual worlds where people meet, play and work as avatars.
- [Microservices](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/microservices/) (Advanced): Building one application as many small services that each do one job.
- [Microsoft](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/microsoft/) (Basic): The company of Windows and Office, now just as much a cloud company with Azure.
- [Mistral AI](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/mistral-ai/) (Basic): A French company that builds AI language models, many of them with open weights.
- [Model Context Protocol](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/model-context-protocol/) (Intermediate): An open standard for plugging tools and data into AI assistants the same way every time.
- [Model parameters](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/model-parameters/) (Intermediate): The billions of numbers a model learns in training; '70B' means 70 billion of them.
- [Modem](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/modem/) (Basic): The box that connects your home to your internet provider's network.
- [Moore's law](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/moores-law/) (Basic): The observation that chips fit about twice as many transistors every two years.
- [Motherboard](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/motherboard/) (Basic): The main circuit board that every other part of a computer plugs into.
- [Multimodal AI](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/multimodal-ai/) (Intermediate): AI that works with more than one kind of data at once: text, images, sound, video.

## N

- [NAT](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/nat/) (Advanced): How a whole home or office shares one public IP address on the internet.
- [Natural language processing](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/natural-language-processing/) (Intermediate): The field of AI that works with human language: reading, writing, translating.
- [Netflix](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/netflix/) (Basic): A streaming service, and the engineering it built to deliver video to the whole world.
- [Neural network](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/neural-network/) (Basic): A pile of tiny math units that learns patterns from examples.
- [NFC](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/nfc/) (Basic): Very short-range wireless that works with a tap: contactless cards, phones, transit.
- [NoSQL](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/nosql/) (Intermediate): Databases that store data in shapes other than tables with fixed columns.
- [NPU](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/npu/) (Intermediate): A small AI engine inside phones and laptops that runs models fast on little battery.
- [NVIDIA](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/nvidia/) (Basic): The company that sells the shovels of the AI gold rush.

## O

- [OAuth and SSO](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/oauth-and-sso/) (Intermediate): Log in once with an account you trust, and let it vouch for you in other apps.
- [Object storage](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/object-storage/) (Intermediate): Files stored as whole named objects, reached over the web, almost without limit.
- [OLAP and OLTP](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/olap-and-oltp/) (Advanced): Two kinds of database work: many small transactions, or a few huge analytical questions.
- [Open source](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/open-source/) (Basic): Software whose code anyone can read, use, change and share.
- [Open standard](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/open-standard/) (Intermediate): A public rulebook anyone can follow, so products from different makers work together.
- [Open-weights models](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/open-weights-models/) (Intermediate): AI models whose trained numbers anyone can download and run on their own machines.
- [OpenAI](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/openai/) (Basic): The company that made ChatGPT and turned AI into a household topic.
- [Operating system](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/operating-system/) (Basic): The base software that runs a device and lets every app share its hardware.
- [Oracle](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/oracle/) (Basic): The company behind one of the most used business databases, now also a cloud provider.

## P

- [Packet](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/packet/) (Intermediate): The small chunk every piece of internet data is cut into before it travels.
- [Parquet](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/parquet/) (Advanced): A file format that stores tables by column, compressed, so analytics reads far less.
- [Passkeys](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/passkeys/) (Basic): A way to sign in without a password, using your phone's or computer's lock instead.
- [Password manager](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/password-manager/) (Basic): An encrypted vault that remembers a different strong password for every site.
- [Penetration testing](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/penetration-testing/) (Intermediate): Hiring someone to break into your systems, with permission, before a criminal does.
- [Perplexity](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/perplexity/) (Basic): An AI answer engine that searches the web and replies with a summary and its sources.
- [Personal data and GDPR](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/personal-data-and-gdpr/) (Basic): Information about you, and the laws that say who can use it and how.
- [Phishing](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/phishing/) (Basic): A fake message that tricks you into handing over a password or a payment.
- [Ping](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ping/) (Basic): A tiny "are you there?" message that tests a connection and times the reply.
- [Port](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/port/) (Intermediate): The numbered door on a computer that says which program a connection is for.
- [Primary and foreign keys](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/primary-and-foreign-keys/) (Intermediate): A primary key names each row uniquely; a foreign key points to a row in another table.
- [Process node](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/process-node/) (Intermediate): The name of a generation of chip manufacturing, like "3 nm". A label, not a size.
- [Programming language](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/programming-language/) (Basic): A precise, written language people use to give instructions to a computer.
- [Prompt](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/prompt/) (Basic): Everything you send to an AI model: the question, the instructions, the context.
- [Prompt engineering](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/prompt-engineering/) (Basic): Writing instructions for an AI model so it gives you what you actually need.
- [Proxy](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/proxy/) (Intermediate): A middleman computer that makes requests on someone else's behalf.
- [Public-key cryptography](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/public-key-cryptography/) (Intermediate): Two linked keys: one you share with everyone to lock, one you keep to unlock.
- [Python](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/python/) (Basic): A popular programming language known for being easy to read and quick to write.

## Q

- [QR code](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/qr-code/) (Basic): A square pattern of dots that a phone camera reads, usually to open a link.
- [Qualcomm](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/qualcomm/) (Basic): Designs the chips, and owns key patents, that let phones talk to cell towers.
- [Quantum computer](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/quantum-computer/) (Intermediate): A machine that uses quantum physics for a few specific problems. Not a faster PC.

## R

- [RAG](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/rag/) (Intermediate): Let the model look things up in your documents before it answers.
- [RAM](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ram/) (Basic): The computer's short-term memory: fast, small and wiped when you turn it off.
- [Raspberry Pi](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/raspberry-pi/) (Basic): A cheap, credit-card-sized computer made for learning and tinkering.
- [Refactoring](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/refactoring/) (Intermediate): Reorganizing code to make it clearer, without changing what it does.
- [Regex](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/regex/) (Intermediate): A compact pattern language for finding and checking pieces of text.
- [Regions and Availability Zones](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/regions-and-availability-zones/) (Basic): Where AWS physically lives: cities worldwide, each split into separate data centers.
- [Reinforcement learning](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/reinforcement-learning/) (Intermediate): Learning by trial and error, guided by rewards for good outcomes.
- [REST API](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/rest-api/) (Intermediate): The most common style of web API: things have URLs and you act on them with HTTP verbs.
- [Router](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/router/) (Basic): The box that connects your devices to each other and to the internet.

## S

- [SaaS, PaaS and IaaS](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/saas-paas-iaas/) (Basic): Three ways to rent computing, depending on how much of the work you hand over.
- [Salesforce](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/salesforce/) (Basic): The company that sells, as an online subscription, the software to manage customers.
- [Samsung](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/samsung/) (Basic): Korean giant that sells phones and TVs, and makes much of the world's memory chips.
- [Sandboxing](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sandboxing/) (Intermediate): Running a program in a closed box so it cannot harm anything outside it.
- [SAP](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sap/) (Basic): The German company whose software runs the back office of many large businesses.
- [Satellite internet](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/satellite-internet/) (Basic): Internet access beamed from space to a dish, where cables and cell towers don't reach.
- [SDK](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sdk/) (Intermediate): A kit of code, tools and docs a company provides so you can build for its platform.
- [Security operations center](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/security-operations-center/) (Intermediate): The team that watches an organization's systems around the clock for attacks.
- [Semantic versioning](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/semantic-versioning/) (Intermediate): A rule for version numbers like 2.4.1, so each part tells you how risky an update is.
- [Server](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/server/) (Basic): A computer whose job is to answer requests from other computers, all day, every day.
- [Serverless](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/serverless/) (Intermediate): Code that runs only when called; you never see or manage the server.
- [SIEM](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/siem/) (Advanced): The system that gathers security logs from everywhere and raises the alarm.
- [SLA](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sla/) (Basic): A written promise about how reliable a service will be, and what happens if it is not.
- [Social engineering](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/social-engineering/) (Basic): Manipulating people, instead of machines, into giving away access or information.
- [Software library](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/software-library/) (Intermediate): Ready-made code for a common task that programmers plug into their own programs.
- [Software testing](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/software-testing/) (Intermediate): Checking that software does what it should, mostly with code that tests other code.
- [Source code](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/source-code/) (Basic): The human-readable text that programmers write and that a program is built from.
- [Spam](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/spam/) (Basic): Unwanted messages sent in bulk: ads, scams and junk you never asked for.
- [Spotify](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/spotify/) (Basic): A Swedish streaming service for music and podcasts, free with ads or paid monthly.
- [Spreadsheet vs database](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/spreadsheet-vs-database/) (Basic): Why a company that runs on Excel eventually needs a real database.
- [SQL](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sql/) (Basic): The language you use to ask a database questions.
- [SQL injection](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/sql-injection/) (Intermediate): Typing text into a form that the database mistakes for its own instructions.
- [SSD](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ssd/) (Basic): Storage with no moving parts: where your files live when the power is off.
- [SSH](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/ssh/) (Intermediate): An encrypted way to log in to another computer and type commands on it.
- [Stripe](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/stripe/) (Basic): A company that lets websites and apps accept online payments with a few lines of code.
- [Subnet](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/subnet/) (Advanced): A slice of a network's IP addresses, grouped so its devices can talk directly.
- [System on a chip](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/system-on-a-chip/) (Intermediate): One chip that holds a computer's main parts: CPU, GPU, memory control and more.

## T

- [TCP and UDP](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/tcp-and-udp/) (Intermediate): Two ways to send packets: TCP checks everything arrives, UDP just sends and moves on.
- [Technical debt](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/technical-debt/) (Intermediate): The future cost of shortcuts taken in software today.
- [Terraform](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/terraform/) (Intermediate): A popular tool for describing cloud infrastructure in files and creating it for you.
- [Tesla](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/tesla/) (Basic): An electric car maker that treats the car as a computer on wheels.
- [TLS certificate](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/tls-certificate/) (Intermediate): The ID card a website shows your browser to prove it is who it claims to be.
- [Token](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/token/) (Basic): The small chunk of text a language model actually reads.
- [TPU](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/tpu/) (Intermediate): Google's chip designed specifically for the math of neural networks.
- [Training and inference](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/training-and-inference/) (Intermediate): Training builds the model once; inference is using it, millions of times a day.
- [Transformer](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/transformer/) (Advanced): The neural network design behind modern language models, built around 'attention'.
- [Transistor](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/transistor/) (Intermediate): An electrically controlled switch, the basic building block of every chip.
- [TSMC](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/tsmc/) (Intermediate): The factory that makes the world's most advanced chips for everyone else.
- [Two-factor authentication](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/two-factor-authentication/) (Basic): A second proof that you are you, so a stolen password alone is not enough.

## U

- [Unicode](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/unicode/) (Intermediate): The universal numbering of every letter and symbol, and why accents sometimes break.
- [URL](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/url/) (Basic): The full address of something on the web: protocol, site and path.
- [USB](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/usb/) (Basic): The standard plug for connecting and charging almost everything.

## V

- [Vector database](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/vector-database/) (Intermediate): A database that finds things by similar meaning instead of exact matching words.
- [Video streaming](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/video-streaming/) (Basic): Watching a video while it arrives in small pieces, instead of downloading it all first.
- [Virtual machine](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/virtual-machine/) (Basic): A complete computer made of software, running inside a real one.
- [VLAN](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/vlan/) (Advanced): A way to split one physical network into several separate ones, using software rules.
- [VPN](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/vpn/) (Intermediate): An encrypted tunnel that sends all your traffic through another network first.
- [VRAM](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/vram/) (Intermediate): The memory built into a graphics card, where the GPU keeps what it is working on.
- [Vulnerability and CVE](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/vulnerability-and-cve/) (Intermediate): A flaw that lets an attacker misuse software, and the public id that names it.

## W

- [Web browser](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/web-browser/) (Basic): The app that fetches web pages from the internet and draws them on your screen.
- [Web hosting](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/web-hosting/) (Basic): Renting space on an always-on computer so your website is reachable by anyone.
- [Webhook](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/webhook/) (Intermediate): A way for one service to call your app the moment something happens.
- [WebSocket](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/websocket/) (Advanced): A connection between browser and server that stays open, so both can talk anytime.
- [Wi-Fi](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/wi-fi/) (Basic): Networking over radio waves: the internet without the cable, within a few rooms.
- [Wi-Fi security](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/wifi-security/) (Intermediate): How a Wi-Fi password keeps neighbors out and scrambles what travels through the air.

## X

- [Xiaomi](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/xiaomi/) (Basic): A Chinese maker of phones and smart home gadgets, and more recently electric cars.
- [XML](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/xml/) (Basic): A text format that wraps data in named tags, so both people and programs can read it.

## Z

- [Zero trust](https://tidbit.legios.com.ar/zero-trust/) (Advanced): Security that checks every request, instead of trusting whatever is inside the network.